研究：富豪子女300年内仍是富人

　　Wealthy parents pass on three quarters of their fortunes to their children meaning it will take 300 years for the offspring of today's super-rich to have average incomes, a survey has revealed.

　　研究显示，富有的父母们会把四分之三的财产留给子女们，这就意味着现今富豪的后代三百年后才会与普通人收入持平。

　　The sons and daughters of prestigious¹ families are also likely to live longer than average, more likely to attend Oxbridge, live in expensive houses, and go on to become doctors or lawyers.

　　出身望族的子女们也会比普通人长寿，更可能进牛津剑桥，住豪宅，成为医生或律师。

　　There is also little difference in wealth or social standing² when the richest families of the Victoria era are compared to their descendants today, according to the study.

　　研究发现，维多利亚时期的豪门与他们今天的后代相比，其财富和地位也只有微小的变化。

　　研究：富豪子女300年内仍是富人

　　Publishing their findings in the Economic Journal, Professor Gregory Clark and Dr Neil Cummins said: 'What your great-great-grandfather was doing is still predictive of what you are doing now.'

　　《经济学杂志》发表了该项研究。格雷戈里·克拉克教授和尼尔·卡明斯博士说：“你的高曾祖父的阶层预示了你的阶层。”

　　The pair examined the records of 19,000 people, including more than 600 rare family names such as Bazalgette, the Pepys, and Bigge.

　　该项研究共调查了19000个人的档案，其中包括了600多个罕见姓氏如巴扎盖特、佩皮斯、比格等等。

　　Joseph Bazalgette was responsible for building the world's first sewer³ system in London in the 19th century, the Pepys family tree contains noted⁴ diarist Samuel Pepys, and John Bigge was a judge and royal commissioner⁵.

　　19世纪，巴扎盖特家族中的约瑟夫·巴扎盖特曾负责过在伦敦建设世界第一套下水管道系统，佩皮斯家族的家谱系中曾出现过著名的日记作家塞缪尔·佩皮斯，而约翰·比格是一名法官和王族理事。

　　They found that, compared to their relatives in 1850, those living with that surname today are almost certain to have amassed⁶ fortunes well beyond the reach of the average Briton.

　　他们发现，与1850年的先祖们相比，冠有这些姓氏的后人们所积累的财富几乎全部都在英国人平均水准之上。

　　For example Sir Peter Bazalgette, the great-great-grandson of Sir Joseph, is the founder⁷ of Endemol television production company which created Big Brother and Deal or No Deal.

　　例如约瑟夫·巴扎盖特先生的玄孙彼得·巴扎盖特先生创建了安迪摩尔传媒集团，没错，就是“老大哥（Big Brother）”和“一掷千金（Deal or No Deal）”节目的创立公司。

　　The company was floated on the Dutch stock exchange in 2005. It trebled in value and was sold for ?2.5billion in 2007.

　　2005年，这家公司在荷兰股票交易所上市，2007年，市值已增涨三倍，卖到了25亿英镑。

　　The findings of Dr Clark and Dr Cummins, reported by The Guardian⁸, suggest that the passing down of wealth has a far bigger impact on society than previously⁹ thought.

　　《卫报》报道了克拉克博士和卡明斯博士的这项发现，表明了与之前人们的认识相比，财富的传承对社会具有更加深远的影响。

　　Vocabulary

　　offspring: 后代

　　prestigious: 有名望的

　　predictive: 预言性的

　　surname: 姓氏

　　commissioner: 理事

　　treble: 三倍的

1 prestigious   

adj.有威望的，有声望的，受尊敬的

参考例句：

• The young man graduated from a prestigious university.这个年轻人毕业于一所名牌大学。
• You may even join a prestigious magazine as a contributing editor.甚至可能会加入一个知名杂志做编辑。

2 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

3 sewer   

n.排水沟，下水道

参考例句：

• They are tearing up the street to repair a sewer. 他们正挖开马路修下水道。
• The boy kicked a stone into the sewer. 那个男孩把一石子踢进了下水道。

4 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

5 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。

6 amassed   

v.积累，积聚( amass的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He amassed a fortune from silver mining. 他靠开采银矿积累了一笔财富。
• They have amassed a fortune in just a few years. 他们在几年的时间里就聚集了一笔财富。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。

8 guardian   

n.监护人；守卫者，保护者

参考例句：

• The form must be signed by the child's parents or guardian. 这张表格须由孩子的家长或监护人签字。
• The press is a guardian of the public weal. 报刊是公共福利的卫护者。

9 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。