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This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Steve Mirsky. Got a minute?

"There have been tremendous declines in fertility. The key has been the prevention of unwanted births, really around the globe."

John Casterline directs the Initiative in Population Research at Ohio State. He spoke¹ at the AAAS meeting in Washington on February 20th.

"This is a really remarkable² public health success story that I think doesn't get featured with all the other kinds of success we've had in eliminating some diseases and so forth³. But the story is not complete yet. There's still a considerable amount of unintended fertility, especially in some parts of Asia and Africa."

"What are the prospects⁴ now looking forward that we can address that level of unwanted fertility? Well, on a hopeful side we know that there are very high levels of unmet need for family planning. So if we were to satisfy that unmet need, various analyses show we would go a long way towards achieving the reduction in birth rates that are required to achieve global population stabilization⁵."

"On the less hopeful side, we've been successively underinvesting in family planning internationally. As the number, actually, of women in need has grown, the investment has declined."

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收听单词发音

1 spoke
n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说
参考例句：
They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。 The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

2 remarkable
adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的
参考例句：
She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。 These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。

3 forth
adv.向前；向外，往外
参考例句：
The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。 He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

4 prospects
n.希望，前途(恒为复数)
参考例句：
There is a mood of pessimism in the company about future job prospects. 公司中有一种对工作前景悲观的情绪。 They are less sanguine about the company's long-term prospects. 他们对公司的远景不那么乐观。

5 Stabilization
稳定化
参考例句：
The position of barycentre on plane directly impacts the stabilization and manipulation of plane. 飞机重心位置直接影响飞机的稳定和操纵特性。 With the higher olefins, stabilization of the energetic intermediates occurs more easily. 在较高的烯烃情况下，高能的中间物稳定作用更易出现。