中英双语新闻 英国最高法院院长廖柏嘉宣读脱欧裁决结果

Today, by a majority of 8 to 3, the Supreme¹ Court rules that the government cannot trigger Article 50 without an Act of Parliament authorizing² it to do so. Put briefly³, the reasons given in a judgment⁴ written by all 8 justicers majority are as follows: Section 2 of the 1972 Act provides that whenever EU institutions make new laws, their new laws become part of UK law. The 1972 Act therefore makes EU law an independent source of UK law until Parliament decides otherwise. Therefore, when the UK withdraws from EU treaties, a source of UK law will be cut off. Further, certain rights enjoyed by UK citizens will be changed. Therefore, the government cannot trigger Article 50 without Parliament authorizing that course. We reject the government's argument that Section 2 caters⁵ for the possibility of the government withdrawing from the EU treaties.

There is a vital difference between changes in UK law resulting from changes in EU law. And those are authorized⁶ by Section 2. And changes in UK law resulting from withdraw from the EU treaties. Withdraw affects a fundamental change by cutting of the source of EU law as well as changing legal rights. The UK's constitutional arrangements require such changes to be clearly authorized by Parliament. And the 1972 Act does not do that. Indeed it has the opposite of fact. The referendum is of great political significance, but the Act of Parliament which established it did not say watch it happen as a result. So any changing in the law to give the effect of referendum must be made in the only way permitted by the UK constitution, namely, by an Act of Parliament. To proceed otherwise would be a breach⁷ of settled constitutional principles stretching back many centuries.

今天，根据3票支持、8票多数反对的投票结果，最高法院裁决：除非经议会授权，否则政府不能触发启动脱欧程序的《里斯本条约》第50条。简单来说，由占人数多数的8位法官做出此书面裁决的原因如下：1972年《欧洲共同体法案》第2节规定，每当欧盟组织制定了新法律，新法律将成为英国法律的一部分。因此，《欧洲共同体法案》使得欧盟法律成为英国法律一个独立的来源，除非议会另有决定。因此这意味着，如果英国从欧盟条约中退出，英国法律的一个来源将被砍掉。此外，英国公民享有的相应的权力也将发生改变。因此，除非议会批准，政府才能启动《里斯本条约》第50条。我们驳回政府的论点，认为《欧洲共同体法案》第2节迎合了政府退出欧盟条约的可能性。由《欧洲共同体法案》第2节授权的欧盟法律改变造成英国法律发生改变与英国退出欧盟组织造成英国法律发生改变有本质的区别。通过砍掉欧盟法律来源来退出欧盟条约将会给英国法律带来根本性改变，也会改变英国法律的权力。英国宪法体制规定，这样的改变只能通过议会的明确授权。1972年《欧洲共同体法案》没有规定政府可以直接改变英国法律。事实上，它规定的是相反的行为。全民公投同意脱欧有巨大的政治意义，但是，建立全民公投的议会法案没有说，眼睁睁看着改变发生，而把它作为最后的结果。因此，任何赋予全民公投法律效力的法律改变只能经由英国宪法的许可，即议会法案的许可。如果绕开议会批准改变英国法律，将会违反已建立的、可以追溯几百世纪的宪法准则。

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 authorizing   

授权，批准，委托( authorize的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Letters of Marque: Take letters from a warning friendly power authorizing privateering. 私掠许可证：从某一个国家获得合法抢劫的证书。
• Formal phavee completion does not include authorizing the subsequent phavee. 阶段的正式完成不包括核准随后的阶段。

3 briefly   

adv.简单地，简短地

参考例句：

• I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
• He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。

4 judgment   

n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见

参考例句：

• The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
• He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。

5 caters   

提供饮食及服务( cater的第三人称单数 )； 满足需要，适合

参考例句：

• That shop caters exclusively to the weaker sex. 那家商店专供妇女需要的商品。
• The boutique caters for a rather select clientele. 这家精品店为特定的顾客群服务。

6 authorized   

a.委任的，许可的

参考例句：

• An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。

7 breach   

n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破

参考例句：

• We won't have any breach of discipline.我们不允许任何破坏纪律的现象。
• He was sued for breach of contract.他因不履行合同而被起诉。