Unit 8
[00:02.90]Save Your World!What Is Garbage?Garbage is everything that you throw away.
[00:13.06]What do we do with garbage?We bury or burn most garbage.
[00:19.54]Burying garbage is quick and easy but uses a lot of land.
[00:26.07]Most land near cities and towns is already used.
[00:31.71]There's no place to put garbage.Sometimes,buried garbage pollutes our water.
[00:40.25]When rain falls on garbage,
[00:44.33]it runs through the garbage and then into rivers,lakes and oceans.
[00:50.68]When we burn garbage,we pollute the air.
[00:55.43]What are the "three Rs"?In North America and other parts of the world,
[01:02.69]people have started to make less garbage.
[01:07.37]How?First,they buy fewer things.They try to buy only what they really need.
[01:16.02]When you buy fewer things,you throw away fewer things.
[01:21.79]Second,they reuse things.They use things,and then they use them again!
[01:30.04]Third,they recycle things.They make old things into new things.
[01:37.10]In North America,people call these the "three Rs":reduce,reuse and recycle.
[01:45.35]The three Rs help us remember that garbage is a problem!
[01:51.91]Jenny:When you "bury" something, you put it under the ground.
[01:57.05]Brian:What does "burn" mean? "Burn" and "fire" go together.
[02:03.01]Danny:Garbage is a world dirty.
[02:09.67]But what can we do? word "use" in "reuse"?In English,"re" means "again.
[02:22.13]"How do you "retell"a story?
[02:26.08]You tell it again!How do you "redraw" a picture?
[02:31.82]You draw it again!A Poster about Pollution
[02:40.57]Jenny:The school yard cleanup went well.
[02:44.62]The school yard looks beautiful now.
[02:48.99]Brian:Yes.There was so much rubbish before.
[02:53.45]Thinking about it makes me mad.Danny:It makes me a bit sad.
[03:00.40]People shouldn't litter.The world would be so much nicer.
[03:06.96]Jenny:That's not all A lot of thatgarbage could be recycled.
[03:13.12]We found metal,glass,plastic and lots of paper.
[03:19.39]I take out the garbage.
[03:27.75]Sometimes I find things in it that should be recycled.
[03:33.21]I always take them out and keep them.
[03:37.65]Jenny:Everyone should do that.
[03:41.31]Then there would be a lot less pollution in the world!
[03:46.77]Brian:I have an idea Let's make a poster about littering and recycling!
[03:53.43]Jenny:I'll get a big piece of paper and some markers.
[03:58.47]Danny:We can put the poster up in the classroom.
[04:03.33]Then everyone can read itStop Pollution!
[04:09.57]We have a nice,clean school yard.
[04:13.73]Let's keep it that way.Don't litter!
[04:18.46]Always put your garbage in a garbage can.Never throw it on the ground.
[04:25.09]Recycle!Stop and think before you throw something out:
[04:30.94]Can I use this again?
[04:34.49]Can this be recycled?Together,we can keep our world clean!
[04:41.34]What Are Hazardous Wastes?"Hazardous" means dangerous.
[04:48.52]Some hazardous wastes are poisons--they make people sick.
[04:55.05]Some explode very easily,or burn very easily.
[04:59.02]Hazardous things usually have these labels:"poison,"
[05:07.67]"caution," "warning"or"danger."What can we do about hazardous wastes?
[05:16.63]Buy less of them!Try not to buy bleach.Try to use fewer batteries.
[05:24.57]And when you take out the garbage,don't take out your hazardous wastes!
[05:31.94]Hazardous wastes in your garbage are bad for the environment.Why?
[05:38.18]Because we usually bury or burn our garbage.
[05:43.46]When we bury or burn hazardous wastes,
[05:48.00]they can make people and the environment sick.
[05:52.44]Many countries have laws about hazardous wastes.
[05:57.17]The laws say you can't bury or burn hazardous wastes with other garbage.
[06:03.65]Many cities in North America keep their hazardous wastes in special places.
[06:10.31]Some have ways to burn
[06:13.86]it at very high temperatures:900 to 1,100 degrees centigrade.
[06:22.41]Some places put wastes two kilometres under the ground.
[06:28.18]That's deep!Danny:I don't understand!Why don't we call it "hazardous garbage"?
[06:37.32]Jenny:Because a"waste" can be a liquid or a solid.
[06:42.68]"Garbage" is usually solid,like paper or plastic,
[06:48.42]but many hazardous wastes are liquids.
[06:53.78]FASCINATING FACTDo you think a river can burn?
[06:59.84]A city in the U.S.had a river that did!
[07:04.80]It had so much hazardous waste that it caught fire.
[07:10.37]It took days to put the fire out.Riding in Rubbish!
[07:19.43]Danny has been working all afternoon.
[07:23.98]First,he fixed the broken car he found.
[07:28.34]Then he washed the glue off his hands,face and legs.
[07:33.69]Now,he looks at the other garbage for recycling.
[07:39.15]"There are a lot of interesting things here,"he says.
[07:45.03]"I think I'll make something out of this garbage!
[07:50.60]"Danny sees a very big cardboard box."Somebody got a new television,"
[07:58.64]he says,"and they threw out this box.It's so big that I can fit inside it!
[08:07.89]I know I can make something with this."He looks for other things to use.
[08:15.05]He finds five big, round pieces of plastic.
[08:20.79]They are the lids from ice cream pails.
[08:25.23]"I know,"says Danny,"I will make a car.
[08:30.09]This cardboard box will be the car's body.
[08:35.13]These ice cream lids will be the wheels.
[08:40.70]"Danny glues four wheels onto the cardboard box.
[08:46.05]"I have one more lid.I know!It will be the steering wheel.
[08:53.42]I can hold onto it and drive the car.
[08:58.59]"Danny finds many other things for the car.
[09:03.35]He uses old metal cans for the headlights of the car.
[09:09.09]He finds pieces of wood to sit on.Finally,
[09:15.15]Danny rings up Jenny and Brian."Come over to my house," he says."
[09:22.73]I'll take you for a ride in my new car!Where do you want to go?
[09:30.59]"Global WarmingWhat is global warming?
[09:36.76]"Globe" means "world."You know what "warm" means.When something"warms,"
[09:43.52]what happens to its temperature?It goes up!
[09:48.56]Global warming is about the temperature of the world going up.
[09:54.73]What is carbon dioxide?
[09:59.46]Global warming comes from a special kind of pollution:too much carbon dioxide.
[10:07.92]Carbon dioxide is a gas,like oxygen.
[10:13.56]About 0.03 percent of the Earth'satmosphere is carbon dioxide.
[10:21.22]But people are putting more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.Why?
[10:28.48]Because we drive cars and use factories.Cars and factories make carbon dioxide.
[10:37.31]Is this a problem?Yes!Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a big problem.Usually,
[10:47.08]some of the sun's heat leaves the Earth.
[10:51.52]But carbon dioxide keeps the sun's heat hear the Earth.
[10:58.00]It traps the heat.What's wrong with a warmer Earth?Here's what might happen.
[11:06.46]The ice at the North and South Poles might melt.
[11:11.92]The oceans would rise.They would cover cities on the coasts of continents.
[11:18.97]Some places on Earth would be too dry.Some places would have too much rain
[11:26.45]Many people,plants and animals would die.
[11:31.59]FASCINATING FACT
[11:34.65]The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmospherehas
[11:38.62]increased forty percent since the 1800s.
[11:45.38]When you "trap"someting,it can't go away.It stay.
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