万物简史 第116期:势不两立的科学(17)

 Owen was not an attractive person, in appearance or in temperament¹. A photograph from his late middle years shows him as gaunt and sinister², like the villain³ in a Victorian melodrama⁴, with long, lank⁵ hair and bulging⁶ eyes—a face to frighten babies. In manner he was cold and imperious, and he was without scruple⁷ in the furtherance of his ambitions. He was the only person Charles Darwin was ever known to hate. Even Owen's son (who soon after killed himself) referred to his father's "lamentable⁸ coldness of heart."

欧文并不是个很有魅力的人，无论在外表上还是脾性上。在一张中年的照片上，他看上去又瘦削又阴险，长着又长又直的头发，眼睛向外鼓出，活像维多利亚时代情节剧里的坏蛋——有一张可以用来吓唬小孩子的脸。在举止方面，他又冷漠又傲慢，无所顾忌地实现他的雄心壮志。据知，查尔斯·达尔文惟一讨厌的人就是他。连欧文的儿子（他没过多久就自杀了）也提到他父亲的“可悲的冷酷之心”。

His undoubted gifts as an anatomist allowed him to get away with the most barefaced⁹ dishonesties. In 1857, the naturalist¹⁰ T. H. Huxley was leafing through a new edition of Churchill's Medical Directory when he noticed that Owen was listed as Professor of Comparative Anatomy¹¹ and Physiology¹² at the Government School of Mines, which rather surprised Huxley as that was the position he held. Upon inquiring how Churchill's had made such an elemental error, he was told that the information had been provided to them by Dr. Owen himself.

作为解剖学家，他的才华是毋庸置疑的，因此他能做出最不要脸的坏事而又不受人指责。1857年，博物学家T.H.赫胥黎在翻阅一本新版的《丘吉尔医学指南》时，突然注意到欧文被列为政府采矿学院的比较解剖学和生理学教授，他感到相当吃惊，因为这正是达尔文现在拥有的职位。当他询问这本指南怎么会犯这么低级的错误时，他被告知那个信息是欧文博士本人提供的。

A fellow naturalist named Hugh Falconer, meanwhile, caught Owen taking credit for one of his discoveries. Others accused him of borrowing specimens¹³, then denying he had done so. Owen even fell into a bitter dispute with the Queen's dentist over the credit for a theory concerning the physiology of teeth.

同时，有一位跟欧文一起工作的、名叫休·福尔克纳的博物学家当场揭穿欧文把他的一项发现归功于自己。别人还指责他盗用标本，后来又否认他这么干过。欧文甚至为了一个有关牙齿生理学理论的功劳与女王的牙科医生发生激烈的争吵。

1 temperament   

n.气质，性格，性情

参考例句：

• The analysis of what kind of temperament you possess is vital.分析一下你有什么样的气质是十分重要的。
• Success often depends on temperament.成功常常取决于一个人的性格。

2 sinister   

adj.不吉利的，凶恶的，左边的

参考例句：

• There is something sinister at the back of that series of crimes.在这一系列罪行背后有险恶的阴谋。
• Their proposals are all worthless and designed out of sinister motives.他们的建议不仅一钱不值，而且包藏祸心。

3 villain   

n.反派演员，反面人物；恶棍；问题的起因

参考例句：

• He was cast as the villain in the play.他在戏里扮演反面角色。
• The man who played the villain acted very well.扮演恶棍的那个男演员演得很好。

4 melodrama   

n.音乐剧；情节剧

参考例句：

• We really don't need all this ridiculous melodrama!别跟我们来这套荒唐的情节剧表演！
• White Haired Woman was a melodrama,but in certain spots it was deliberately funny.《白毛女》是一出悲剧性的歌剧，但也有不少插科打诨。

5 lank   

adj.瘦削的；稀疏的

参考例句：

• He rose to lank height and grasped Billy McMahan's hand.他瘦削的身躯站了起来，紧紧地握住比利·麦默恩的手。
• The old man has lank hair.那位老人头发稀疏

6 bulging   

膨胀； 凸出（部）； 打气； 折皱

参考例句：

• Her pockets were bulging with presents. 她的口袋里装满了礼物。
• Conscious of the bulging red folder, Nim told her,"Ask if it's important." 尼姆想到那个鼓鼓囊囊的红色文件夹便告诉她：“问问是不是重要的事。”

7 scruple   

n./v.顾忌，迟疑

参考例句：

• It'seemed to her now that she could marry him without the remnant of a scruple.她觉得现在她可以跟他成婚而不需要有任何顾忌。
• He makes no scruple to tell a lie.他说起谎来无所顾忌。

8 lamentable   

adj.令人惋惜的，悔恨的

参考例句：

• This lamentable state of affairs lasted until 1947.这一令人遗憾的事态一直持续至1947年。
• His practice of inebriation was lamentable.他的酗酒常闹得别人束手无策。

9 barefaced   

adj.厚颜无耻的，公然的

参考例句：

• It's barefaced robbery asking such a high price for that old bicycle!那辆旧自行车要价如此之高真是无耻的敲诈。
• What barefaced cheek!真是厚颜无耻！

10 naturalist   

n.博物学家(尤指直接观察动植物者)

参考例句：

• He was a printer by trade and naturalist by avocation.他从事印刷业，同时是个博物学爱好者。
• The naturalist told us many stories about birds.博物学家给我们讲述了许多有关鸟儿的故事。

11 anatomy   

n.解剖学，解剖；功能，结构，组织

参考例句：

• He found out a great deal about the anatomy of animals.在动物解剖学方面，他有过许多发现。
• The hurricane's anatomy was powerful and complex.对飓风的剖析是一项庞大而复杂的工作。

12 physiology   

n.生理学，生理机能

参考例句：

• He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
• He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。

13 specimens   

n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人

参考例句：

• Astronauts have brought back specimens of rock from the moon. 宇航员从月球带回了岩石标本。
• The traveler brought back some specimens of the rocks from the mountains. 那位旅行者从山上带回了一些岩石标本。 来自《简明英汉词典》