如何留住不断跳槽的员工

 　　Sagging¹ valuations at upstart tech companies have undoubtedly² frustrated³ their venture capital backers in recent months. Employees who took company shares in lieu of big cash salaries may well be similarly peeved⁴. The question is whether they will be more forgiving of the cracks now appearing in their nest eggs. Part of Silicon⁵ Valley’s mythology⁶ has been about the rank-and-file workers who hitch⁷ themselves to corporate⁸ rocket ships full of share options. Soaring equity⁹ value has been a key component¹⁰ of morale¹¹, retention¹² and recruiting.

　　近几个月来，创业型科技企业的估值不断下降，无疑令作为其出资人的风险投资家感到郁闷。不领高薪、反而持有公司股份的员工，很可能感到同样恼怒。问题在于，他们是否将更能容忍自己的“留窝蛋”上如今出现的裂痕。一直以来，人们对硅谷抱有一些错误的幻想，其中之一就是普通员工能够搭乘满载股票期权的公司“宇宙飞船”直飞冲天。股权价值大幅上升，一直是公司维持士气、留住和招募人才的一个关键因素。

　　Simply based on price movements, the situation would now appear to be grim. Twitter is perhaps the most notorious example. Its shares are 7 per cent below their flotation price two years ago and virtually every crucial executive post at the social network has turned over since the listing. In an illustration of its reliance on equity, more than a quarter of direct and operating expenses ($526m) for the first nine months of 2015 at the company are attributable to stock compensation. Several other big-name tech companies are also down on their recent initial public offering prices. Among them are GoPro (30 per cent), Box (7 per cent), and Etsy (40 per cent). Even late-stage private companies Dropbox and Snapchat have suffered sharp markdowns by mutual¹³ funds that invest in them.

　　仅仅从股价变动来讲，目前的局势看来很严峻。Twitter可能是最声名狼藉的一个例子。其股价较两年前发行价低7%，自上市以来，这家社交媒体公司的几乎每一个关键高管职位都换人了。2015年前三个季度公司的直接和运营费用（5.26亿美元），有超过四份之一用于支付员工股票报酬，这表明了该公司对股权报酬方式的依赖。还有几家知名科技公司的股价也低于不久前的发行价，其中包括GoPro（低30%）、Box（低7%）和Esty（低40%）。甚至晚期未上市企业Dropbox和Snapchat，也被投资它们的共同基金大幅调低估值。

　　如何留住不断跳槽的员工

　　And employee shares typically do not come with the downside protection that venture capital investors¹⁴ are able to negotiate. As such, they are most penalised by falling valuations. But in spite of a job market that remains¹⁵ hot — one venture capitalist says headhunters are too busy to take his new staffing assignments — staff turnover¹⁶ may not be about to spike¹⁷. Michael Morell, a founder¹⁸ of recruiting firm Riviera Partners in California, says: “There is no groundswell of turnover. Really, only a sliver¹⁹ of people are affected²⁰ by falling valuations and those are employees who have joined in the last six months. Workers are still deeply in the money … Time horizons to big pay-offs, though, have been extended. But guys who are pissed off are still doing OK”.

　　员工所持股份通常得不到跌价保护，那是风险投资家才能争取到的待遇。因此，公司估值下降，他们是最惨的。但是，尽管就业市场仍然红红火火（一位风险投资家表示，猎头公司太忙了，无法接受他的招聘委托），但员工流动率可能还不会大幅升高。加利福尼亚猎头公司Riviera Partners创始人迈克尔莫雷尔(Michael Morell)说：“目前没有发生大规模人才流动的情况。实际上，只有一小部分人受到估值下降的影响，就是那些近6个月入职的员工。员工们仍非常有钱……就是获得高回报的期限被拉长了。不过，那些心里生气的家伙们，目前状况仍很不错。”

　　One reason employees are staying put is that, after companies go public, they shift from paying in riskier²¹ private company stock options to more stable “restricted stock” which retain value better. But it may also be that tech workers are not motivated by chasing every last dollar.

　　员工按兵不动的一条原因是，公司上市之后，它们支付的不再是风险更高的私人公司股票期权，而是更保值、更稳定的“限制性股票”。但是，可能也是因为科技公司的员工没有兴趣为了高一点点的工资而不断跳槽。

　　Silicon Valley’s top companies — Facebook, Google, Apple, Amazon — can still hang on to their staff in the face of competition because they offer a combination of stable pay and perks²², such as free meals and even fertility treatments. In addition, shares in these four companies are up an average of 50 per cent this year. One former human relations executive at a big private company describes the problem for start-ups: “Google and a select group of Valley firms effectively set the bar for engineering talent. Rich cash packages and equity layered over time creates a disincentive at best and handcuffs at worst.”

　　面对人才争夺战，Facebook、谷歌(Google)、苹果(Apple)和亚马逊(Amazon)等硅谷的顶级公司仍可以留住员工，因为他们提供稳定的薪水和额外福利，比如免费餐食和助孕治疗方面的补助。此外，今年这4家公司股价的平均涨幅达50%。一家大型私人公司的前人力资源高管描述了创业型企业的这个问题：“谷歌等数家硅谷顶尖公司实际上为技术人才的待遇设立了标准。丰厚的现金酬劳计划，加上随年限增长的股权，往好里说是阻止员工离职的一个因素，往坏里说会带来桎梏。”

　　When engineers do defect, it’s not all about the money. Says Mr Morrell, the recruiter: “Money seems to be the second, third, or fourth priority. It isn’t the catalyst²³. For a lot of workers, the question is how much traction²⁴ does the new company have? Companies are going to have to articulate a real story to convince candidates to jump ship.”

　　当工程师真的跳槽时，所涉及的不全是钱的问题。猎头莫雷尔说：“金钱的重要性似乎排到了第二位、第三位，甚至第四位。金钱不是促使员工决心跳槽的因素。对于众多员工而言，问题在于，这家新公司有多大的吸引力？公司们将不得不讲实话，来说服候选人跳槽过来。”

　　That money-first culture may be quietly shifting on Wall Street, too. Start-up boutique banks continue to sprout²⁵. Founders²⁶ concede that part of their calculation is the chance to keep more of the fees they generate for themselves. But they also say that they also want to be unshackled from the bureaucracy of the big banks.

　　在华尔街，金钱至上的文化可能也在悄然改变。创业型精品银行继续遍地开花。创始人承认，他们的部分考量在于有机会把他们创造的收费中的更多份额留给自己。但他们还表示，他们也想摆脱大银行的官僚作风。

　　For younger financiers, private equity firms such as Blackstone have been touting²⁷ generous maternity²⁸ leave programmes. Bank graduate trainee²⁹ programmes, known for their gruelling hours, have softened³⁰ their demands. Goldman Sachs has also implemented³¹ steps to “retain our most talented people for the long term” rather than simply allowing them to defect to hedge fund jobs after two years. Junior analysts³² can now be promoted directly to the next rung — associate — without having to earn an MBA degree. Traditional MBA recruiting for banks has weakened substantially so the move to hold on to the most junior bankers is savvy³³.

　　黑石(Blackstone)等私人股本公司一直在标榜慷慨的产假计划，以吸引更年轻的金融业人士。以疯狂加班而闻名的银行管理培训生项目，如今也更加仁慈了。高盛(Goldman Sachs)也采取了一些措施，希望“长期留住我们最有才华的员工”，而不是让他们在两年之后跳槽到对冲基金去。如今，初级分析师不必取得MBA学位，就可以直接晋升至更高一级的副经理。银行业原本是MBA毕业生的一个传统去向，但如今银行业对MBA毕业生的吸引力已大幅下降，所以努力留住大多数初级员工的做法是明智的。

　　But even with Saturday nights no longer spent in the office, it remains to be seen what Wall Street can offer to tempt³⁴ the suddenly idealistic.

　　但是，即使周六晚上不再得在办公室度过，我们尚不知道华尔街能用什么手段留住那些突然想要去追寻理想的员工。

1 sagging   

下垂[沉，陷]，松垂，垂度

参考例句：

• The morale of the enemy troops is continuously sagging. 敌军的士气不断低落。
• We are sagging south. 我们的船正离开航线向南漂流。

2 undoubtedly   

adv.确实地，无疑地

参考例句：

• It is undoubtedly she who has said that.这话明明是她说的。
• He is undoubtedly the pride of China.毫无疑问他是中国的骄傲。

3 frustrated   

adj.挫败的，失意的，泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧

参考例句：

• It's very easy to get frustrated in this job. 这个工作很容易令人懊恼。
• The bad weather frustrated all our hopes of going out. 恶劣的天气破坏了我们出行的愿望。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 peeved   

adj.恼怒的，不高兴的v.（使）气恼，（使）焦躁，（使）愤怒( peeve的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He sounded peeved about not being told. 没人通知他，为此他气哼哼的。
• She was very peeved about being left out. 她为被遗漏而恼怒。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

5 silicon   

n.硅(旧名矽)

参考例句：

• This company pioneered the use of silicon chip.这家公司开创了使用硅片的方法。
• A chip is a piece of silicon about the size of a postage stamp.芯片就是一枚邮票大小的硅片。

6 mythology   

n.神话，神话学，神话集

参考例句：

• In Greek mythology,Zeus was the ruler of Gods and men.在希腊神话中，宙斯是众神和人类的统治者。
• He is the hero of Greek mythology.他是希腊民间传说中的英雄。

7 hitch   

v.免费搭(车旅行)；系住；急提；n.故障；急拉

参考例句：

• They had an eighty-mile journey and decided to hitch hike.他们要走80英里的路程，最后决定搭便车。
• All the candidates are able to answer the questions without any hitch.所有报考者都能对答如流。

8 corporate   

adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的

参考例句：

• This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
• His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

9 equity   

n.公正，公平，（无固定利息的）股票

参考例句：

• They shared the work of the house with equity.他们公平地分担家务。
• To capture his equity,Murphy must either sell or refinance.要获得资产净值，墨菲必须出售或者重新融资。

10 component   

n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的

参考例句：

• Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
• Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

11 morale   

n.道德准则，士气，斗志

参考例句：

• The morale of the enemy troops is sinking lower every day.敌军的士气日益低落。
• He tried to bolster up their morale.他尽力鼓舞他们的士气。

12 retention   

n.保留，保持，保持力，记忆力

参考例句：

• They advocate the retention of our nuclear power plants.他们主张保留我们的核电厂。
• His retention of energy at this hour is really surprising.人们惊叹他在这个时候还能保持如此旺盛的精力。

13 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

14 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

15 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

16 turnover   

n.人员流动率，人事变动率；营业额，成交量

参考例句：

• The store greatly reduced the prices to make a quick turnover.这家商店实行大减价以迅速周转资金。
• Our turnover actually increased last year.去年我们的营业额竟然增加了。

17 spike   

n.长钉，钉鞋；v.以大钉钉牢，使...失效

参考例句：

• The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
• They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。

18 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。

19 sliver   

n.裂片，细片，梳毛；v.纵切，切成长片，剖开

参考例句：

• There was only one sliver of light in the darkness.黑暗中只有一点零星的光亮。
• Then,one night,Monica saw a thin sliver of the moon reappear.之后的一天晚上，莫尼卡看到了一个月牙。

20 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

21 riskier   

冒险的，危险的( risky的比较级 )

参考例句：

• Now they are starting to demand higher returns on riskier assets. 而今他们开始在风险更高的资产上要求更高的回报。
• The problem with that: RIM's business is getting riskier every quarter. 不过问题也随之而来：RIM面临的业务风险正逐季增大。

22 perks   

额外津贴，附带福利，外快( perk的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Perks offered by the firm include a car and free health insurance. 公司给予的额外待遇包括一辆汽车和免费健康保险。
• Are there any perks that go with your job? 你的工作有什么津贴吗？

23 catalyst   

n.催化剂，造成变化的人或事

参考例句：

• A catalyst is a substance which speeds up a chemical reaction.催化剂是一种能加速化学反应的物质。
• The workers'demand for better conditions was a catalyst for social change.工人们要求改善工作条件促进了社会变革。

24 traction   

n.牵引；附着摩擦力

参考例句：

• I'll show you how the traction is applied.我会让你看如何做这种牵引。
• She's injured her back and is in traction for a month.她背部受伤，正在作一个月的牵引治疗。

25 sprout   

n.芽，萌芽；vt.使发芽，摘去芽；vi.长芽，抽条

参考例句：

• When do deer first sprout horns?鹿在多大的时候开始长出角？
• It takes about a week for the seeds to sprout.这些种子大约要一周后才会发芽。

26 founders   

n.创始人( founder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He was one of the founders of the university's medical faculty. 他是该大学医学院的创建人之一。 来自辞典例句
• The founders of our religion made this a cornerstone of morality. 我们宗教的创始人把这看作是道德的基石。 来自辞典例句

27 touting   

v.兜售( tout的现在分词 )；招揽；侦查；探听赛马情报

参考例句：

• He's been touting his novel around publishers for years. 他几年来一直到处找出版商兜售自己的小说。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Technology industry leaders are touting cars as a hot area for growth. 科技产业领袖吹捧为增长热点地区的汽车。 来自互联网

28 maternity   

n.母性，母道，妇产科病房；adj.孕妇的，母性的

参考例句：

• Women workers are entitled to maternity leave with full pay.女工产假期间工资照发。
• Trainee nurses have to work for some weeks in maternity.受训的护士必须在产科病房工作数周。

29 trainee   

n.受训练者

参考例句：

• The trainee checked out all right on his first flight.受训者第一次飞行完全合格。
• Few of the trainee footballers make it to the top.足球受训人员中没有几个能达到顶级水平。

30 softened   

（使）变软( soften的过去式和过去分词 )； 缓解打击； 缓和； 安慰

参考例句：

• His smile softened slightly. 他的微笑稍柔和了些。
• The ice cream softened and began to melt. 冰淇淋开始变软并开始融化。

31 implemented   

v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 )；执行；贯彻；使生效

参考例句：

• This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革，经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句

32 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

33 savvy   

v.知道，了解；n.理解能力，机智，悟性；adj.有见识的，懂实际知识的，通情达理的

参考例句：

• She was a pretty savvy woman.她是个见过世面的漂亮女人。
• Where's your savvy?你的常识到哪里去了？

34 tempt   

vt.引诱，勾引，吸引，引起…的兴趣

参考例句：

• Nothing could tempt him to such a course of action.什么都不能诱使他去那样做。
• The fact that she had become wealthy did not tempt her to alter her frugal way of life.她有钱了，可这丝毫没能让她改变节俭的生活习惯。