高考历年真题及解析－－从句(1-2)

二、定语从句

<一>引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词

	关系词	修饰先行词	例句
关系代词	that	人 / 物	Do you know the man that / who is talking to my brother？ 你认识和我哥哥聊天的那个人吗？
	which	物	The book that / which I borrowed1 from John is very interesting. 我从John那借来的书很有趣儿。
	who	人	I don’t know the man that / who is waiting for you at the gate. 我不认识在大门口等你的人。
	whom2	人	The man that / whom you met in the supermarket is Tom’s father. 你在超市遇见的那个人是Tom的父亲。
	whose	人 / 物	Do you know the man whose wife3 is injured4 in a car accident5？ 你认识那个在车祸中妻子受伤的人吗？
关系副词	when	时间	I will never forget the day when I met you. 我永远忘不了我遇见你的那一天。
	where	地点	That is the school where I have studied for 6 years. 那就是我学习了六年的学校。
	how	方式	I have forgot6 the way how to get to the railway7 station. 我已经忘了去火车站的路。
	why	原因	That is the reason8 why he didn’t come. 那就是他没来的原因。

<二>that和which引导定语从句的区别

　1.不用that的情况

　　（1）在引导非限定性定语从句时

　　 例句：He can speak English fluently，which impressed⁹ me most.

　　　　　 他的英语讲得很流利，给我留下了深刻印象。

　　（2） 介词后不能用

　　 例句：This is the house in which I have lived for 2 years.

　　　　　 这就是我居住了两年的房子。

　2.只能用that引导定语从句的情况

　　（1）在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, something, the one, all, much, few¹⁰, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

　　　例句：There is nothing that we can use.

　　　　　　 这里没什么我们可用的东西。

　　（2）先行词有no, the only, the very, some修饰时，只用that。　

　　　例句：This is the very man that I want to meet.

　　　　　　 这正是我要见的人。

　　（3）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。.

　　　例句：That is the most important¹¹ thing that I want to know.

　　　　　 那是我想知道的最重要的事。

1 borrowed   

adj.借来的

参考例句：

• I feel honor bound to repay the money I borrowed. 我觉得有责任归还我借的钱。
• I have left the watch as pledge for borrowed money. 我留下这块手表作为借款的抵押物。

2 whom   

pron.谁（who的宾格）

参考例句：

• That is the man whom I met in Beijing last year.他就是我去年在北京碰见的那个人。
• He married a wife by whom he had two daughters.他娶了妻子并跟她生了两个女儿。

3 wife   

n.妻子，太太，老婆

参考例句：

• She is my wife.她是我妻子。
• He is a tall man but his wife is a short woman.他是个子很高的男人，但他妻子很矮。

4 injured   

adj.受伤的

参考例句：

• Our best defender is injured and won't be able to play today.我们最佳的防守员受伤了，今天不能参加比赛。
• The injured men have been dug out of the snow.受伤人员从雪中被挖了出来。

5 accident   

n.事故，意外的事

参考例句：

• He had a traffic accident.他出了交通事故。
• An accident was happened yesterday.昨天发生了一起事故。

6 forgot   

v.动词forget的过去式，忘记，遗漏，轻忽

参考例句：

• The boy forgot where he put his textbook.那男孩忘记把课本放在什么地方了。
• I forgot how to do it.我忘记怎样做了。

7 railway   

n.铁路；v.由铁道运输

参考例句：

• Police closed in the railway station.警察关闭了火车站。
• Our village is close to the railway station.我们村挨近火车站。

8 reason   

n.原因，理由，理智，道理；v.劝说，推理

参考例句：

• That is the reason why we must go now.那就是我们现在必须走的理由。
• The reason for the flood was that heavy rain.水灾是那场大雨造成的。

9 impressed   

adj.印象深刻的v.使感动，使印象深刻( impress的过去式和过去分词)

参考例句：

• He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。
• I was impressed by his handling of the affair. 他对此事的处理方式我甚感佩服。

10 few   

adj.很少的，不多的，少数的；int.少数的

参考例句：

• There are few woods in that area.那个地区几乎没有森林。
• I have a few questions.我有些问题要问你。

11 important   

adj.重要的；重大的；严重的

参考例句：

• It's important to find out what he is doing.弄清他在干什么是重要的。
• This is a very important problem.这个问题很重要。