世界节假日博览 第150期:世界急救日

 　　World First Aid Day started in the year 2000. The International Federation¹ of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) introduced it to raise global awareness² of how first aid can save people's lives in everyday situations. It occurs on the second Saturday of September every year. It provides an opportunity for citizens to understand they can quickly learn skills that could save someone's life. The International Federation says World First Aid Day is to "celebrate the numbers of lives saved both by first aid volunteers and by laypersons trained in first aid." Many first-aiders recommend making first aid education a part of taking a driving test. Others say children should learn it in schools and it should be part of teachers' training.

　　世界急救日始于2000年。它是由国际红十字会和红新月会联合设立的，用来提高人们的认识——急救可以在日常生活中挽救生命。世界急救日设在每年9月的第二个星期六。这一节日使市民有机会了解到他们可以迅速学到挽救人生命的方法。国际联合会称世界急救日是为了“庆祝那些被急救志愿者和学过急救技能的一般人所挽救的生命"许多急救人员要求把急救教育加入到驾驶证考试中。有些人说学校应该教孩子们急救知识，急救知识应是教师训练的一部分。

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　　First aid is the provision³ of initial⁴ care when someone is sick or injured. It is usually carried out by a normal person until medical experts or an ambulance arrives. Sometimes the first aid itself can be effective enough. Most first aid procedures⁵ are simple techniques. They require very little or no equipment but have saved millions of lives. There are key aims of first aid. The first is to preserve life. The first-aider does everything he or she can to stop someone from dying⁶. The second aim is to prevent further harm. This could be to try and slow down bleeding or to stop a broken bone from being moved. The final aim is to promote recovery⁷. This might include encouraging someone to breathe, or sticking a plaster⁸ on a cut.

　　急救是为伤员或病人提供的最初治疗。通常由正常人实施急救，直到医疗专家或救护车前来。有时可能急救本身就足够了。多数急救程序都是一些简单的技巧。急救无需或仅需很少的设备，却已挽救了数百万人的生命。急救有几个关键目标。第一是维持生命。急救者尽一切可能阻止人死亡。第二是防止进一步伤害。可能是减缓出血速度或防止移动骨折部位。最后是促进复原，包括鼓励受伤的人调整呼吸，或是在伤口上贴上胶带。

　　1.the International Federation of Red Cross 国际红十字会

　　例句：

　　Senior health officer for the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Tammam Aloudat, has recently returned from Zimbabwe.

　　国际红十字会与红新月会联合会的高级医疗官员阿洛达最近刚刚从津巴布韦返回。

　　2.first aid 急救

　　例句：

　　Objective:Acute left ventricular failure of first aid methods and clinical results.

　　目的:探讨急性左心衰竭院前急救的方法及临床效果。

　　3.driving test 驾驶考试

　　例句：

　　The old lady amazed⁹ everyone by her passing the driving test.

　　老太太通过了驾驶考试使大家都吃惊不小。

　　4.initial care 初步护理

　　例句：

　　Your landscaper should be quite easily able to handle the job of site preparation ,seeding and initial care.

　　您的庭园设计应该很容易能够处理的整地，播种和初步护理工作。

1 federation   

n.同盟，联邦，联合，联盟，联合会

参考例句：

• It is a federation of 10 regional unions.它是由十个地方工会结合成的联合会。
• Mr.Putin was inaugurated as the President of the Russian Federation.普京正式就任俄罗斯联邦总统。

2 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

3 provision   

n.供应，预备，条款[pl.]给养，口粮

参考例句：

• He made no provision against the unforeseen expenses.他没有准备意外费用。
• It is an express provision.那是一项明文条款。

4 initial   

adj.最初的，开始的，词首的；n.首字母，姓名的开头字母；vt.标注姓名的首字母于

参考例句：

• After she'd overcome her initial shyness,she became very friendly.她克服了起初的羞怯之后，变得十分友善。
• The experiments have given initial results eventually.那些试验总算初见成效了。

5 procedures   

程序； 手续； 步骤； 常规； 程序( procedure的名词复数 )； 手续； [计算机]过程； （为解决一个特殊问题而专门设计的）文字程序

参考例句：

• procedures that must be followed to ensure full compliance with the law 为确保严格遵守法律所必须遵行的程序
• You need to become fully conversant with the company's procedures. 你得对公司的程序了如指掌。

6 dying   

adj.垂死的，临终的

参考例句：

• He was put in charge of the group by the dying leader.他被临终的领导人任命为集团负责人。
• She was shown into a small room,where there was a dying man.她被领进了一间小屋子，那里有一个垂死的人。

7 recovery   

n.恢复，痊愈；追回，寻回，收复

参考例句：

• The doctors said that his recovery was a miracle. 医生们说他的复原是件奇事。
• The quick recovery was truly in response to medication.这次迅速康复确实是对药物治疗的反应。

8 plaster   

n.石膏，灰泥，膏药；v.涂以灰泥，敷以膏药，使...平

参考例句：

• He mixed up some plaster to repair the wall.他和了一些灰泥去补墙。
• She applied the plaster on his shoulder.她将膏药贴在他的膀子上。

9 amazed   

adj.吃惊的，惊奇的v.使大为吃惊，使惊奇( amaze的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Just the size of the place amazed her. 仅仅地方之大就使她十分惊奇。
• I was amazed at her knowledge of French literature. 她的法国文学知识之丰富使我大为惊奇。