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Turns out you’re not just what you eat. You’re when you eat. Because a new study in mice suggests that, in the battle of the bulge¹, the timing² of meals influences the piling on of pounds.

In the experiment, researchers gave groups of mice either standard feed or a high-fat diet for 100 days. Some ate at random³ intervals⁴, day and night. Others were restricted to feeding only during eight-hour windows in every 24-hour period.

Mice on the high-fat but time-restricted diet gained less weight and suffered less liver damage than the mice who ate around the clock. And they had improved nutrient⁵ utilization⁶ and glucose⁷ tolerance⁸, among other markers of metabolic⁹ health. Both groups ate the same food in the same amounts, so the only difference was the timing. The study was published in the journal Cell Metabolism¹⁰.

The researchers say when mice eat regularly all day and night, it throws off their metabolic cycles. Like if we don’t sleep well, we don’t function as well cognitively¹¹ during the day. They suggest the same may be true for human metabolism. Which means that when we eat could play a role in controlling obesity¹².

Thanks for the minute for Scientific Americans 60 second Science, I am Cynthia Graber.

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收听单词发音

1 bulge
n.突出，膨胀，激增；vt.突出，膨胀
参考例句：
The apple made a bulge in his pocket.苹果把他口袋塞得鼓了起来。 What's that awkward bulge in your pocket?你口袋里那块鼓鼓囊囊的东西是什么？

2 timing
n.时间安排，时间选择
参考例句：
The timing of the meeting is not convenient.会议的时间安排不合适。 The timing of our statement is very opportune.我们发表声明选择的时机很恰当。

3 random
adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动
参考例句：
The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。 On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。

4 intervals
n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息
参考例句：
The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. 预报间晴，有阵雨。 Meetings take place at fortnightly intervals. 每两周开一次会。

5 nutrient
adj.营养的，滋养的；n.营养物，营养品
参考例句：
Magnesium is the nutrient element in plant growth.镁是植物生长的营养要素。 The roots transmit moisture and nutrient to the trunk and branches.根将水分和养料输送到干和枝。

6 utilization
n.利用，效用
参考例句：
Computer has found an increasingly wide utilization in all fields.电子计算机已越来越广泛地在各个领域得到应用。 Modern forms of agricultural utilization,have completely refuted this assumption.现代农业利用形式，完全驳倒了这种想象。

7 glucose
n.葡萄糖
参考例句：
I gave him an extra dose of glucose to pep him up.我给他多注射了一剂葡萄糖以增强他的活力。 The doctor injected glucose into his patient's veins.医生将葡萄糖注入病人的静脉。

8 tolerance
n.宽容；容忍，忍受；耐药力；公差
参考例句：
Tolerance is one of his strengths.宽容是他的一个优点。 Human beings have limited tolerance of noise.人类对噪音的忍耐力有限。

9 metabolic
adj.新陈代谢的
参考例句：
Impressive metabolic alternations have been undergone during embryogenesis.在胚胎发生期间经历了深刻的代谢变化。 A number of intoxicants are associated with metabolic acidosis.许多毒性物质可引起代谢性酸中毒。

10 metabolism
n.新陈代谢
参考例句：
After years of dieting,Carol's metabolism was completely out of whack.经过数年的节食，卡罗尔的新陈代谢完全紊乱了。 All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.生物都有新陈代谢。

11 cognitively

参考例句：
Cognitively,man,the subject of cognition,must classify and categorize the objects. 从认知学角度来看，作为认知主体的人对于认知对象必须进行分类和范畴化。来自互联网 Cognitively, reference can be studied along with information processing of human mind. 从认知的角度看，要研究人类思维的信息处理过程。来自互联网

12 obesity
n.肥胖，肥大
参考例句：
One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。 Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。