PBS高端访谈:意大利著名电影导演贝尔纳多·贝尔托卢奇去世

JUDY WOODRUFF: The Italian filmmaker Bernardo Bertolucci died at his home in Rome earlier today. Jeffrey Brown has this look back at his career spanning more than 50 years.

JEFFREY BROWN: Bernardo Bertolucci made films that both followed and defied the conventions of his times and won the praise from many in the film world.

BEN KINGSLEY, Actor: He's pushing us to the edge of experience. And that's what filmmaking is all about.

JOAN CHEN, Actress: Pure visual joy that's impossible to describe in words.

JEFFREY BROWN: Born into an affluent¹, artistic² family, Bertolucci started making short films as a teenager in Rome. His early work captured the politically, culturally and sexually tumultuous spirit of the 1960s and '70s, films with art house appeal such Before the Revolution in 1964, and his breakthrough, The Conformist in 1970. International fame and controversy³ came in 1972 with the release of Last Tango in Paris. Its graphic⁴ depiction⁵ of a sexual relationship between an older man played by Marlon Brando and a young French woman, 19-year-old actress Maria Schneider, earned the film an X-rating in the United States and an obscenity trial in Italy, where Bertolucci received a four-month suspended sentence. The film was heralded⁷ by some for its frank eroticism, criticized by others for its emphasis on female nudity and tones of emotional abuse. Many years later, Schneider said she'd been traumatized during the filming, especially its most provocative⁸ scene of anal rape⁹, saying she herself "felt a little raped¹⁰ both by Marlon and Bertolucci". The director's later admission that aspects of the scene were a surprise to his young actress drew condemnation¹¹. Bertolucci's most ambitious film came in 1976, 1900 featuring an international cast, including Robert De Niro, was a massive multigenerational epic⁶, exploring questions of class and family. And his biggest Hollywood acclaim¹² came in 1987 with The Last Emperor.

ACTRESS: I have decided¹³ that you will be the new lord of 10,000 years.

JEFFREY BROWN: It won nine Academy Awards, including best film and director, for a lush biopic about the child who became China's final imperial ruler, ahead of the Maoist revolution. With 2003's The Dreamers, he returned to the revolutionary politics of his early works, with the story of two characters who have sealed themselves off from student riots in the streets outside.

BERNARDO BERTOLUCCI, Filmmaker: It's about the spirit of those times, a hope of changing the world, of changing the relationship between human beings.

JEFFREY BROWN: And he kept working in his later years, directing his final film, Me and You, released in 2012 from a wheelchair. Bernardo Bertolucci died today at his home in Rome. He was 77 years old.

1 affluent   

adj.富裕的，富有的，丰富的，富饶的

参考例句：

• He hails from an affluent background.他出身于一个富有的家庭。
• His parents were very affluent.他的父母很富裕。

2 artistic   

adj.艺术(家)的，美术(家)的；善于艺术创作的

参考例句：

• The picture on this screen is a good artistic work.这屏风上的画是件很好的艺术品。
• These artistic handicrafts are very popular with foreign friends.外国朋友很喜欢这些美术工艺品。

3 controversy   

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

• That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
• We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。

4 graphic   

adj.生动的，形象的，绘画的，文字的，图表的

参考例句：

• The book gave a graphic description of the war.这本书生动地描述了战争的情况。
• Distinguish important text items in lists with graphic icons.用图标来区分重要的文本项。

5 depiction   

n.描述

参考例句：

• Double rhythms, resounding through the lyric depiction and connecting with each other, indicate the thespian place of mankind and the cognition of the writer to this thespian place. 这双重旋律互为表里，表明了人类的某种悲剧性处境以及作家对这种悲剧性处境的感受和认识。
• A realistic depiction of scenes from everyday domestic life. 日常家居生活的写实画。

6 epic   

n.史诗，叙事诗；adj.史诗般的，壮丽的

参考例句：

• I gave up my epic and wrote this little tale instead.我放弃了写叙事诗，而写了这个小故事。
• They held a banquet of epic proportions.他们举行了盛大的宴会。

7 heralded   

v.预示( herald的过去式和过去分词 )；宣布（好或重要）

参考例句：

• The singing of the birds heralded in the day. 鸟鸣报晓。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• A fanfare of trumpets heralded the arrival of the King. 嘹亮的小号声宣告了国王驾到。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 provocative   

adj.挑衅的，煽动的，刺激的，挑逗的

参考例句：

• She wore a very provocative dress.她穿了一件非常性感的裙子。
• His provocative words only fueled the argument further.他的挑衅性讲话只能使争论进一步激化。

9 rape   

n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸

参考例句：

• The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
• He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

10 raped   

v.以暴力夺取，强夺( rape的过去式和过去分词 )；强奸

参考例句：

• A young woman was brutally raped in her own home. 一名年轻女子在自己家中惨遭强暴。 来自辞典例句
• We got stick together, or we will be having our women raped. 我们得团结一致，不然我们的妻女就会遭到蹂躏。 来自辞典例句

11 condemnation   

n.谴责; 定罪

参考例句：

• There was widespread condemnation of the invasion. 那次侵略遭到了人们普遍的谴责。
• The jury's condemnation was a shock to the suspect. 陪审团宣告有罪使嫌疑犯大为震惊。

12 acclaim   

v.向…欢呼，公认；n.欢呼，喝彩，称赞

参考例句：

• He was welcomed with great acclaim.他受到十分热烈的欢迎。
• His achievements earned him the acclaim of the scientific community.他的成就赢得了科学界的赞誉。

13 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。