运动休闲－肺癌患者中女性比男性存活几率更高

Women have a better chance of surviving lung cancer than men even when the cancer is untreated, a new research has found. The study was presented Tuesday at the annual meeting of the American College of Chest Physicians in Montreal, Canada.

Investigators¹ reviewed 18,967 cases of non-small-cell lung cancer and found that 54 percent of women survived five years after diagnosis², compared with 40 percent of men, according to the study. 

Even among untreated patients, women were 25 percent less likely to die of the disease than men. And women who were treated for the lung cancer with surgery and or chemotherapy were 30 percent less likely to die of the disease than men, the study showed.

The result probably means biological differences play a role in the disease and may affect clinical trial design and point to potential targets for new medicines, said lead researcher Juan P. Wisnivesky.

Many factors may play a role in this gender³ difference, Dr. Wisnivesky said, including smoking patterns (women tend to smoke less and inhale⁴ less deeply than men), the body's metabolism⁵ of carcinogens and the effects of female hormones⁶ like estrogen.

重点记忆词汇

Montreal  n.  （加拿大城市）蒙特利尔  　　gender  n. 性别
chemotherapy  n. 化学疗法             　　　 surgery  n. 外科手术
inhale  v. 吸入                       　　　　　　 metabolism  n. 新陈代谢
estrogen  n. 雌激素                   　　　　　 hormone  n. 荷尔蒙, 激素
carcinogen  n. 致癌物质

1 investigators   

n.调查者，审查者( investigator的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
• The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 diagnosis   

n.诊断，诊断结果，调查分析，判断

参考例句：

• His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。

3 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

4 inhale   

v.吸入(气体等)，吸(烟)

参考例句：

• Don't inhale dust into your lung.别把灰尘吸进肺里。
• They are pleased to not inhale second hand smoke.他们很高兴他们再也不会吸到二手烟了。

5 metabolism   

n.新陈代谢

参考例句：

• After years of dieting,Carol's metabolism was completely out of whack.经过数年的节食，卡罗尔的新陈代谢完全紊乱了。
• All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.生物都有新陈代谢。

6 hormones   

n. 荷尔蒙，激素 名词hormone的复数形式

参考例句：

• This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body. 这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
• The adrenals produce a large per cent of a man's sex hormones. 肾上腺分泌人体的大部分性激素。