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从高考试题看英语动词搭配的命题特点

时间:2006-04-26 16:00来源:互联网 提供网友:sjzs1190   字体: [ ]
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??随着高考命题由知识型向能力型的转化,对英语常用动词搭配(包括短语动词)的考查方式也日趋灵活多样。因此复习备考时针对动词搭配这一考点要活跃思维,提高解题能力。通过对近年来高考试题的研究,可以发现高考对此考点的命题主要体现在以下几个方面:
??1.多在具体的语境中进行考查短语动词在常见句型结构中的灵活运用以及考查常用短语动词之间意义的辨析,常考的动词有call,get,give,look,make,put,turn等。
??(1)NMET2000 The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.
??A.carry out??B.carrying out??C.carried out??D.to carry out
??该题考查了动词搭配“carry out the plan”在“see+宾语+过去分词”结构中的变异运用,将“the plan”充当定语从句的先行词,然后考查考生能否识别出来是上述结构的灵活变异,故此应选C。又如:
??NMET2000(春)?—It's a good idea.But who's going to ______the plan?
??—I think Tom and Greg will.(B)
??A.set aside??B.carry out??C.take in??D.get through
??(2)NMET’98?Nobody noticed the thief slip1 into the house because the lights happened to______.
??A.be put up??B.give in??C.be turned on??D.go out
??该题中出现了四个常用动词搭配,反映了命题者想考查考生对短语动词或动词搭配的综合掌握能力,命题设计精致巧妙,据题意分析可知“碰巧灯灭了”而“go out”又能表示“(a fire or light) to stop burning or shining熄灭”之意,故该题应选D。
??(3)NMET’97?She ______his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right.
??A.looked up??B.looked for??C.picked out??D.picked up
??该题考查了四个常见动词短语之间的辨析,由题意可知应选A。常形成这样的动词搭配“to look up a word in the dictionary;to look up the information/the message/the number/the time…”等。类似的高考命题还有:
???NMET’95?I can hardly hear the radio.Would you please______?(C)
??A.turn it on??B.turn it down??C.turn it up???D.turn in off
??MET’93?Readers can______ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.(C)
??A.get over??B.get in??C.get along??D.get through
??MET’92?I really don't want to go to the party,but I don't see how I can ______it.(B)
??A.get back from??B.get out of??C.get away??D.get off
??2.考查常见动词与名词,冠词或副词的搭配情况
??(4)NMET’97?If by any chance someone comes to see me,ask them to leave a ______.
??A.message??B.letter??C.sentence??D.notice
??该题考查了常用动词leave所形成的搭配“to leave a message(留口信)”,故选A。
??(5)NMET’96?We decided2 not to climb the mountain because it was raining ______.
??A.badly??B.hardly??C.strongly??D.heavily
??该题考查了常用动词“rain”所形成的固定搭配“rain hard/heavily/cats and dogs”,故应选D,类似的高考命题又如:
??NMET’94?Here's my card.Let's keep in______.(A)
??A.touch??B.relation??C.connection??D.friendship
??(6)MET’93?We've missed the last bus.I'm afraid we have no ______but to take a taxi.
??A.way??B.choice??C.possibility??D.selection3
??该题因出现了常用的动词固定搭配“have no choice but to do sth.(除做…外别无选择)”,故选B。又如:
??MET’92?We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ______.(C)
??A.fact??B.reality??C.practice??D.deed
??(7)MET’91?Alexander Graham Bell invented ______telephone in 1876.
??A.不填??B.a??C.the??D.one
??该题考查了动词搭配“invent the+名词”,故此题选C。该动词搭配在高考中曾三次命题测试其搭配。如:
??MET’89?It is well known4 that Thomas Edison ______the electric lamp.(A)
??A.invented??B.discovered??C.found??D.developed
??MET’93?Charles Babbage is generally considered ______the first computer.(C)
??A.to invent??B.inventing??C.to have invented??D.having invented
??3.考查动词搭配中基本动词的特殊用法或常用动词形成固定搭配时的用法
??(8)NMET’98?Cleaning women in big cities usually get ______ by the hour.
??A.pay??B.paying??C.paid??D.to pay
??该题考查了动词“get”所形成的特殊搭配,即“get+过去分词”,如get lost,get married,get changed,get dressed;get paid等,故应选C。
??(9)NMET’96?______in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.
??A.Losing??B.Having lost??C.Lost??D.To lose
??该题考查了固定搭配“lose…in thought(陷入沉思)”,故应选C。同理又如:
??MET’91?The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself ______.(D)
??A.hear??B.to hear??C.hearing??D.heard
??MET’90?______more attention,the trees could have grown better.(A)
??A.Given??B.To give??C.Giving??D.Having given
??(10)MET’93?The captain______ an apology to the passengers for the delay5 caused by bad weather.
??A.made??B.said??C.put??D.passed
??该题考查了常用动词“make”形成的固定搭配“make an apology to sb.(向某人道歉)”,故应选A。同理又如:
??MET’93?If no one______the phone at home,ring me at work.(C)
??A.returns??B.replies??C.answers??D.receives 


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1 slip jEfzM     
n.滑倒,事故,片,纸片;vi.滑动,滑倒,失足;减退;vt.使滑动,滑过,摆脱,闪开,塞入;adj.滑动的,活络的,有活结的
参考例句:
  • One slip and you could fall off the building.脚下一滑就可能从建筑物上跌下去。
  • I hope you will pardon me for that slip.我希望您原谅我那次失误。
2 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
3 selection EZ3xX     
n.选择,挑选,精选品,可选择的东西
参考例句:
  • We left the selection of the team to the captain.我们把挑选队员的工作交给了队长。
  • The shop has a fine selection of cheeses.那家商店有各种精美乳酪可供选购。
4 known hpKzdc     
adj.大家知道的;知名的,已知的
参考例句:
  • He is a known artist.他是一个知名的艺术家。
  • He is known both as a painter and as a statesman.他是知名的画家及政治家。
5 delay UxixO     
v./ n.拖延,延误,延迟,延期;耽搁
参考例句:
  • The strike caused a great delay in the delivery of the mail.这次罢工严重地延误了邮件的投递。
  • I couldn't judge whether the delay was good or bad.我不能断定这样延迟是好还是坏。
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