侏罗纪搏击俱乐部 第159期:唯一需要冬眠的恐龙

 　　The horn of the Pachyrhinosaurus could have been as long as a meter.

　　肿鼻角龙的角可能有一米长。

　　Many paleontologists think it was shaped like a rhinoceros¹ horn, but much larger.

　　很多古生物学家们认为它的形状和犀牛角相仿，但要大得多。

　　The test of fighting skills between the tyrant² dinosaurs⁴, like Albertosaurus on one hand, and the horned dinosaurs, like Pachyrhinosaurus at the other, that's a test of the extremes for the meat eaters and the plant eaters.

　　格斗技巧的测试，一边是一种暴龙，比如说阿尔伯特龙，另一边是有角恐龙比如说肿鼻角龙，这就是肉食动物跟植食动物之间的终极考验。

　　The Tyrannosaurs are built to kill, they're built to kill in a particular way: to come in with high speed, to come in with these super powerful jaws⁵ that can clamp, lock on and tear.

　　暴龙天生要进行杀戮，它们的构造是用来以特定方式猎杀，高速靠近猎物，用它们超级有力的巨颌钳住、咬紧并进行撕扯。

　　But on the flip⁶ side, the horned dinosaurs have the power of numbers, the power to operate in herds⁷, these cranial weapons whether they're horns or lumps, they survived against the tyrant dinosaurs pretty well.

　　不过另一方面有角的恐龙有数量优势，能够成群协作，这些不管是角还是鼓包的头部武器，它们对抗暴龙生活得还不错。

　　The Pachyrhinosaurus is one of the few dinosaurs found in the Arctic.

　　肿鼻角龙是在北极发现的少数恐龙之一。

　　The Timimus was found in Australia which had once been connected to Antarctica.

　　在澳大利亚找到了似提姆龙，澳大利亚曾经与南极洲相连。

　　This tiny biped may have been the only hibernating⁸ dinosaur³.

　　这种小型两足恐龙可能是唯一冬眠的恐龙。

　　It's possible that these animals formed into groups to protect themselves against attacks as some large groups of mammals do today.

　　这些动物可能会聚集成群，来防止遭到攻击，就像今天有些大群的哺乳动物做的一样。

　　The predators⁹ will catch the weaker ones, the laggards¹⁰, they will grab off individuals in the periphery¹¹ of the group.

　　掠食者会捕捉体弱和落在后面的，它们会从兽群边缘抢走个体。

　　But the group as a whole is going to survive and this is one big advantage of the gregarious¹² nature of a lot of animals including these dinosaurs.

　　不过整个群体能够生存下来这是群居动物的一个巨大优势，很多动物都有群居习性也包括这些恐龙。

　　Another cold weather dinosaur was Leaellynasaura whose huge eyes could see in the dark.

　　另一种在寒冷气候生存的恐龙是雷利诺龙，其巨大的双眼在黑暗中也能看到。

　　We're faced with a very difficult task when trying to understand creatures that lived 70 million years ago.

　　我们面对的任务非常困难，我们要了解的是七千万年前的生物。

　　Behavior doesn't fossilize like bone, and so we have to look at modern animals as a way to understand how dinosaurs may have behaved.

　　行为不会变成化石流传，所以我们要观察现代动物，以此来了解恐龙可能的行为。

　　By looking closely at the evidence we do have, and by studying modern animal behaviors, we can recreate a very realistic depiction¹³ based on fact and solid science.

　　但是通过仔细研究我们现有的证据和现代动物的行为，以事实和实实在在的科学为基础，我们能重现非常真实的画面。

　　Albertosaurus hunted like eagles, using their feet to hold down prey¹⁴ and their sharp eyes to spot victims up to three miles away.

　　阿尔伯特龙像老鹰一样猎食，用脚将猎物按住，它们敏锐的双眼能发现远在3英里外的猎物。

　　How did they push an entire pack of arctic dinosaurs into a flash flood?

　　它们是如何将整群北极恐龙赶进激流中的呢？

　　And what did this mean for the ultimate extinction¹⁵ of this rare creature?

　　这对这种稀有生物的最终灭绝又意味着什么呢？

　　Scientists struggled to piece together evidence that had been buried for 75 million years.

　　科学家们殚心竭力地要将埋藏了七千五百万年的证据拼接起来。

1 rhinoceros   

n.犀牛

参考例句：

• The rhinoceros has one horn on its nose.犀牛鼻子上有一个角。
• The body of the rhinoceros likes a cattle and the head likes a triangle.犀牛的形体像牛，头呈三角形。

2 tyrant   

n.暴君，专制的君主，残暴的人

参考例句：

• The country was ruled by a despotic tyrant.该国处在一个专制暴君的统治之下。
• The tyrant was deaf to the entreaties of the slaves.暴君听不到奴隶们的哀鸣。

3 dinosaur   

n.恐龙

参考例句：

• Are you trying to tell me that David was attacked by a dinosaur?你是想要告诉我大卫被一支恐龙所攻击？
• He stared at the faithful miniature of the dinosaur.他凝视著精确的恐龙缩小模型。

4 dinosaurs   

n.恐龙( dinosaur的名词复数 )；守旧落伍的人，过时落后的东西

参考例句：

• The brontosaurus was one of the largest of all dinosaurs. 雷龙是所有恐龙中最大的一种。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years. 恐龙绝种已有几百万年了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 jaws   

n.口部；嘴

参考例句：

• The antelope could not escape the crocodile's gaping jaws. 那只羚羊无法从鱷鱼张开的大口中逃脱。
• The scored jaws of a vise help it bite the work. 台钳上有刻痕的虎钳牙帮助它紧咬住工件。

6 flip   

vt.快速翻动；轻抛；轻拍；n.轻抛；adj.轻浮的

参考例句：

• I had a quick flip through the book and it looked very interesting.我很快翻阅了一下那本书，看来似乎很有趣。
• Let's flip a coin to see who pays the bill.咱们来抛硬币决定谁付钱。

7 herds   

兽群( herd的名词复数 )； 牧群； 人群； 群众

参考例句：

• Regularly at daybreak they drive their herds to the pasture. 每天天一亮他们就把牲畜赶到草场上去。
• There we saw herds of cows grazing on the pasture. 我们在那里看到一群群的牛在草地上吃草。

8 hibernating   

（某些动物）冬眠，蛰伏( hibernate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The hibernating animals reduce movement to far below the ordinary level. 冬眠的动物把活动量大大减少到低于一般的水平。
• People find hibernating animals asleep. 人们发现冬眠动物处于休眠状态。

9 predators   

n.食肉动物( predator的名词复数 )；奴役他人者（尤指在财务或性关系方面）

参考例句：

• birds and their earthbound predators 鸟和地面上捕食它们的动物
• The eyes of predators are highly sensitive to the slightest movement. 捕食性动物的眼睛能感觉到最细小的动静。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 laggards   

n.落后者( laggard的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• I would say the best students at Chengdu are no laggards. 依我看成都最优秀的学生绝不逊色。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The laggards include utilities and telecommunications, up about % and 12% respectively, to MSCI. 据摩根士丹利资本国际的数据，涨幅居后的包括公用事业和电信类股，分别涨了约%和12%。 来自互联网

11 periphery   

n.(圆体的)外面；周围

参考例句：

• Geographically, the UK is on the periphery of Europe.从地理位置上讲，英国处于欧洲边缘。
• The periphery of the retina is very sensitive to motion.视网膜的外围对运动非常敏感。

12 gregarious   

adj.群居的，喜好群居的

参考例句：

• These animals are highly gregarious.这些动物非常喜欢群居。
• They are gregarious birds and feed in flocks.它们是群居鸟类，会集群觅食。

13 depiction   

n.描述

参考例句：

• Double rhythms, resounding through the lyric depiction and connecting with each other, indicate the thespian place of mankind and the cognition of the writer to this thespian place. 这双重旋律互为表里，表明了人类的某种悲剧性处境以及作家对这种悲剧性处境的感受和认识。
• A realistic depiction of scenes from everyday domestic life. 日常家居生活的写实画。

14 prey   

n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨

参考例句：

• Stronger animals prey on weaker ones.弱肉强食。
• The lion was hunting for its prey.狮子在寻找猎物。

15 extinction   

n.熄灭，消亡，消灭，灭绝，绝种

参考例句：

• The plant is now in danger of extinction.这种植物现在有绝种的危险。
• The island's way of life is doomed to extinction.这个岛上的生活方式注定要消失。