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雅思写作掌握规律轻松应对不同题目

时间:2015-11-01 08:00来源:互联网 提供网友:mapleleaf   字体: [ ]
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   雅思作文的题材相对固定在几个重要的社会热点话题,尽管考题库里有300道左右的题目,但题材相对集中。因此,对于大量换汤不换药的同类型题目,只要我们掌握了规律,就可以举一反三,融会贯通,以一挡十。

  请看下题:
  V119 Universities should accept equal numbers of male and female students for every subject. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
  这实际是从教育领域让我们议论男女平等。类似的一道也是考过多次的考题还有
  Some country allow women to join the armed forces, well some others think not such as navy, army doesn't suit for women, do you agree or disagree? Use your own experience and reasons.
  G类的考生还曾被考过女性当警察,好还是不好。依此类推,如果哪天考官再出,现在女科学家,女性政府官员越来越多,好还是不好。只要准备过其中一篇,我们自可从容应对。下面以教育领域的男女平等为例,我给大家介绍怎样巧言善辩,并融会贯通。
  V119的关键词有两个,every subject , equal number 这道题,很难折衷地说,每个学科既应该男女人数均等,又不该均等,所以结构上只能写单边支持,或者单边反对,两条路,要么写每个学科男女生人数应该均等,要么写每个学科男女生人数不必强求一致,有趣的是,在写作强化班我给大家的小册子里,两篇V119的高分范文,观点截然相反,但使用的“工具”,或者论据都一模一样,实际上,我们在考场上,想到的可用的论点论据往往是有限的,怎样用有限的工具,去解决花样繁多的作文题目,还能巧妙地自圆其说呢?以该题为例:我们可以初步检查一下可用的论点。
  “存在的往往就是合理的”,学过雅思写作的同学对这一点一定是深有体会!想一下身边的具体的现象,真的会帮助我们把抽象的作文题具体化,提供最初的写作灵感。中国的大学和国外的大学,现在每个学科有没有做到男女生人数均等呢?答案是否定的。我们接着想原因,有可能是我们该作文的一条重要论据。大家马上就可以告诉我, gender1 feature 是主要原因,的确,male and female tend to have different physical traits and way of thinking , being adept2 at certain fields in tertiary education. 以上的论点,正好可以支持“不必强求一致”派。性别特点是一个重要的工具,是我们写男女权利要用的最重要的论据之一。问题是,我们能否用这个论据,来支持“人数均等”派呢?只要想到我们写作课常用的一个表达,就解决问题了:正因为 different gender feature, they tend to complement3 each other both physically4 and psychologically , bringing their talents and strengths into full play. 其中,complement 是很多雅思作文都要用到的一个词汇,说男女生互补。也可换形容词用,complementary to each other.
  第一个自然段有了着落,我们来看还有什么论据可用。除了性别差异,我们接着找社会原因,发现Sex discrimination 也是导致该现状的主要因素。不少同学都能成功地写出类似的表达:In the old days majority of women were deprived the right of further education, which has been changed dramatically thanks to the growing gender equality in the modern society .这个道理我们很容易认同,想想这句话是哪一派的论据,显然,它帮助了“人数均等”派的论证。现在的问题是,有没有办法用同样的工具,帮“不必强求一致”派说话?如果能做到这一点,大家的辩论能力是很强的了。这是我们从V119的两篇范文中拿出的一个论证部分:
  To eliminate sex discrimination means rather taking special consideration of the willingness and qualification of the two gender rather than purely5 statistical6 data , otherwise an overwhelming waste of talents would arise as the university turn down those eligible7 as well as enthusiastic applicants8, based on superficial apprehension9 of sex equality.
  性别歧视不应该仅仅是报表上的数据,更应该是尊重男女生的意愿,如果强求一致,就会在性别平等的旗帜下,把有才华并热衷于该学科的申请人拒之门外,反而导致人才浪费。这段话真是充满了说服力。
  两个自然段采用的是男女平等类话题,最经常采用的两大论据。第三个自然段,我们可以按照惯例,雅思作文的话题是什么,我们就扣问一下该事物的功能或目的,既然写的是大学招生政策,我们就可以想想,大学成立的根本目的何在?这个问题很好回答:
  The ultimate purpose of the tertiary education is to cater10 for the demand of the society for intelligent resources.
  大家都认同的一个道理,想想看,这个论据可以拿来支持谁?答案是两派都可以,只要做到自圆其说,“不必强求一致”派可以说,由于现在社会上以男女为划分的社会分工,并不均衡,(uneven division of labor11 in terms of gender)所以为了跟现实同步(keep abreast12 with the reality), 学校的招生政策也应顺其自然。而“男女人数均等”派可以说,随着社会文明的进步,以性别为划分的社会分工正在日趋一致,因此,学校的招生政策应该做出调整。
  Enrolment policy should be adjusted accordingly along with the progress of the social civilization and sexual equality.
  这样,我们就完成了有血有肉的两篇文章,用的工具居然都是一样的,都很好达到了考官要考察的自圆其说。练完这一篇教育领域的男女平等的话题,其他领域的男女平等大多可以类推,再加上一些调整即可做到雄辩和说服力。
  如果我们考场上又碰到女性参军好还是不好这篇作文,即可主张女性参军,也可反对女性参军,考官并不关心你同意还是不同意的大的观点,考官要重点考察的是你的论证过程能否自圆其说,以及语言的准确和丰富程度。在时间紧,想到的论据有限的前提下,看看上述这两个“共同的工具”能否帮我们构造好文:
  以“男女特点不同”支持女性参军,可写:
  With the nature of the modern war changed from physical-oriented to the one replete13 with high technology , female could exhibit their versatile14 talents in the various posts of the army, such as detective , nursing , information analysis and even commanding .
  以“男女特点不同”反对女性参军,可写:
  Deemed as passive , caring and gentle, females could hardly fit in the masculine, aggressive and cold-blooded battlefield not only physically but also mentally.
  以“男女平等”支持女性参军,可写:
  With the increasingly improved sexual equality in all walks of life , it has been an inevitable15 trend that women are entitled to serve in the army .
  以“男女平等”反对女性参军,可写:
  It is understandable that to tear down the sex discrimination means more freedom and options rather than compulsory16 military service for the women.
  第三个自然段还可探讨部队存在的目的,To build up the defensive17 ability of the country is the original intention of the military service.
  女性参军的支持者可写,
  Complementing18 their male counterparts, females would help enhance the overall efficiency and morale19 of the army ,thus sharpening the edge of the military .
  反对者则可以:
  Highly effective maneuvering20 and operating is the key to success for military force, which is hard to secure since recruiting female soldiers would induce more discriminated21 and complex rules , regulations and sometimes even compromises.
  再根据我们课堂上的论证手法充实一些例子,细节,对比点,富于个性,言之有物的百变作文,就由你自己亲手完成啦。

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 gender slSyD     
n.(生理上的)性,(名词、代词等的)性
参考例句:
  • French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语,所有的名词都有性。
  • Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。
2 adept EJIyO     
adj.老练的,精通的
参考例句:
  • When it comes to photography,I'm not an adept.要说照相,我不是内行。
  • He was highly adept at avoiding trouble.他十分善于避开麻烦。
3 complement ZbTyZ     
n.补足物,船上的定员;补语;vt.补充,补足
参考例句:
  • The two suggestions complement each other.这两条建议相互补充。
  • They oppose each other also complement each other.它们相辅相成。
4 physically iNix5     
adj.物质上,体格上,身体上,按自然规律
参考例句:
  • He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服,心绪也很乱。
  • Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。
5 purely 8Sqxf     
adv.纯粹地,完全地
参考例句:
  • I helped him purely and simply out of friendship.我帮他纯粹是出于友情。
  • This disproves the theory that children are purely imitative.这证明认为儿童只会单纯地模仿的理论是站不住脚的。
6 statistical bu3wa     
adj.统计的,统计学的
参考例句:
  • He showed the price fluctuations in a statistical table.他用统计表显示价格的波动。
  • They're making detailed statistical analysis.他们正在做具体的统计分析。
7 eligible Cq6xL     
adj.有条件被选中的;(尤指婚姻等)合适(意)的
参考例句:
  • He is an eligible young man.他是一个合格的年轻人。
  • Helen married an eligible bachelor.海伦嫁给了一个中意的单身汉。
8 applicants aaea8e805a118b90e86f7044ecfb6d59     
申请人,求职人( applicant的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。
  • He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。
9 apprehension bNayw     
n.理解,领悟;逮捕,拘捕;忧虑
参考例句:
  • There were still areas of doubt and her apprehension grew.有些地方仍然存疑,于是她越来越担心。
  • She is a girl of weak apprehension.她是一个理解力很差的女孩。
10 cater ickyJ     
vi.(for/to)满足,迎合;(for)提供饮食及服务
参考例句:
  • I expect he will be able to cater for your particular needs.我预计他能满足你的特殊需要。
  • Most schools cater for children of different abilities.大多数学校能够满足具有不同天资的儿童的需要。
11 labor P9Tzs     
n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦
参考例句:
  • We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
  • He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后,他已经疲惫不堪了。
12 abreast Zf3yi     
adv.并排地;跟上(时代)的步伐,与…并进地
参考例句:
  • She kept abreast with the flood of communications that had poured in.她及时回复如雪片般飞来的大批信件。
  • We can't keep abreast of the developing situation unless we study harder.我们如果不加强学习,就会跟不上形势。
13 replete BBBzd     
adj.饱满的,塞满的;n.贮蜜蚁
参考例句:
  • He was replete with food and drink.他吃喝得饱饱的。
  • This immense space may be replete with happiness and glory.这巨大的空间可能充满了幸福和光荣。
14 versatile 4Lbzl     
adj.通用的,万用的;多才多艺的,多方面的
参考例句:
  • A versatile person is often good at a number of different things.多才多艺的人通常擅长许多种不同的事情。
  • He had been one of the game's most versatile athletes.他是这项运动中技术最全面的运动员之一。
15 inevitable 5xcyq     
adj.不可避免的,必然发生的
参考例句:
  • Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
  • The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。
16 compulsory 5pVzu     
n.强制的,必修的;规定的,义务的
参考例句:
  • Is English a compulsory subject?英语是必修课吗?
  • Compulsory schooling ends at sixteen.义务教育至16岁为止。
17 defensive buszxy     
adj.防御的;防卫的;防守的
参考例句:
  • Their questions about the money put her on the defensive.他们问到钱的问题,使她警觉起来。
  • The Government hastily organized defensive measures against the raids.政府急忙布置了防卫措施抵御空袭。
18 complementing fe2da3ba35c87761139744afaf175986     
补足,补充( complement的现在分词 ); 求反
参考例句:
  • Maligrant segregants may, therefore, arise when complementing chromosomes are lost. 因此当互补染色体丢失时,就会产生恶性分离子。
  • A complementing circuIt'selects either the subtracter output or the output of the complementing circuit. 取补线路可任意选通减法器的输出或补取线路的输出。
19 morale z6Ez8     
n.道德准则,士气,斗志
参考例句:
  • The morale of the enemy troops is sinking lower every day.敌军的士气日益低落。
  • He tried to bolster up their morale.他尽力鼓舞他们的士气。
20 maneuvering maneuvering     
v.移动,用策略( maneuver的现在分词 );操纵
参考例句:
  • This Manstein did, with some brilliant maneuvering under the worse winter conditions. 曼施坦因在最恶劣的严冬条件下,出色地施展了灵活机动的战术,终于完成了任务。 来自辞典例句
  • In short, large goals required farsighted policies, not tactical maneuvering. 一句话,大的目标需要有高瞻远瞩的政策,玩弄策略是不行的。 来自辞典例句
21 discriminated 94ae098f37db4e0c2240e83d29b5005a     
分别,辨别,区分( discriminate的过去式和过去分词 ); 歧视,有差别地对待
参考例句:
  • His great size discriminated him from his followers. 他的宽广身材使他不同于他的部下。
  • Should be a person that has second liver virus discriminated against? 一个患有乙肝病毒的人是不是就应该被人歧视?
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