10个“小词”助力托福写作

 　　很多同学都会在托福写作中绞尽脑汁使用“高端词汇”以为自己的作文增光添彩。殊不知，如果“大词”使用不当会适得其反，使自己的作文成绩大打折扣。事实上，巧用常见词汇也可以起到不错的效果，可以使自己的文章显得更地道。下面我们整理了十个新托福写作中最常用的小词，希望能对各位同学的复习有所启发。

　　1. Challenge¹

　　(1) challenge sb to do sth. 向……挑战，邀请……比赛

　　例句：They challenge us to a swimming contest.

　　(2) accept a challenge 接受挑战

　　例句：He bravely accepted the challenge of his career.

　　2. Share

　　(1) share 部分

　　例句：Everybody ought to have his proper share.

　　(2) share 参与、贡献

　　例句：I had no share in the mater.

　　(3) share with/between 分配，共有

　　例句：They shared the profits between them.

　　I will share with you in the undertaking².

　　3. Instead

　　(1) instead 代替

　　例句：If you cannot go, let him go instead.

　　(2) instead of 代替

　　例句：I will go instead of you.

　　4. Manage

　　(1) manage to do 完成，达成

　　例句：We finally managed to get there in time.

　　(2) manage with 应付困境

　　例句：We can't manage with these poor tools.

　　How will she manage with her husband gone？

　　(3) manage on 生活，过活

　　例句：People like Jim have to manage on as little as $75 a week.

　　5. Afford

　　(1) afford to do 足以承担

　　例句：I cannot afford to pay such a high price.

　　(2) afford 产生

　　例句：Reading affords pleasure.

　　6. Rather

　　(1) would rather do 宁愿

　　例句：He said he would rather stay at home.

　　(2) rather than 宁愿

　　例句：I had rather dance than eat.

　　7. Ever

　　(1) ever 曾经

　　例句：Have you ever been there?

　　(2) ever 究竟

　　例句：Why ever didn't you go?

　　(3) ever 如果

　　例句：If the band ever plays again, we will dance.

　　(4)ever so 非常 (=very)

　　例句：Thank you ever so much.

　　8. Available

　　(1) available 通用的，有效的

　　例句：The season ticket is available for three months.

　　(2) available 可用的，可达到的

　　例句：No enough data is available to scientists.

　　9. Else

　　(1) else 此外，别的

　　例句：Where else did you go?

　　(2) else 否则，不然

　　例句：Hurry, else you'll be late.

　　10. Involve

　　(1) involve 包括

　　例句：Housekeeping involves cooking, washing dishes, sweeping³, and cleaning.

　　(2) involve 使陷于

　　例句：One foolish mistake can involve you in a good deal of trouble.

　　(3) involve 使纠缠，使难得

　　例句：A sentence that is involved is hard to understand.

　　(4) involve 包围

　　例句：Clouds involved the hilltop.

1 challenge   

n.挑战；v.向...挑战

参考例句：

• The job doesn't really challenge him.这项工作不能真正地考验他。
• She looked at me with challenge.她带着挑战的目光看着我。

2 undertaking   

n.保证，许诺，事业

参考例句：

• He gave her an undertaking that he would pay the money back with in a year.他向她做了一年内还钱的保证。
• He is too timid to venture upon an undertaking.他太胆小，不敢从事任何事业。

3 sweeping   

adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的

参考例句：

• The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
• Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗？