英国学生科学读本 第15期:雪花

 　　Lesson 15 SNOW-FLAKES¹

　　第十五课 雪花

　　What is this white stuff like little feathers which is falling from the sky? We call it snow. If we could catch some of the flakes of snow on a piece of black cloth and look at them, they would look like this.

　　天上那种白白的, 像小羽毛一样飘落下来的东西是什么? 我们叫它“雪”, 英语叫snow。要是拿一块黑布接住点儿雪花, 仔细看, 就应该像这个样子。

　　Their shapes are very pretty. Each little snow-flake is in the shape of a star with six points. The large flakes are made up of many of these stars.

　　雪花的形状是很漂亮的。每一片小雪花, 都是六角星的形状。大雪花, 就是很多这种小星星聚在一块儿。

　　Where does the snow come from? It comes from the clouds. And what is it made of? Let us put some snow in a cup, and place it near the fire. Then we shall see. The snow will soon melt, and we shall find that the cup is half full of water.

　　雪是从哪儿来的呢? 是从云里来的。雪是什么做的呢? 咱们在杯子里盛点儿雪, 放在火旁边, 然后就会知道了。雪很快就会融化, 我们会看见, 杯子里盛了半杯水。

　　Snow, then, is made of water. On warm days, water falls from the clouds in drops, and we call it rain. But when it is very cold, the water comes down in the form of snow.

　　所以, 雪是水做的。天气暖和的时候, 从云里落下来的是水, 我们管它叫“雨”。但是, 天气寒冷的时候, 落下来的水就变成了雪。

　　If we take some snow and squeeze it hard, all the little flakes or crystals will stick together in a ball. It is great fun to throw these snow-balls at one another; but we must be careful not to hurt any one, for a well-thrown snowball gives a hard blow.

　　拿点儿雪使劲挤一挤, 这些小雪花, 或者小小的晶体, 就都会黏在一块儿, 变成一个球。把这些雪球扔来扔去, 可好玩了！不过, 我们一定要小心, 不要伤到人, 因为使劲扔出去的雪球, 打到人身上是很痛的。

　　On the tops of very high mountains, and in very cold countries, there is so much snow that it lies on the ground all the year round. Even the heat of summer is not able to melt it. SNOW-SHOES（雪鞋）

　　在高高的山顶上, 在一些寒冷的国家, 有很多的雪, 一年到头都堆在地上不化, 就连夏天的热度, 也熔化不了。

　　In these lands, when the snow is deep, it is very hard to walk through it. People then tie large flat frames, called snow-shoes, under their feet, so that they may not sink in the snow.

　　在这些地方, 如果雪非常深, 想走过雪地会特别困难。人们就把又大又平的框架绑在脚下面, 这样就不会陷进雪里去了。这种框架叫雪鞋, 也叫踏雪板（snow-shoes）。

　　In these cold lands people do not use carts with wheels. Instead of wheels, the carts have flat pieces of wood or iron, which slide along on the top of the snow.

　　这些寒冷的地方, 人们是不用带轮子的车的。这些地方的车, 装着木头或者铁的平板, 就用这些平板, 在雪地上面滑行。

　　These carts or carriages are called sledges³ or sleighs. Would you not like to go for a ride on a sledge², over the snow, on a cold winter's day?

　　这些平板车, 或者带车厢的车, 就叫做雪橇（sledge或sleigh ）。小朋友, 在寒冷的冬天, 你喜欢坐着雪橇在雪上跑吗?

　　It is great fun, too, to slide down the hills when they are covered with snow. We must get a large flat piece of wood, or a small sled. Then we sit or lie down on it and push ourselves off, and away We go

　　从盖着雪的山上往下滑, 也特别好玩！我们要先拿上一大块平的木板, 或者一只小雪橇, 坐在上面或者躺在上面, 把雪橇推下山坡, 咱们就开始滑吧！

　　Here is a picture of some boys and girls sliding down the snowy hills in Canada. They do not mind if they tumble⁴ off, for the snow is soft, and a fall does not hurt them.

　　这幅画, 画的就是男孩女孩们在加拿大的雪山上往下滑。他们也不怕翻倒, 因为雪是很软的, 摔倒了也不会受伤。

1 flakes   

小薄片( flake的名词复数 )； （尤指）碎片； 雪花； 古怪的人

参考例句：

• It's snowing in great flakes. 天下着鹅毛大雪。
• It is snowing in great flakes. 正值大雪纷飞。

2 sledge   

n.雪橇，大锤；v.用雪橇搬运，坐雪橇往

参考例句：

• The sledge gained momentum as it ran down the hill.雪橇从山上下冲时的动力越来越大。
• The sledge slid across the snow as lightly as a boat on the water.雪橇在雪原上轻巧地滑行，就象船在水上行驶一样。

3 sledges   

n.雪橇，雪车( sledge的名词复数 )v.乘雪橇( sledge的第三人称单数 )；用雪橇运载

参考例句：

• Sledges run well over frozen snow. 雪橇在冻硬了的雪上顺利滑行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They used picks and sledges to break the rocks. 他们用[镐和撬]来打碎这些岩石。 来自互联网

4 tumble   

vi.跌倒，摔下，翻滚，暴跌；n.跌(摔)倒

参考例句：

• Children tumble over each other in play.孩子们玩耍时相互连身翻滚。
• He took a tumble down the stairs.他摔下了楼梯。