托福词汇之中国传统词汇

 　　中国传统词汇如四大名著，四大发明怎么用英文表达?托福作文和口语中，经常会有需要考生做介绍，文化和对比话题考生通常倾向于使用本国自己的所见所谓来描述，所以我们必须学会用英语表达。下面是小编给大家整理的一些中国传统词汇的英文翻译。

　　1.治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos¹ to decline

　　2.刺绣：embroidery²

　　3.重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival

　　4.清明节：Tomb sweeping³ day

　　5.剪纸：Paper Cutting

　　6.书法：Calligraphy⁴

　　7.对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets

　　8.象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters

　　9.人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow

　　10.四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle

　　11.战国：Warring States

　　12.风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen⁵

　　13.铁饭碗：Iron Bowl

　　14.函授部：The Correspondence Department

　　15.集体舞：Group Dance

　　16.黄土高原：Loess Plateau

　　17.红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals

　　18.中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day

　　19.结婚证：Marriage Certificate

　　20.儒家文化：Confucian Culture

　　21.附属学校：Affiliated⁶ school

　　22.古装片：Costume Drama

　　23.武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie

　　24.元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)

　　25.一国两制：One Country, Two Systems

　　26.火锅：Hot Pot

　　27.四人帮：Gang of Four

　　28.《诗经》：The Book of Songs

　　29.素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education

　　30.《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian

　　31.大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)

　　32.《西游记》：The Journey to the West

　　33.除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival

　　34.针灸：Acupuncture⁷

　　35.唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery⁸ of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery

　　36.中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese

　　characteristics

　　37.偏旁：radical⁹

　　38.孟子：Mencius

　　39.亭/阁： Pavilion/ Attic¹⁰

　　40.大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises

　　41.火药：gunpowder¹¹

　　42.农历：Lunar Calendar

　　43.印/玺：Seal/Stamp

　　44.物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization

　　45.京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera

　　46.秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera

　　47.太极拳：Tai Chi

　　48.独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child

　　49.天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing

　　50.小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand

　　51.红双喜：Double Happiness

　　52.政治辅导员：Political Counselor¹²/School Counselor

　　53.春卷：Spring Roll(s)

　　54.莲藕：Lotus Root

　　55.追星族：Star Struck

　　56.故宫博物院：The Palace Museum

　　57.相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue

　　58.下岗：Lay off/Laid off

　　59.北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck

　　60.高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education

　　61.烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker

　　62.敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves

　　63.电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit¹³

　　64.香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao

　　65.文化大革命：Cultural Revolution

　　66.长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River

　　67.门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match

　　68.《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh¹⁴

　　69.中外合资企业：Joint¹⁵ Ventures

　　70.文房四宝(笔墨纸砚)："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone"

　　71.兵马俑：cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army

　　72.八卦 trigram

　　73.阴、阳 yin, yang

　　74. 江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits’ world)

　　75.道 Daoism(Taoism)

　　76.上火 excessive internal heat

　　77.儒学 Confucianism

　　78.红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology

　　79.世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia

　　80.馄饨 wonton

　　81.锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)

　　82.花卷 steamed twisted rolls

　　83.套餐 set meal

　　84.盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away

　　85.米豆腐 rice tofu

　　86.魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu

　　87.米粉 rice noodles

　　88.冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)

　　89.火锅 chafing¹⁶ dish

　　90.八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding

　　91.粉丝 glass noodles

　　92.豆腐脑 jellied bean curd¹⁷

　　93.脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty

　　94.元宵节： Lantern Festival

　　95.端午节 Dragon Boat Festival

　　96.妇女节 Women’s Day

　　97.泼水节 Water-Splashing Day

　　98.教师节 Teachers’ Day

　　99.五四青年节 Youth Day

　　100.十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan

　　101.三峡工程 the Three Gorges¹⁸ Project

　　102.希望工程 Project Hope

　　103.京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway

　　104.扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project

　　105.菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project

1 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

2 embroidery   

n.绣花，刺绣；绣制品

参考例句：

• This exquisite embroidery won people's great admiration.这件精美的绣品，使人惊叹不已。
• This is Jane's first attempt at embroidery.这是简第一次试着绣花。

3 sweeping   

adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的

参考例句：

• The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
• Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗？

4 calligraphy   

n.书法

参考例句：

• At the calligraphy competition,people asked him to write a few characters.书法比赛会上，人们请他留字。
• His calligraphy is vigorous and forceful.他的书法苍劲有力。

5 omen   

n.征兆，预兆；vt.预示

参考例句：

• The superstitious regard it as a bad omen.迷信的人认为那是一种恶兆。
• Could this at last be a good omen for peace?这是否终于可以视作和平的吉兆了？

6 affiliated   

adj. 附属的, 有关连的

参考例句：

• The hospital is affiliated with the local university. 这家医院附属于当地大学。
• All affiliated members can vote. 所有隶属成员都有投票权。

7 acupuncture   

n.针灸，针刺法，针疗法

参考例句：

• Written records show that acupuncture dates back to the Song Dynasty.文字记载表明，宋朝就已经有了针灸。
• It's known that acupuncture originated in China.众所周知，针灸起源于中国。

8 pottery   

n.陶器，陶器场

参考例句：

• My sister likes to learn art pottery in her spare time.我妹妹喜欢在空余时间学习陶艺。
• The pottery was left to bake in the hot sun.陶器放在外面让炎热的太阳烘晒焙干。

9 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

10 attic   

n.顶楼，屋顶室

参考例句：

• Leakiness in the roof caused a damp attic.屋漏使顶楼潮湿。
• What's to be done with all this stuff in the attic?顶楼上的材料怎么处理？

11 gunpowder   

n.火药

参考例句：

• Gunpowder was introduced into Europe during the first half of the 14th century.在14世纪上半叶，火药传入欧洲。
• This statement has a strong smell of gunpowder.这是一篇充满火药味的声明。

12 counselor   

n.顾问，法律顾问

参考例句：

• The counselor gave us some disinterested advice.顾问给了我们一些无私的忠告。
• Chinese commercial counselor's office in foreign countries.中国驻国外商务参赞处。

13 skit   

n.滑稽短剧；一群

参考例句：

• The comic skIt sent up the foolishness of young men in love.那幅画把沉溺于热恋中的青年男子的痴态勾勒得滑稽可笑。
• They performed a skit to amuse the crowd.他们表演了一个幽默小品来娱乐观众。

14 marsh   

n.沼泽，湿地

参考例句：

• There are a lot of frogs in the marsh.沼泽里有许多青蛙。
• I made my way slowly out of the marsh.我缓慢地走出这片沼泽地。

15 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

16 chafing   

n.皮肤发炎v.擦热（尤指皮肤）( chafe的现在分词 )；擦痛；发怒；惹怒

参考例句：

• My shorts were chafing my thighs. 我的短裤把大腿磨得生疼。 来自辞典例句
• We made coffee in a chafing dish. 我们用暖锅烧咖啡。 来自辞典例句

17 curd   

n.凝乳；凝乳状物

参考例句：

• I'd like to add some pepper to the bean curd.我想在豆腐里加一点辣椒粉。
• The next one is bean curd with crab roe.下一个是蟹黄豆腐。

18 gorges   

n.山峡，峡谷( gorge的名词复数 )；咽喉v.（用食物把自己）塞饱，填饱( gorge的第三人称单数 )；作呕

参考例句：

• The explorers were confronted with gorges(that were)almost impassable and rivers(that were)often unfordable. 探险人员面临着几乎是无路可通的峡谷和常常是无法渡过的河流。 来自辞典例句
• We visited the Yangtse Gorges last summer. 去年夏天我们游历了长江三峡。 来自辞典例句