万物简史 第87期:敲石头的人们(9)

 Then there was Dr. James Parkinson, who was also an early socialist¹ and author of many provocative² pamphlets with titles like "Revolution without Bloodshed." In 1794, he was implicated³ in a faintly lunatic-sounding conspiracy⁴ called "the Pop-gun Plot," in which it was planned to shoot King George III in the neck with a poisoned dart⁵ as he sat in his box at the theater. Parkinson was hauled before the Privy⁶ Council for questioning and came within an ace⁷ of being dispatched in irons to Australia before the charges against him were quietly dropped. Adopting a more conservative approach to life, he developed an interest in geology and became one of the founding members of the Geological Society and the author of an important geological text, Organic Remains⁸ of a Former World, which remained in print for half a century. He never caused trouble again.

再就是詹姆斯·帕金森博士，他还是早期的社会主义者，写过许多富有鼓动性的小册子，比如《不流血的革命》。1794年，发生了一次听上去有点儿发疯的阴谋，叫做"玩具气枪计划"，有人打算趁国王乔治三世在剧院包厢里看戏的机会用带毒的飞镖射中他的脖子。帕金森跟这件事有牵连，被带到枢密院进行盘问，差一点给戴上镣铐发配到澳大利亚。但是，对他的指控后来不了了之。他渐渐对生活采取比较保守的态度，并开始对地质学产生了兴趣，最终成为地质学会的创始人之一和一部重要的地质学作品《上个世界的有机遗骸》的作者。有半个世纪时间，这本书不停地印刷。他再也没有制造过麻烦。

Today, however, we remember him for his landmark⁹ study of the affliction then called the "shaking palsy," but known ever since as Parkinson's disease. (Parkinson had one other slight claim to fame. In 1785, he became possibly the only person in history to win a natural history museum in a raffle¹⁰. The museum, in London's Leicester Square, had been founded by Sir Ashton Lever, who had driven himself bankrupt with his unrestrained collecting of natural wonders. Parkinson kept the museum until 1805, when he could no longer support it and the collection was broken up and sold.)

然而，今天我们所以记得他，是因为他对一种疾病的具有划时代意义的研究。这种疾病在当时被称之为"震颤性麻痹"，但之后一直被叫做帕金森综合征。（帕金森在另一个方面也稍有名气。1785年，他很可能成了历史上独一无二的人，在一次兑奖销售活动中赢得一个自然史博物馆。这家博物馆位于伦敦的莱斯特广场，原本是阿什顿·利弗建立的，但利弗无节制地搜集自然宝物，最后搞得倾家荡产。帕金森将这个博物馆保留到1805年，再也维持不下去，便把收藏品拆卖了。）

1 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

2 provocative   

adj.挑衅的，煽动的，刺激的，挑逗的

参考例句：

• She wore a very provocative dress.她穿了一件非常性感的裙子。
• His provocative words only fueled the argument further.他的挑衅性讲话只能使争论进一步激化。

3 implicated   

adj.密切关联的；牵涉其中的

参考例句：

• These groups are very strongly implicated in the violence. 这些组织与这起暴力事件有着极大的关联。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Having the stolen goods in his possession implicated him in the robbery. 因藏有赃物使他涉有偷盗的嫌疑。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

4 conspiracy   

n.阴谋，密谋，共谋

参考例句：

• The men were found guilty of conspiracy to murder.这些人被裁决犯有阴谋杀人罪。
• He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him.他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。

5 dart   

v.猛冲，投掷；n.飞镖，猛冲

参考例句：

• The child made a sudden dart across the road.那小孩突然冲过马路。
• Markov died after being struck by a poison dart.马尔科夫身中毒镖而亡。

6 privy   

adj.私用的；隐密的

参考例句：

• Only three people,including a policeman,will be privy to the facts.只会允许3个人，其中包括一名警察，了解这些内情。
• Very few of them were privy to the details of the conspiracy.他们中很少有人知道这一阴谋的详情。

7 ace   

n.A牌；发球得分；佼佼者；adj.杰出的

参考例句：

• A good negotiator always has more than one ace in the hole.谈判高手总有数张王牌在手。
• He is an ace mechanic.He can repair any cars.他是一流的机械师,什么车都会修。

8 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

9 landmark   

n.陆标，划时代的事，地界标

参考例句：

• The Russian Revolution represents a landmark in world history.俄国革命是世界历史上的一个里程碑。
• The tower was once a landmark for ships.这座塔曾是船只的陆标。

10 raffle   

n.废物，垃圾，抽奖售卖；v.以抽彩出售

参考例句：

• The money was raised by the sale of raffle tickets.这笔款子是通过出售购物彩券筹集的。
• He won a car in the raffle.他在兑奖售物活动中赢得了一辆汽车。