Over exercising: Too much of a good thing

 　　NEW YORK - Breaking up your fitness routine is hard to do. But it's crucial for avoiding the bigger heartache of overuse injury, fitness experts say.

　　"People tend to do the same thing over and over again, without varying it, without taking adequate rest, without building slowly, and they end up with an overuse injury," said Geralyn Coopersmith, national manager for the Equinox Fitness Training Institute.

　　"Tendonitis, bursitis, fasciitis, these kinds of inflammations are pretty much guaranteed if you don't' vary your training," said Coopersmith, who oversees¹ the training of 1400 personal trainers in 48 Equinox clubs nationwide.

　　Yet she concedes that even clients who complain of nagging² aches and pains are loath³ to change their routine.

　　"People get terrified. They'll say, 'The treadmill⁴ made me lose weight.' Well, exercise made you lose weight. The treadmill was the modality. That doesn't' mean it's the only way or the best way," she explained.

　　"Most people don't cross train enough," she said. "Maybe they've been doing yoga for years so their flexibility⁵ is great but ask them to hold a plank⁶ position and there's no core strength at all."

　　For Adrian Shepard, fitness director for the recreation department at Butler University, over-exercisers can suffer more than pain or poor performance.

　　"Overall it's a tricky⁷ thing to notice," he said. "Some signs, like sleeplessness⁸, apathy⁹, depression and difficulty concentrating, may be associated with other conditions. You really have to focus on the big picture."

　　Shepard says some young adults he works with at the Butler campus in Indianapolis, Indiana, are especially vulnerable.

　　"Most at risk are those training for an event or sport," he said, "or those with a preoccupation with being thinner."

　　He stresses the importance of consulting a fitness professional.

　　"If you're feeling pain while doing an exercise the form might be wrong or you might be injured," he said.

　　Dr. Heather Gillespie, of the American College of Sports Medicine, sees everyone from elite¹⁰ athletes to weekend warriors¹¹ in her sports medicine practice at UCLA.

　　She said the consequences of over-exercising can include stress fractures as well as overuse injuries.

　　"Some runners just run, no cross training, and they may do the same thing every week," she explained.

　　For them she recommends strength training.

　　"Some sort of weight lifting routine focusing on their weaknesses," she said. "A lot of knee pain comes from weak gluteus muscles."

　　She suggests varying routines and taking time to recover.

　　"Rest and recovery is very important. It's recommended that you take at least one day off," she said, particularly after an injury has been diagnosed.

　　"For stress fractures, rest is essential," she added. "But just because you can't run doesn't mean you can't run in the pool. I consider that active rehabilitation¹²."

　　She acknowledges the difficulty of prying¹³ even an injured addict¹⁴ away from his activity.

　　"Exercise is a great form of stress release," she said. "And injury can cause depression. I've had a lot of people break down in my office because they can't run and they're in tears."

　　Coopersmith urges all who work out to seek professional advice.

　　"We tell people that exercise is a drug, and like a drug you need a prescription¹⁵. So much of it is good, and then so much of it is an overdose."

1 oversees   

v.监督，监视( oversee的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• She oversees both the research and the manufacturing departments. 她既监督研究部门又监督生产部门。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The Department of Education oversees the federal programs dealing with education. 教育部监管处理教育的联邦程序。 来自互联网

2 nagging   

adj.唠叨的，挑剔的；使人不得安宁的v.不断地挑剔或批评（某人）( nag的现在分词 )；不断地烦扰或伤害（某人）；无休止地抱怨；不断指责

参考例句：

• Stop nagging—I'll do it as soon as I can. 别唠叨了—我会尽快做的。
• I've got a nagging pain in my lower back. 我后背下方老是疼。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 loath   

adj.不愿意的；勉强的

参考例句：

• The little girl was loath to leave her mother.那小女孩不愿离开她的母亲。
• They react on this one problem very slow and very loath.他们在这一问题上反应很慢，很不情愿。

4 treadmill   

n.踏车；单调的工作

参考例句：

• The treadmill has a heart rate monitor.跑步机上有个脉搏监视器。
• Drugs remove man from the treadmill of routine.药物可以使人摆脱日常单调的工作带来的疲劳。

5 flexibility   

n.柔韧性，弹性，（光的）折射性，灵活性

参考例句：

• Her great strength lies in her flexibility.她的优势在于她灵活变通。
• The flexibility of a man's muscles will lessen as he becomes old.人老了肌肉的柔韧性将降低。

6 plank   

n.板条，木板，政策要点，政纲条目

参考例句：

• The plank was set against the wall.木板靠着墙壁。
• They intend to win the next election on the plank of developing trade.他们想以发展贸易的纲领来赢得下次选举。

7 tricky   

adj.狡猾的，奸诈的；(工作等)棘手的，微妙的

参考例句：

• I'm in a rather tricky position.Can you help me out?我的处境很棘手，你能帮我吗？
• He avoided this tricky question and talked in generalities.他回避了这个非常微妙的问题，只做了个笼统的表述。

8 sleeplessness   

n.失眠，警觉

参考例句：

• Modern pharmacy has solved the problem of sleeplessness. 现代制药学已经解决了失眠问题。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeplessness. 医生们对他的奇异的不眠感到疑惑。 来自英语晨读30分（高三）

9 apathy   

n.漠不关心，无动于衷；冷淡

参考例句：

• He was sunk in apathy after his failure.他失败后心恢意冷。
• She heard the story with apathy.她听了这个故事无动于衷。

10 elite   

n.精英阶层；实力集团；adj.杰出的，卓越的

参考例句：

• The power elite inside the government is controlling foreign policy.政府内部的一群握有实权的精英控制着对外政策。
• We have a political elite in this country.我们国家有一群政治精英。

11 warriors   

武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• I like reading the stories ofancient warriors. 我喜欢读有关古代武士的故事。
• The warriors speared the man to death. 武士们把那个男子戳死了。

12 rehabilitation   

n.康复，悔过自新，修复，复兴，复职，复位

参考例句：

• He's booked himself into a rehabilitation clinic.他自己联系了一家康复诊所。
• No one can really make me rehabilitation of injuries.已经没有人可以真正令我的伤康复了。

13 prying   

adj.爱打听的v.打听，刺探（他人的私事）( pry的现在分词 )；撬开

参考例句：

• I'm sick of you prying into my personal life! 我讨厌你刺探我的私生活！
• She is always prying into other people's affairs. 她总是打听别人的私事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 addict   

v.使沉溺；使上瘾；n.沉溺于不良嗜好的人

参考例句：

• He became gambling addict,and lost all his possessions.他习染上了赌博，最终输掉了全部家产。
• He assisted a drug addict to escape from drug but failed firstly.一开始他帮助一个吸毒者戒毒但失败了。

15 prescription   

n.处方，开药；指示，规定

参考例句：

• The physician made a prescription against sea- sickness for him.医生给他开了个治晕船的药方。
• The drug is available on prescription only.这种药只能凭处方购买。