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民工分离撕裂中国家庭-一个绝望的村庄

时间:2006-02-09 16:00来源:互联网 提供网友:999999   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

A Desperate Village

一个绝望的村庄

The students in Shan's fourth grade class rose in unison1 as the teacher, Du Nengwei, tapped his pointer against his desk to start the lesson.

四年级的老师杜能卫将教鞭轻轻拍打了一下桌子,宣布了上课开始,珊珊和她的同学们便整齐的起立。

 
"Hello, teacher!" the children shouted dutifully in early December as Mr. Du, his eyes magnified through thick glasses, signaled for everyone to sit down. The children began shouting out memorization drills, and the sounds of rote2 drilling rose out of other classrooms, as noisy as squawking birds.

“老师好!”孩子们认真的叫道。杜老师用那透过厚厚镜片的眼睛示意同学们坐下。孩子们开始背诵课文,背诵的声音贯穿了课堂,像是鸟儿嘈杂的叫声。

The village school, the focus of so much hope, is little changed from a century ago. The dirty, whitewashed3 building is made of mud brick and concrete. Shan's classroom has no heat or electricity. Light comes from two small windows.

虽然是农村孩子们的希望,但这乡村学校在一个世纪以来却没有多大改变。教室是泥砖和水泥砌成的,里面没有暖也没有电,照明则全靠两扇小小的窗户。

Mr. Du said 8 of his 14 students had at least one parent who is a migrant worker. He knows that parents leave in order to pay tuition, about $50 a year for families that often live on less than $300 a year. School, even this school, is their only chance, he said.

杜老师说,他的14个学生中,有8个孩子都有父母进城务工。他知道农民们打工赚钱也是为了给孩子们挣学费,虽然家庭收入还不足2500元,一年的学费却需要400元。而学校(即使是这样的学校),也是农民子弟们的唯一希望。

"Some say they want to be a driver, a scientist or a teacher," Mr. Du said. "But nobody wants to go on being a farmer." Of Shan, he said, "she studies very hard and does well."

“同学们说想当司机、科学家或者教师,”杜老师说。“但没有人还想做农民。”至于珊珊,他说:“她学习很努力,也很不错。”

 
She usually ranks second or third in the class. At home, she studies as much as three hours a day. She said she wanted to advance to middle school, then high school, even college.

她一般在班里拿第二第三。每天回家后,她都要学习三个小时左右。她说自己想继续读初中、高中、甚至大学。

"The more schooling4 I have, the more knowledge I have," she said.

“读的书越多,懂的知识就越多,”珊珊说。

Her home is a mud-walled communal5 house built more than a century ago during the Qing Dynasty. Her grandparents sleep in one section, her aunt and younger cousin in another. Shan sleeps alone in two unheated rooms converted from a small barn. Her room is above the pen with the family's three pigs. Her parent's empty room is over the open pit that is the communal toilet.

珊珊的家是清朝时建的老房子,她的爷爷奶奶睡一间,婶婶和堂弟们睡另一间。珊珊独自睡在两间从畜圈改过来的房子里。她的房间在三头猪的猪圈上面,她爸妈的空房间则在家里的厕所上面。

"I'm not scared," she said. She has painted her colorless wooden shutter6 with the Chinese characters for "wealth" and "prosperity."

“我不怕,”她说道。她在自己房间的木窗上写慢了中文汉字“财富”,“繁荣。”

 
Her grandfather, Yang Xianglin, 72, said his three sons each contributed $150 a year to support the family. Two of the three are migrant workers; the third just returned home from a migrant job. But the money is not enough, so the grandfather must borrow from other relatives.

珊珊的爷爷,72岁的杨祥林说自己的三个儿子每年给家里贴1200元。三个儿子中,两个都在外务工,剩下一个也是刚刚回来;但尽管如此,钱还总是不够,爷爷不得不向亲戚们去借钱。

Shan knows she is poor, but does not seem to feel poverty's sharp sting. Asked if she has any toys, she brightened and showed off two tiny plastic figurines and a single silk flower. Her parents cannot afford more, though her mother stitched her a pink sweater.

珊珊知道家里穷,但年纪还不大的她却并不以此为苦。记者问她有没有什么玩具,她立刻欢喜起来地拿出两个塑料小人和一朵绸做的小花。此外妈妈还给她织过一件红毛衣,超出这些的父母就负担不起了。

"She misses them always," her grandfather said. "She keeps asking, when will her parents come home?"

“珊珊老想他们,”爷爷说。“她总是问,爸爸妈妈什么时候回来呀?”

Nearly every family in Shuanghu has had someone leave. Local wages are as low as $1 a day; a migrant can make $5 or more. A few fortunate families have built concrete homes with migrant money.

在双湖,几乎每个家里都有人外出务工。本地的工资一天只有8元钱,而一个农民工每天能挣40元。少数幸运的家庭靠着打工带回的钱已经盖起了新房。

"We have more freedom now than when we had a communal life," said Lei Jinchen, 53, a neighbor whose two sons work at the same factory as Shan's mother. "We can now go out and find work. But we only have enough to feed ourselves. That's it."

53岁的雷金辰说:“比起以前农民公社时期,现在自由多了,至少能出去打工。不过也仅仅能养活自己而已。”雷金辰是珊珊家的邻居,他有两个儿子也在珊珊妈妈的工厂工作。


 Central government leaders often boast of new programs to benefit China's poorest villages. One national program called for farmers to hand over land for reforestation in exchange for annual payments. In 2002, Shan's grandfather surrendered two-thirds of an acre for promised payments of $65 a year. As yet, he and other farmers have received nothing.

中央的领导们常常自夸扶助贫困地区的新政策。有个“退耕还林”的国家政策,许诺只要农民退还土地造林,就能每年给以补助。2002年,珊珊的爷爷退了四亩地,想着每年能拿540元补助。可至今为止,他也其他的退地农民一分也没有拿到。

Shuanghu was also designated for special antipoverty assistance, and about 50 families - including the Yangs - were named poverty households eligible7 to divide a $2,500 annual fund, or about $50 per family. But again, the Yangs and others have gotten nothing.

双湖还有上面特派的扶贫专款,大约有50户人家(包括杨家)每年该收到扶贫款20000元,平均每家每年400元。但是他们的希望又一次落空。

"Not many benefits get down to us," Mr. Lei said. "Local governments skim most of the money off."

“没有多少钱能到我们头上,”雷金辰说,“地方政府把大头都拿走了。”

So what remains8 is migrant work for the young and farming for the old. The mountainous landscape is impressive, but only narrow strips of land can be used for farming. In early December, Shan left for school one morning, and her grandparents walked up a rocky hillside toward their small plot.

所以剩下的办法只有让年轻人出去打工,老年人留家种田了。山区的景色是挺不错,但是能用作耕种的地却很有限。12月初的一天,珊珊去上学了,爷爷奶奶则走到一块充满碎石的坡地,开始他们的耕种。

The frost had lifted, and the grandmother, Hu Yangui, 65, squatted9 in the dirt and pulled turnips10. She takes medicine for stomach ailments11 and arthritis12, and the work tires her. She would let the turnips dry in the sun until afternoon, then feed them to the pigs beneath Shan's bedroom.

 
珊珊的奶奶,65的胡艳桂,有胃病和关节炎,需要吃药。在霜散尽的地里,奶奶正蹲在地上拔萝卜,拔出的萝卜要在先太阳底下晒干,然后喂给家里的猪吃。

The grandfather grabbed a large bale of corn stalks to use as bedding for the pigs and loaded it onto his back. His arthritis sometimes keeps him from sleeping, but he said the corn was not heavy. In a lower field, a child's voice echoed against the hillsides. It was Shan's cousin, Yang Qinlin, 4. Her own father works several hours away, and she goes months without seeing him.

爷爷抓起一大捆玉米秆,把他们负到背上,这些铺猪圈用的。虽然爷爷的关节炎很重,常常让他无法入睡;但爷爷说,玉米秆不重。山下,一个孩子的声音传到了山坡上。这是珊珊的表妹,4岁的杨琴琳,虽然她爸爸在不远的城镇打工,但她也已经几个月没见爸爸了。

She was singing a melancholy13 poem about missing home that is memorized by schoolchildren across China:

Looking up, I find the moon bright;

Bowing down, in homesickness I'm drowned.

她在朗诵一首描述思乡之情的古诗,这是一首中国孩子们都耳熟能详的诗:

举头望明月;低头思故乡。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 unison gKCzB     
n.步调一致,行动一致
参考例句:
  • The governments acted in unison to combat terrorism.这些国家的政府一致行动对付恐怖主义。
  • My feelings are in unison with yours.我的感情与你的感情是一致的。
2 rote PXnxF     
n.死记硬背,生搬硬套
参考例句:
  • Learning by rote is discouraged in this school.这所学校不鼓励死记硬背的学习方式。
  • He recited the poem by rote.他强记背诵了这首诗。
3 whitewashed 38aadbb2fa5df4fec513e682140bac04     
粉饰,美化,掩饰( whitewash的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The wall had been whitewashed. 墙已粉过。
  • The towers are in the shape of bottle gourds and whitewashed. 塔呈圆形,状近葫芦,外敷白色。 来自汉英文学 - 现代散文
4 schooling AjAzM6     
n.教育;正规学校教育
参考例句:
  • A child's access to schooling varies greatly from area to area.孩子获得学校教育的机会因地区不同而大相径庭。
  • Backward children need a special kind of schooling.天赋差的孩子需要特殊的教育。
5 communal VbcyU     
adj.公有的,公共的,公社的,公社制的
参考例句:
  • There was a communal toilet on the landing for the four flats.在楼梯平台上有一处公共卫生间供4套公寓使用。
  • The toilets and other communal facilities were in a shocking state.厕所及其他公共设施的状况极其糟糕。
6 shutter qEpy6     
n.百叶窗;(照相机)快门;关闭装置
参考例句:
  • The camera has a shutter speed of one-sixtieth of a second.这架照像机的快门速度达六十分之一秒。
  • The shutter rattled in the wind.百叶窗在风中发出嘎嘎声。
7 eligible Cq6xL     
adj.有条件被选中的;(尤指婚姻等)合适(意)的
参考例句:
  • He is an eligible young man.他是一个合格的年轻人。
  • Helen married an eligible bachelor.海伦嫁给了一个中意的单身汉。
8 remains 1kMzTy     
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
参考例句:
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
9 squatted 45deb990f8c5186c854d710c535327b0     
v.像动物一样蹲下( squat的过去式和过去分词 );非法擅自占用(土地或房屋);为获得其所有权;而占用某片公共用地。
参考例句:
  • He squatted down beside the footprints and examined them closely. 他蹲在脚印旁仔细地观察。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He squatted in the grass discussing with someone. 他蹲在草地上与一个人谈话。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 turnips 0a5b5892a51b9bd77b247285ad0b3f77     
芜青( turnip的名词复数 ); 芜菁块根; 芜菁甘蓝块根; 怀表
参考例句:
  • Well, I like turnips, tomatoes, eggplants, cauliflowers, onions and carrots. 噢,我喜欢大萝卜、西红柿、茄子、菜花、洋葱和胡萝卜。 来自魔法英语-口语突破(高中)
  • This is turnip soup, made from real turnips. 这是大头菜汤,用真正的大头菜做的。
11 ailments 6ba3bf93bc9d97e7fdc2b1b65b3e69d6     
疾病(尤指慢性病),不适( ailment的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • His ailments include a mild heart attack and arthritis. 他患有轻度心脏病和关节炎。
  • He hospitalizes patients for minor ailments. 他把只有小病的患者也送进医院。
12 arthritis XeyyE     
n.关节炎
参考例句:
  • Rheumatoid arthritis has also been linked with the virus.风湿性关节炎也与这种病毒有关。
  • He spent three months in the hospital with acute rheumatic arthritis.他患急性风湿性关节炎,在医院住了三个月。
13 melancholy t7rz8     
n.忧郁,愁思;adj.令人感伤(沮丧)的,忧郁的
参考例句:
  • All at once he fell into a state of profound melancholy.他立即陷入无尽的忧思之中。
  • He felt melancholy after he failed the exam.这次考试没通过,他感到很郁闷。
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