托福语法技巧：than/as+代词+助动词

 　　当than或as¹的前后所用的动词相同时，常可以用助动词代替第二个动词：

　　I earn² less³ than he does．

　　我比他钱挣得少。

　　主句与从句中的动词不必使用同一时态：

　　He knows more than I did⁴ at his age．

　　他要比我在他这个年龄时懂得多。

　　如从句由than/as＋I/we/you+动词组成而时态并无变化时，常常将动词省略：

　　I’m not as old as you（are）．

　　我没有你年龄大。

　　He has more time than I/we（have）．

　　他的时间比我/我们多。

　　正规英语中as/than后仍使用I/we，因为动词虽被省略，代词仍被看做是动词的主语，因此仍用主格。但在非正式英语中，me/us更常用：

　　He had⁵ more time than me．

　　他比我时间多。

　　They are richer than us．

　　他们比我们富有。

　　如than/as后跟he/she/it+动词，常常保留动词：

　　You are stronger than he is．

　　你比他强壮。

　　但在极正式的英语中，可以用he/she/they而免去动词。在非常口语化的英语中可用him/her/them而免去动词。

　　这些规则也适用于副词比较级：

　　I swim better than he does/better than him．我游泳比他好。

　　They work harder than we do/harder than us．他们比我们干得卖劲。

　　You can’t type⁶ as fast as I can/as fast as me．你打字不如我快。

　　本文由在线英语听力室整理编辑。

 

1 as   

conj.按照；如同

参考例句：

• He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
• In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里，这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。

2 earn   

v.嫌得；挣得

参考例句：

• Nowadays it is very easy to earn a living.现今谋生很容易。
• I expect it to earn its cost in less than three years.我希望它在3年内赚回成本。

3 less   

adj.更少的，更小的；adv.更少地，更小地；n.少量，次要；prep.减

参考例句：

• I read much less now than I did at school.我现在看书远比我上学时少。
• You can't buy the dress with less than 50 yuan.买这件衣服没有50元钱下不来。

4 did   

v.动词do的过去式

参考例句：

• How many goals did you score in the last game?上一场比赛你们进了几个球？
• Why did you choose basketball in the first place?你为何首先选择篮球呢？

5 had   

vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有

参考例句：

• I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
• The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。

6 type   

n.类型，型号，样式；v.打字，用打字打出

参考例句：

• He is a fine type of the youth.他是青年人的一个典范。
• She can type 70 words a minute.她一分钟能打70个字。