英国学生科学读本 第90期:结实的橡树(1)

 　　Lesson 90 The Sturdy Oak 第90课 结实的橡树

　　The oak is one of the finest and most useful of all our forest trees. 在所有森林树种之中, 橡树是最为优良、最为有用的一种树木。

　　Its height sometimes exceeds sixty feet, while the girth, or distance round the trunk, is often more than twenty feet. 它的高度有时候可以超过六十英尺, 而其周长——也就是树干一圈的长度——则能够达到二十英尺之多。

　　Its roots extend under the ground around the tree nearly as far as its branches extend above ground, 地下的树根在树木周围延伸的长度几乎等同于树枝向上伸展的长度,

　　so that an oak-tree is very seldom blown down by the wind. 因此, 橡树很少会被大风吹倒。

　　It is easy to know the oak from all other trees by the size and shape of its leaves, which are oblong,  我们可以根据叶子的大小和形状轻松地从树丛中找到橡树,

　　about three or four inches in length, and have irregular edges. 因为这是一种三到四英寸长且带有不规则边缘的长圆形树叶。

　　Each leaf has a short stalk; and if you hold a leaf up to the light, you will see that it is net-veined—that is, its veins¹ cross each other, 每片叶子都带有一个短柄；将树叶朝向亮光, 就会发现它具备网状脉结构, 也就是说叶脉彼此交叉。

　　and are not parallel like those of the leaves of grasses, or of the snowdrop or hyacinth. 这与野草、雪花莲或者风信子的叶子结构很不相同, 它们的叶脉是“平行脉”。

　　As winter approaches, the leaves turn brown and drop off the oak-tree. 随着冬天的到来, 橡树的叶子变成褐色, 从树上掉落。

　　When the tree is bare, we can see its rough, rugged² bark and its large twisted branches. 当树叶全部掉落之后, 我们就能够看到粗糙的树皮以及分杈的大树枝。

　　In the spring the leaves grow again, and in April or May little clusters of small greenish flowers appear. 到了春季, 橡树又会重新长出树叶, 而四月或五月时分就会出现一小簇一小簇的绿色花朵。

　　Soon the flowers drop off, and the fruit takes their place. 很快, 花朵凋谢, 果实长了出来。

　　The fruit of the oak is a small brown nut, which is called an acorn³.  橡树的果实是一种棕色的小坚果, 名叫橡子。

　　Each acorn grows in a little cup. 每个橡子都生长在一个小的杯状结构之中,

1 veins   

n.纹理；矿脉( vein的名词复数 )；静脉；叶脉；纹理

参考例句：

• The blood flows from the capillaries back into the veins. 血从毛细血管流回静脉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I felt a pleasant glow in all my veins from the wine. 喝过酒后我浑身的血都热烘烘的，感到很舒服。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 rugged   

adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的

参考例句：

• Football players must be rugged.足球运动员必须健壮。
• The Rocky Mountains have rugged mountains and roads.落基山脉有崇山峻岭和崎岖不平的道路。

3 acorn   

n.橡实，橡子

参考例句：

• The oak is implicit in the acorn.橡树孕育于橡子之中。
• The tree grew from a small acorn.橡树从一粒小橡子生长而来。