奥运知识—奥运项目介绍：曲棍球

 

About Hockey （Olympic sport since 1908）

　　Hockey is the oldest known ball and stick game. Records exist of it having been played in Persia in 2000 BC. In medieval Europe, pictures of men playing a game with hooked sticks appear on stained-glass windows at both the Canterbury and Gloucester cathedrals. It became so popular by the Middle Ages that it was banned in England for a time because it interfered¹ with the practice of archery, which was the basis for national defense². The name hockey probably derives³ from the French hocquet, or shepherd's crook⁴, and refers to the crooked⁵ stick.

India dominated the sport for three decades, winning all six Olympic gold medals and 30 consecutive⁶ games from 1928 to 1956. The first Balbir Singh, who was followed by four more players of the same name who also played for victorious⁷ Indian teams, scored five goals in a 6-1 gold-medal victory over the Netherlands at Helsinki in 1952. 

曲棍球概述（1908年成为奥运会正式比赛项目）
　　
　　曲棍球是使用带有弯头的木棍控制球的一种球类运动，是同类运动中历史最悠久的。据记载早在公元前2000年前的波斯就已经有了该运动，英国的坎特伯雷和格鲁赛斯特大教堂玻璃窗上都印有类似于现代曲棍球比赛的图像，中世纪时该项运动得到广泛普及，但是英国在那时过于重视作为国家防御基础的射箭项目，而将曲棍球运动终止了一段时间。曲棍球“hockey”的名字大概来源于法语中的“hocquet”，意识是“牧羊人的弯棍”，特指带弯头的木棍。

　　从1928年起至1956年，印度队以绝对优势连续获得6届奥运会曲棍球冠军，在该项目上称霸世界近30年。巴尔比尔-辛格带领着其他4名都叫辛格的印度人，在1952年赫尔辛基奥运会上以6：1的比分战胜了芬兰，夺取了金牌。

1 interfered   

v.干预( interfere的过去式和过去分词 )；调停；妨碍；干涉

参考例句：

• Complete absorption in sports interfered with his studies. 专注于运动妨碍了他的学业。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I am not going to be interfered with. 我不想别人干扰我的事情。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

3 derives   

v.得到( derive的第三人称单数 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取

参考例句：

• English derives in the main from the common Germanic stock. 英语主要源于日耳曼语系。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He derives his income from freelance work. 他以自由职业获取收入。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 crook   

v.使弯曲；n.小偷，骗子，贼；弯曲(处)

参考例句：

• He demanded an apology from me for calling him a crook.我骂他骗子，他要我向他认错。
• She was cradling a small parcel in the crook of her elbow.她用手臂挎着一个小包裹。

5 crooked   

adj.弯曲的；不诚实的，狡猾的，不正当的

参考例句：

• He crooked a finger to tell us to go over to him.他弯了弯手指，示意我们到他那儿去。
• You have to drive slowly on these crooked country roads.在这些弯弯曲曲的乡间小路上你得慢慢开车。

6 consecutive   

adj.连续的，联贯的，始终一贯的

参考例句：

• It has rained for four consecutive days.已连续下了四天雨。
• The policy of our Party is consecutive.我党的政策始终如一。

7 victorious   

adj.胜利的，得胜的

参考例句：

• We are certain to be victorious.我们定会胜利。
• The victorious army returned in triumph.获胜的部队凯旋而归。