夜猫子不爱运动是有原因的

 　　Why night owls¹ shun² exercise: Waking up late 'makes it harder to keep a fitness regime'

　　夜猫子不运动是有原因的：晚睡晚起很难做到坚持“健身”

　　Late sleepers³ more sedentary and find it harder to exercise, study found.

　　研究表明，晚睡的人都有久坐不动的习惯，很难坚持运动。

　　Night owls also make up more reasons not to be active.

　　夜猫子们也为自己不运动找了很多理由。

　　Adults should take 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise a week.

　　成人每周应做150分钟中等强度的运动。

　　Night owls who wake up late are less likely to take exercise.

　　夜猫子们起床晚，坚持运动锻炼的可能性也就很小了。

　　夜猫子不爱运动是有原因的

　　Latest research suggests night owls are more sedentary and feel that they have a harder time maintaining an exercise schedule.

　　最新研究结果表明，夜猫子久坐不动的生活方式，使他们在坚持锻炼健身计划上就变得比较困难。

　　Results show that later sleep times were associated with more self-reported minutes sitting, and sleep timing⁴ remained a significant predictor of sedentary minutes after controlling for age and sleep duration.

　　研究结果表明，晚睡次数和他们自己记录的久坐时间有关系，同时在控制年龄和睡眠持续时间等因素后，发现睡眠时间可以极大程度地推算久坐不动时间。

　　However, people who characterized themselves as night owls reported more sitting time and more perceived barriers to exercise, including not having enough time for exercise and being unable to stick to an exercise schedule regardless of what time they actually went to bed or woke up.

　　不过，那些自称夜猫子的人，说自己坐着的时间比较长，认为自己在运动上有各种障碍，包括没有时间运动，而且无法坚持按照健身时间表进行运动锻炼，实际上他们并没有考虑自己的上床睡觉时间或起床时间。

　　'We found that even among healthy, active individuals, sleep timing and circadian preference are related to activity patterns and attitudes toward physical activity,' said principal investigator⁵ Kelly Glazer⁶ Baron⁷, associate professor of neurology and director of the Behavioral Sleep Medicine Program at the Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University in Chicago, Illinois.

　　“我们发现即使是健康又爱运动的人，睡眠时间和个人运动偏好也与活动模式和运动态度相关，”这项研究的首席研究员凯利·格雷泽·巴伦说，他也是芝加哥伊利诺斯州西北大学范伯格医学院的神经学副教授和行为睡眠医学项目主任。

　　'Waking up late and being an evening person were related to more time spent sitting, particularly on weekends and with difficulty making time to exercise.'

　　"晚上熬夜久坐的人，早上起床晚，尤其是在周末很难抽出时间进行运动锻炼。”

　　The research abstract was published recently in an online supplement of the journal Sleep, and was being presented Wednesday, June 4, in Minneapolis, Minnesota, at SLEEP 2014, the 28th annual meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies LLC.

　　这项研究报告摘要最近被发表在在线杂志《睡眠》上，同时在6月4日明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯举行的第28届睡眠协会年会上得以呈现。

　　The study group comprised 123 healthy adults with a self-reported sleep duration of at least 6.5 hours.

　　研究小组参考123名健康成人自己记录的至少6.5小时的睡眠时间。

　　Sleep variables were measured by seven days of wrist actigraphy along with sleep diaries. Self-reported physical activity and attitudes toward exercise were evaluated by questionnaires including the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

　　用腕式睡眠活动记录仪记录了七天的睡眠情况，并做睡眠日记。通过调查问卷方式，包括通过国际体力活动的调查问卷，调查锻炼身体和运动态度的自我评定情况。

　　'This was a highly active sample averaging 83 minutes of vigorous activity per week,' said Glazer Baron.

　　“每周平均83分钟的剧烈活动已经属于运动量很大的范例了，”格雷泽·巴伦说。

　　'Even among those who were able to exercise, waking up late made it and being an evening person made it perceived as more difficult.'

　　“即使是能够运动锻炼的人，晚睡晚起或久坐不动也会使得坚持运动成为一件很困难的事情。”

　　According to Baron, the study suggests that circadian factors should be taken into consideration as part of exercise recommendations and interventions⁸, especially for less active adults.

　　根据巴伦做的这项研究，建议应考虑把生理因素视为运动锻炼的一部分干预因素，尤其是不运动的成人更要把这个因素考虑在内。

　　'Sleep timing should be taken into account when discussing exercise participation,' she added.

　　“与参与运动锻炼的人讨论这个问题时，应该考虑到睡眠时间这个因素，”她补充道。

　　'We could expect that sleep timing would play even a larger role in a population that had more difficulty exercising.'

　　“我们会认为在夜猫子这类人群中，睡眠时间在其中起了比较大的作用，坚持按时运动锻炼就比较困难。 ”

　　The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that adults get at last 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic⁹ activity every week and participate in muscle-strengthening activities on two or more days a week.

　　美国疾病控制和预防中心建议:成人每周坚持做150分钟中等强度的有氧运动，每周进行两天或两天以上增强肌肉力量的运动。

1 owls   

n.猫头鹰( owl的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• 'Clumsy fellows,'said I; 'they must still be drunk as owls.' “这些笨蛋，”我说，“他们大概还醉得像死猪一样。” 来自英汉文学 - 金银岛
• The great majority of barn owls are reared in captivity. 大多数仓鸮都是笼养的。 来自辞典例句

2 shun   

vt.避开，回避，避免

参考例句：

• Materialists face truth,whereas idealists shun it.唯物主义者面向真理，唯心主义者则逃避真理。
• This extremist organization has shunned conventional politics.这个极端主义组织有意避开了传统政治。

3 sleepers   

n.卧铺（通常以复数形式出现）；卧车( sleeper的名词复数 )；轨枕；睡觉（呈某种状态）的人；小耳环

参考例句：

• He trod quietly so as not to disturb the sleepers. 他轻移脚步，以免吵醒睡着的人。 来自辞典例句
• The nurse was out, and we two sleepers were alone. 保姆出去了，只剩下我们两个瞌睡虫。 来自辞典例句

4 timing   

n.时间安排，时间选择

参考例句：

• The timing of the meeting is not convenient.会议的时间安排不合适。
• The timing of our statement is very opportune.我们发表声明选择的时机很恰当。

5 investigator   

n.研究者，调查者，审查者

参考例句：

• He was a special investigator for the FBI.他是联邦调查局的特别调查员。
• The investigator was able to deduce the crime and find the criminal.调查者能够推出犯罪过程并锁定罪犯。

6 glazer   

n.上釉工人，加光工人

参考例句：

• There's no set figure from the Glazer family [for transfers]. 格拉泽家族没有设置限制。 来自互联网
• The Glazer family have insisted that Manchester United are not for sale. 格雷泽家族已经强调曼彻斯特联是非卖品。 来自互联网

7 baron   

n.男爵；(商业界等)巨头，大王

参考例句：

• Henry Ford was an automobile baron.亨利·福特是一位汽车业巨头。
• The baron lived in a strong castle.男爵住在一座坚固的城堡中。

8 interventions   

n.介入，干涉，干预( intervention的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Economic analysis of government interventions deserves detailed discussion. 政府对经济的干预应该给予充分的论述。 来自辞典例句
• The judge's frequent interventions made a mockery of justice. 法官的屡屡干预是对正义的践踏。 来自互联网

9 aerobic   

adj.需氧的，增氧健身法的，有氧的

参考例句：

• Aerobic exercise helps to build up stamina.有氧健身操有助于增强耐力。
• Aerobic dance is conductive to the health.有氧舞蹈有助于健康。