双语有声阅读:Understanding Anxiety Disorders "躁"化弄人

Understanding Anxiety Disorders² "躁"化弄人

Anxiety disorders are the most widespread of emotional disorders. They affect millions of people every year, and cause their victims to suffer from tremendous worry and nervousness for no apparent reason. Clues as to why anxiety disorders develop can be found in one's genes³, psychological make-up, life experiences, or biochemical changes in the brain.

Anxiety disorders come in many shapes and forms. People with panic disorder¹ have chronic⁴, unexpected, and repeated panic attacks where they feel an overwhelming sense of being in danger. Sufferers of generalized anxiety disorder have persistent⁵ and exaggerated worries and constantly expect disaster. Those with obsessive-compulsive disorder have unreasonable⁶ fears that they try to deal with through repetitive, ritualized activities such as hand washing. A phobia is an irrational⁷ and uncontrollable fear of a specific thing, while post-traumatic stress disorder occurs after a terrifying event and causes its victims to have flashbacks or frightening thoughts of the incident. 

Although anxiety disorders are devastating⁸ to the sufferer and damaging to his or her relationships with loved ones, there is some good news. People afflicted⁹ with anxiety disorders can get treatment, and the treatment is generally effective.

Treatments for different anxiety disorders range from medication, including antidepressants and antianxiety drugs; to psychotherapy, including cognitive-behavioral therapy; to relaxation¹⁰ techniques and biofeedback. The majority of patients report significant relief after receiving help.

忧郁症是最普遍的一种情绪失调。它每年都会困扰无数的人，患者无缘无故感到极度焦虑和紧张。忧郁症发病的原因可从一个人的基因、心理素质、生活经历或脑内的生化改变中找到线索。

忧郁症的表现多种多样。患有恐慌症的人，一旦感到自己身处危险之中，就会长时间反复地感到恐慌。综合型忧郁症患者则时时过分焦虑，刻刻杞人忧天。强迫症患者则会有难以理解的恐惧，会通过习惯性的动作来排除不安情绪，如洗手。恐俱症是指对某种特定事物怀有非理性并且难以控制的恐惧。还有创伤后精神的紧张不适，患者在遭遇过一次可怕的事件后，脑子里会不时地出现过去的那件事，而且一想起来就害怕。

忧郁症非但会对患者本身造成伤害，还会危及他（她）与亲密伴侣间的关系。但还是有些好消息的，忧郁症患者可以接受治疗，而且疗效一般不错。

针对不同的忧郁症患者，治疗的方法从药物治疗（包括抗忧郁、抗焦虑药物）、精神疗法（包括认知行为疗法）， 到放松技巧及生物反馈不等。大部分的病人反映，经过治疗，症状都有明显的缓解
 

1 disorder   

n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调

参考例句：

• When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
• It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。

2 disorders   

n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调

参考例句：

• Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 genes   

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪

4 chronic   

adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的

参考例句：

• Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
• Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

5 persistent   

adj.坚持不懈的，执意的；持续的

参考例句：

• Albert had a persistent headache that lasted for three days.艾伯特连续头痛了三天。
• She felt embarrassed by his persistent attentions.他不时地向她大献殷勤，使她很难为情。

6 unreasonable   

adj.不讲道理的，不合情理的，过度的

参考例句：

• I know that they made the most unreasonable demands on you.我知道他们对你提出了最不合理的要求。
• They spend an unreasonable amount of money on clothes.他们花在衣服上的钱太多了。

7 irrational   

adj.无理性的，失去理性的

参考例句：

• After taking the drug she became completely irrational.她在吸毒后变得完全失去了理性。
• There are also signs of irrational exuberance among some investors.在某些投资者中是存在非理性繁荣的征象的。

8 devastating   

adj.毁灭性的，令人震惊的，强有力的

参考例句：

• It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。
• Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriages.婚外情确实会对婚姻造成毁灭性的影响。

9 afflicted   

使受痛苦，折磨( afflict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• About 40% of the country's population is afflicted with the disease. 全国40%左右的人口患有这种疾病。
• A terrible restlessness that was like to hunger afflicted Martin Eden. 一阵可怕的、跟饥饿差不多的不安情绪折磨着马丁·伊登。

10 relaxation   

n.松弛，放松；休息；消遣；娱乐

参考例句：

• The minister has consistently opposed any relaxation in the law.部长一向反对法律上的任何放宽。
• She listens to classical music for relaxation.她听古典音乐放松。