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总被蚊子叮?这得怪父母

时间:2015-07-19 04:55来源:互联网 提供网友:mapleleaf   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

   If you frequently find yourself covered in mosquito bites, while others escape without so much as an itch1, you can blame your genes2.

  如果你发现蚊子特别喜欢叮你,而其他人都安然无恙,这其实与你的基因有关。
  For British scientists have discovered evidence that some people are simply born to attract mosquitoes.
  英国科学家们已经找到了证据,证明一些人生来就容易招蚊子。
  In experiments they found that people’s body smell attracted the insects in different ways - and this was strongly influences by genetics.
  在实验中他们发现,人体散发的味道会在不同程度上吸引昆虫,而这种味道与基因有很大的关系。
  The team, led by scientists at the London School of Hygiene4 and Tropical Medicine, found that pairs of identical twins - who share 100 per cent of their genes - are equally attractive to mosquitoes.
  研究团队由伦敦卫生和热带医学院(London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)的科学家们领衔。他们发现,基因完全一样的同卵双胞胎,对蚊子的吸引力也一样。
  总被蚊子叮?这得怪父母
  Non-identical twins, who only share about 50 per cent of their genes, differ in the degree to which they attract the bugs5, the scientists found.
  科学家们还发现,对于异卵双胞胎而言,他们的基因只有一半相同,因此对蚊子的吸引力也不一样。
  The research, published in the journal PLOS One, provides strong evidence that your chance of being bitten is genetically-driven.
  这项研究发表在期刊《公共科学图书馆·综合》(PLOS One)上,为基因决定蚊子叮咬几率提供了强有力的证据。
  The results show that the trait has a similar link to genes as height and IQ.
  研究结果显示,这一特征与基因的关联,就好比身高、智商与基因的关系一般。
  The findings build on previous work linking body odour to the chances of being attacked by mosquitoes.
  此前,曾有科学家将体味与蚊子叮咬几率相关联,为这项研究建立了基础。
  The team - which also included scientists from Nottingham University, Rothamsted Research in Hertforshire, and the University of Florida - think that some individuals produce a natural insect repellent that keeps them safe.
  研究团队还包括来自诺丁汉大学(Nottingham University)、哈福德郡洛桑研究所(Rothamsted Research)和佛罗里达大学(University of Florida)的科学家们。他们认为,一些人体内能产生一种天然的驱虫剂,来让自己免受蚊虫叮咬。
  They believe that, with further research, it may be possible to take a pill that encourages the production of this repellent odour.
  他们相信,通过进一步研究,或许可以发明一种服用后能产生驱虫体味的药丸。
  Lead scientist Dr James Logan, from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, said: ‘By investigating the genetic3 mechanism7 behind attractiveness to biting insects such as mosquitoes we can move closer to using this knowledge for better ways of keeping us safe from bites and the diseases insects can spread through bites.
  领队科学家、来自伦敦卫生与热带医学院的詹姆斯·洛根博士(James Logan)说:“通过研究蚊虫吸引力背后的遗传机制,我们就能进一步研究如何免受蚊虫叮咬和疾病传播的威胁。
  ‘If we understand the genetic basis for variation between individuals it could be possible to develop bespoke8 ways to control mosquitoes better, and develop new ways to repel6 them.
  “如果我们能够理解个体之间基因的差异,就能发明一种更好的控制和驱赶蚊子的方法。
  ‘In the future we may even be able to take a pill which will enhance the production of natural repellents by the body and ultimately replace skin lotions9.’
  “未来,我们甚至能发明一种药丸,促进人体产生天然驱虫素,最终用以代替驱虫液。
  The study involved 18 identical and 19 non-identical twin pairs.
  这项研究的研究对象包括18对同卵双胞胎和19对异卵双胞胎。
  In the experiment, Aedies aegypti mosquitoes - which transmit dengue fever - were released into a Y-shaped tube which divides into two sections.
  实验中,传播登革热的埃及伊蚊(Aedies aegypti)被释放到分叉的Y型试管里。
  They were allowed to fly down either side towards the odour from the study participants’ hands to see which twin they were most attracted to.
  它们可以朝分别散发着参与者手的气味的两个方向飞行,以便看出双胞胎中的哪一位更能吸引蚊子。
  Vocabulary
  bespoke: 定制的

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 itch 9aczc     
n.痒,渴望,疥癣;vi.发痒,渴望
参考例句:
  • Shylock has an itch for money.夏洛克渴望发财。
  • He had an itch on his back.他背部发痒。
2 genes 01914f8eac35d7e14afa065217edd8c0     
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
3 genetic PgIxp     
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
4 hygiene Kchzr     
n.健康法,卫生学 (a.hygienic)
参考例句:
  • Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
  • He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。
5 bugs e3255bae220613022d67e26d2e4fa689     
adj.疯狂的,发疯的n.窃听器( bug的名词复数 );病菌;虫子;[计算机](制作软件程序所产生的意料不到的)错误
参考例句:
  • All programs have bugs and need endless refinement. 所有的程序都有漏洞,都需要不断改进。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The sacks of rice were swarming with bugs. 一袋袋的米里长满了虫子。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 repel 1BHzf     
v.击退,抵制,拒绝,排斥
参考例句:
  • A country must have the will to repel any invader.一个国家得有决心击退任何入侵者。
  • Particles with similar electric charges repel each other.电荷同性的分子互相排斥。
7 mechanism zCWxr     
n.机械装置;机构,结构
参考例句:
  • The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
  • The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。
8 bespoke 145af5d0ef7fa4d104f65fe8ad911f59     
adj.(产品)订做的;专做订货的v.预定( bespeak的过去式 );订(货);证明;预先请求
参考例句:
  • His style of dressing bespoke great self-confidence. 他的衣着风格显得十分自信。
  • The haberdasher presented a cap, saying,"Here is the cap your worship bespoke." 帽匠拿出一顶帽子来说:“这就是老爷您定做的那顶。” 来自辞典例句
9 lotions a98fc794098c32b72112f2048a16cdf0     
n.洗液,洗剂,护肤液( lotion的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Do not use lotions or oils to lubricate the skin. 不要用润肤剂或油类来润滑皮肤。 来自辞典例句
  • They were experts at preserving the bodies of the dead by embalming them with special lotions. 他们具有采用特种药物洗剂防止尸体腐烂的专门知识。 来自辞典例句
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