剧增的女性腰围

 Girls’ waistlines have expanded by almost four inches in 30 years, figures show.

数据显示，女孩子的腰围在30年内将上升到约4英寸。

Rising levels of obesity¹ mean that the average 11-year-old’s waist is more than 27.6in, compared to 23.2in during the late 1970s.

不断上升的肥胖水平意味着与20世纪70年代后期11岁女孩的平均腰围23.2英寸相比，如今将超过27.6英寸。

She now has the same size waist as a boy of the same age.

现在女孩的腰跟她同龄的男孩一样大。

Although boys’ waistlines have also expanded, they have not grown to the same extent, rising to 27.6in compared to 24.2in during 1978.

即使男孩的腰围同样也在加粗，但是程度不同，他们从1978年的24.2英寸上升到27.6英寸。

The figures are further evidence that young women are more likely to become dangerously overweight than men.

该数据进一步证明年轻女性比男人更有肥胖的危险。

This week, obesity expert Professor Klim McPherson, of Oxford² University, warned that the young – particularly women – were ‘eating themselves into an early grave’.

这周，牛津大学肥胖专家Klim McPherson教授向青年人发出警告——尤其是女性——“把自己吃进一个早期的坟墓”。

But although young men were making efforts to take more exercise and eat healthily, women are still putting on weight. 

但是即使青年男子努力做更多运动，健康饮食，女人体重还是增加。

Experts believe problems begin at school and may be because girls are far more reluctant to take part in PE or join school sports teams.

专家相信问题早在学生时代就开始了，可能因为女孩子更不愿意参加体能训练或学校的运动队。

The latest measurements were taken from 2,500 children aged³ 4-17 using a 3D scanner – and compared to readings taken from more than 8,000 children measured in 1978.

最新测量结果由2500个4至17岁的儿童使用3D扫描仪测量的——与1978年超过8000名儿童测量的数据相比。

Compiled by market research firm Select Research, the readings are being used by stores including Asda to adjust clothes sizing for children.

由市场调查公司Select Research编制，该数据被包括Asda的商店用来调整儿童服装尺寸。

Youngsters are getting taller too. An average 11-year-old girl is almost 4ft 11in, compared with just over 4ft 9in in 1978.

年轻人长得越来越高。与1978年11岁女孩平均身高只超过4英尺9英寸相比，现在已接近4英尺11英寸。

The average boy of 11 is around 4ft 10in, up from 4ft 9in.

11岁男孩的平均身高从4英尺9英寸上升到4英尺10英寸。

Richard Barnes, MD of Select Research, said it was too early to draw conclusions on childhood obesity trends from the data.

Select Research总经理Richard Barnes说现在通过数据就定下儿童肥胖的趋势还太早。

He said: 'The increases in waist circumference⁴ since 1978 show that children have got bigger. However, increases in height and chest size show that children in the UK have grown over the years in many ways.

他说：“从1978年来儿童腰围增加说明他们长得更大。然而，身高和胸围的增加表明英国的儿童多年以来在很多方面都成长了。”

'Using BMI to measure obesity in children should not be relied upon as an accurate indicator⁵ of risk to health as both components⁶, height and weight, are variables.

“使用BMI（身体质量指数）测量儿童的肥胖不应成为测量健康风险的准确指标，由于这两个组成部分（身高和体重）都是变量。”

'Measuring body shape in 3D and where a child's weight is distributed may provide us with new insights on the actual risk to health and change perceptions of what health interventions⁷ are required. 

“用3D测量体型和孩子的体重分配给我们提出关于健康真正风险的新见解和改变我们的卫生保健干预措施的观念。”

'Shape GB is a survey for retailers⁸, but we will be using the data in due course to develop BVI thresholds for childhood obesity.'

“全国童装调查是对零售商进行的一项调查，但是我们将及时利用这些数据制定儿童肥胖的体量指数界限。”

1 obesity   

n.肥胖，肥大

参考例句：

• One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
• Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。

2 Oxford   

n.牛津（英国城市）

参考例句：

• At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
• This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。

3 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

4 circumference   

n.圆周，周长，圆周线

参考例句：

• It's a mile round the circumference of the field.运动场周长一英里。
• The diameter and the circumference of a circle correlate.圆的直径与圆周有相互关系。

5 indicator   

n.指标；指示物，指示者；指示器

参考例句：

• Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黃金价格常常被看作是通货膨胀的指标。
• His left-hand indicator is flashing.他左手边的转向灯正在闪亮。

6 components   

（机器、设备等的）构成要素，零件，成分； 成分( component的名词复数 )； [物理化学]组分； [数学]分量； （混合物的）组成部分

参考例句：

• the components of a machine 机器部件
• Our chemistry teacher often reduces a compound to its components in lab. 在实验室中化学老师常把化合物分解为各种成分。

7 interventions   

n.介入，干涉，干预( intervention的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Economic analysis of government interventions deserves detailed discussion. 政府对经济的干预应该给予充分的论述。 来自辞典例句
• The judge's frequent interventions made a mockery of justice. 法官的屡屡干预是对正义的践踏。 来自互联网

8 retailers   

零售商，零售店( retailer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• High street retailers reported a marked increase in sales before Christmas. 商业街的零售商报告说圣诞节前销售量显著提高。
• Retailers have a statutory duty to provide goods suitable for their purpose. 零售商有为他们提供符合要求的货品的法定义务。