世界节假日博览 第60期:世界戏剧日

 　　World Theatre Day was created in 1961 by the International Theatre Institute. It is celebrated¹ every year on March 27 by theatre companies around the world. Theatre groups of all kinds put on special performances and events to mark the day. The most important event is the message given by a leading figure in world theatre. The first message was given by the French poet, novelist and film maker² Jean Cocteau. World Theatre Day is also an occasion for actors, playwrights³ and directors to celebrate the power of the performing arts and how they bring people together. It is also a good chance for artists to show the world how theatre can and does create peace between people.

　　1961年，国际戏剧协会发起了世界戏剧日。每年的3月27日，全球剧院都会庆祝该节日。各个剧院都会举办特殊活动来庆祝。其中最重要的活动就是由一位戏剧界的知名人物发表感言。第一位传递讯息的人物是法国诗人，小说家，电影制作人让·谷克多。对于演员、剧作家以及导演来说，他们会在这一天来庆祝表演艺术的伟大力量，以及它所发挥的团结作用。对于艺术家来说，他们能够有机会向世界展示戏剧为促进世界和平所作出的贡献。

　　Theatre is one of the oldest performing arts. It dates back thousands of years. It has its roots in story telling and evolved into acting⁴ and the stage. The word ‘theatre’ comes from the Greek ‘theatron’, which means "the seeing place". Theatre forms a rich part of every culture, from ancient Greek tragedies and Japanese Kabuki, to Indian Sanskrit epics⁵ and the medieval world of Islamic puppet theatre. Today theatre is enjoyed by millions of theatre-goers around the world. People have a huge choice of dramas, musicals and comedy theatre. They can enjoy watching the top actors on Broadway or London’s West End, or simply watch their local amateur dramatics production.

　　戏剧是最古老的表演艺术之一。它的历史能够追溯到数千年之前。它发源于讲故事，并逐渐演变成舞台表演艺术。“剧场”一次来源于希腊语“theatron”，它的意思是“观看的对方”。在所有文化，剧场都扮演了非常重要的角色，从古希腊悲剧，日本歌舞町伎，再到印度的梵语史诗，中世纪的木偶剧院。如今，剧场受到了全球数百万爱好者的喜爱。人们有许多选择，戏剧，音乐剧，以及喜剧。他们能够在百老汇或是西伦敦欣赏到顶级演员的精彩表演，或是观看当地业余戏剧班的表演。

　　1.puppet theatre 木偶剧院

　　例句：Behind the crude lectern, off to a side, stands a curtained puppet theatre.

　　在粗糙的读经台后面, 偏向一边, 是一座挂着幕布的木偶戏台.

　　2.performing arts 表演艺术

　　例句：Wanchai boasts the Academy of Performing Arts, where everything from Chinese Opera to Shakespeare is performed.

　　湾仔拥有香港演艺学院，从京剧到莎士比亚的各种剧目都在这里上演。

　　3.evolve into 逐渐发展成

　　例句：The simple plan evolved into a complicated scheme.

　　这个简单的计划逐渐发展成了一项复杂的规划。

　　4.story telling 讲故事

　　例句：His story-telling can push the bounds of probability a bit far at times.

　　他讲故事的时候，不时会有些夸大。

1 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

2 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

3 playwrights   

n.剧作家( playwright的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• We're studying dramatic texts by sixteenth century playwrights. 我们正在研究16 世纪戏剧作家的戏剧文本。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Hung-chien asked who the playwrights were. 鸿渐问谁写的剧本。 来自汉英文学 - 围城

4 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

5 epics   

n.叙事诗( epic的名词复数 )；壮举；惊人之举；史诗般的电影（或书籍）

参考例句：

• one of the great Hindu epics 伟大的印度教史诗之一
• Homer Iliad and Milton's Paradise Lost are epics. 荷马的《伊利亚特》和弥尔顿的《失乐园》是史诗。 来自互联网