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VOA双语新闻 - 心脏搭桥术使用人造血管的前景

时间:2011-06-02 06:45来源:互联网 提供网友:jackdj21   字体: [ ]
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   Scientists say they have successfully tested artificial blood vessels2 grown in the laboratory.

  In a heart bypass operation, surgeons typically remove a vein3 from a patient's leg and use it to replace blocked arteries4 that feed the muscles of the heart. But what if, instead of cutting open the patient's leg, the surgeon used an artificial blood vessel1 that has been sitting in a hospital refrigerator? The new research suggests that day may soon come.
  外科医生在心脏搭桥手术中的典型做法,是从病人的腿上取下一截静脉血管,来代替原来为心肌输送血液、但是被堵塞的动脉血管。但是,如果医生不是从病人腿上取血管,而是从冰箱里拿一根人造血管使用,结果如何?
  The artificial blood vessels are made by coating a biodegradable, plastic mesh5 tube with human or animal muscle cells. The cells produce a protein structure shaped like the plastic tube, which dissolves.
  这种血管是在能进行生物分解的塑料网管线上涂一层人类或动物的肌肉细胞。这些细胞产生出和塑料管同样形状的蛋白结构,而塑料管则分解了。
  Shannon Dahl is co-founder of Humacyte, the North Carolina company that developed the artificial blood vessel. She explains that the next step is washing away the original muscle cells.
  这项技术是北卡罗来纳州休马西特公司研发的。这家公司的共同创办人香农·达尔解释说,下一步是把原先涂上的肌肉细胞洗掉。
  "So that what we're left with - the bioengineered vein - is just the proteins that the cell secreted6. This protein structure, the bioengineered vein, can be used in any human patient because the immunogenic part, the cells, have been removed," Dahl says.
  她说:“因此我们最后留下来的,是生物工程血管,也就是这些细胞分泌的蛋白质。这些蛋白结构,也就是生物工程血管可以用在任何病人身上,因为具有免疫原性的细胞已经被除掉了。”
  The material is considered immunogenic since the protein structure won't be recognized by the recipient7 as foreign material.
  除掉免疫原性,就是指这种蛋白结构不会被排斥,因为接受移植的身体不会辨认出它是外来物质。
  The artificial grafts8 resist bursting and tearing in lab tests, but the real question is how they perform when used on an actual patient.
  这种人工血管在试验中可以防爆和防裂。但问题是,用在病人体内时,情况如何。
  The research team implanted artificial vessels into a number of animals, doing heart bypass and other procedures. Alan Kypson, a surgeon at East Carolina University, did some of the implants9. A year later, the blood vessels were still performing well.
  研究小组将人造血管用在几种动物搭桥手术和其它手术中。东卡罗来纳大学外科医生阿兰·吉普森说,手术一年之后,这些血管仍旧正常。
  "It looked very similar, almost identical to the way it looked a year prior," Kypson says. "It didn't show any evidence of dilating10 or enlarging or calcifying11. And they were open, most importantly. They were patent, meaning there was no obstruction12 to blood flow in these bypasses."
  “这些血管看来和一年前的样子几乎完全相同,没有显出任何扩张、变大或是钙化的情形。最重要的是,它们保持畅通。在搭桥部分,血液通行无阻。”
  According to Kypson, the artificial blood vessel would have advantages in heart bypass surgery because it doesn't require removal of a vein from a patient's leg. That means less time on the operating table, less chance of infection, and less pain for the patient.
  吉普森说,人造血管在心脏搭桥手术上有很多优点,因为不需要从病人腿上取血管了。这意味着,病人在手术台上的时间可以缩短。感染的可能性减少了,疼痛也减少了。

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 vessel 4L1zi     
n.船舶;容器,器皿;管,导管,血管
参考例句:
  • The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
  • You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。
2 vessels fc9307c2593b522954eadb3ee6c57480     
n.血管( vessel的名词复数 );船;容器;(具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的)人
参考例句:
  • The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
3 vein fi9w0     
n.血管,静脉;叶脉,纹理;情绪;vt.使成脉络
参考例句:
  • The girl is not in the vein for singing today.那女孩今天没有心情唱歌。
  • The doctor injects glucose into the patient's vein.医生把葡萄糖注射入病人的静脉。
4 arteries 821b60db0d5e4edc87fdf5fc263ba3f5     
n.动脉( artery的名词复数 );干线,要道
参考例句:
  • Even grafting new blood vessels in place of the diseased coronary arteries has been tried. 甚至移植新血管代替不健康的冠状动脉的方法都已经试过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This is the place where the three main arteries of West London traffic met. 这就是伦敦西部三条主要交通干线的交汇处。 来自《简明英汉词典》
5 mesh cC1xJ     
n.网孔,网丝,陷阱;vt.以网捕捉,啮合,匹配;vi.适合; [计算机]网络
参考例句:
  • Their characters just don't mesh.他们的性格就是合不来。
  • This is the net having half inch mesh.这是有半英寸网眼的网。
6 secreted a4714b3ddc8420a17efed0cdc6ce32bb     
v.(尤指动物或植物器官)分泌( secrete的过去式和过去分词 );隐匿,隐藏
参考例句:
  • Insulin is secreted by the pancreas. 胰岛素是胰腺分泌的。
  • He secreted his winnings in a drawer. 他把赢来的钱藏在抽届里。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 recipient QA8zF     
a.接受的,感受性强的 n.接受者,感受者,容器
参考例句:
  • Please check that you have a valid email certificate for each recipient. 请检查是否对每个接收者都有有效的电子邮件证书。
  • Colombia is the biggest U . S aid recipient in Latin America. 哥伦比亚是美国在拉丁美洲最大的援助对象。
8 grafts acb4d221b27075a2e8300f0d66dc63f5     
移植( graft的名词复数 ); 行贿; 接穗; 行贿得到的利益
参考例句:
  • He's gone to London for skin grafts on his thighs. 他去伦敦做大腿植皮手术了。
  • Her burns were treated with skin grafts. 她的烧伤是用植皮方法进行治疗的。
9 implants c10b91e33a66c4b5cba3b091fcdfe0ac     
n.(植入身体中的)移植物( implant的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Hormone implants are used as growth boosters. 激素植入物被用作生长辅助剂。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Perhaps the most far-reaching project is an initiative called Living Implants From Engineering (LIFE). 也许最具深远意义的项目,是刚刚启动的建造活体移植工程 (LIFE)。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 医学的第四次革命
10 dilating 650b63aa5fe0e80f6e53759e79ee96ff     
v.(使某物)扩大,膨胀,张大( dilate的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • Compliance is the dilating extent of elastic tissue below pressure. 顺应性是指外力作用下弹性组织的可扩张性。 来自互联网
  • For dilating the bearing life, bearing should keep lubricative well. 为延长轴承寿命,轴承应保持良好的润滑状态。 来自互联网
11 calcifying 467cdd359db4ba20e83a1b212f4ecdd0     
v.(使)钙化,(使)硬化( calcify的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • Methods 48 cases of calcifying epithelioma were retrospectively studied by analyzing the cytological characteristics pathological findings. 方法对48例钙化上皮瘤患者的细针针吸活组织检查细胞学特点进行回顾性分析。 来自互联网
12 obstruction HRrzR     
n.阻塞,堵塞;障碍物
参考例句:
  • She was charged with obstruction of a police officer in the execution of his duty.她被指控妨碍警察执行任务。
  • The road was cleared from obstruction.那条路已被清除了障碍。
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