【简明语法】21.7 情态动词+ have +过去分词

1) may(might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth　表示过去，推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。
　　Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident¹.
　　Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.

2)　must have +done sth，对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测，语气较强，具有"肯定"，"谅必"的意思。
　---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.
　---She must have gone by bus.

3) ought² to have done sth, should have done sth
　　本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。否定句表示"不该做某事而做了"。
　　You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment³.
　　He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事实上已扔了。）
　　ought to 在语气上比should 要强。

4) needn't have done sth　 本没必要做某事
　　I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I　needn't have done so. The weather was⁴ hot.

5) would⁵ like to have done sth　 本打算做某事　
　　I would like to have read the article⁶, but I was very busy then.

1 accident   

n.事故，意外的事

参考例句：

• He had a traffic accident.他出了交通事故。
• An accident was happened yesterday.昨天发生了一起事故。

2 ought   

v.aux.应该，大概；n.责任

参考例句：

• Ought I to hand in the homework today?我应当在今天交上作业吗？
• They ought to be here by now.他们这个时候该到了。

3 experiment   

n.实验，试验，尝试；v.实验，尝试

参考例句：

• We decided to begin the experiment in the evening.我们决定晚上开始那个实验。
• Why did he do that experiment once again?为什么他再次做那个实验？

4 was   

v.(is,am的过去式)是，在

参考例句：

• He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
• He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。

5 would   

aux.will的过去式；愿，要；常常；大概；将要，会

参考例句：

• Why would you say that?为什么你会这么说？
• Would you please help me?你能帮帮我吗？

6 article   

n.文章，物品，条款；冠词

参考例句：

• The article is very important.这篇文章很重要。
• Can you translate this article for me?你能替我翻译这篇文章吗？