世界名人简介 第10期:穆斯塔法·凯末尔·阿塔土克（在线收听） |
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk is the founder of the Republic of Turkey. His surname, Ataturk, means "Father of theTurks". He was born in 1881 in Salonika, then part of the Ottoman Empire. He had a long and active military career before entering politics. He was a visionary and revolutionary leader who swiftly modernized Turkey after becoming its first president. His legacy is seen throughout Turkish life today. 穆斯塔法·凯末尔·阿塔土克是土耳其共和国的创立者。他的姓氏阿塔土克意为“土耳其之父”。1881年，阿塔土克出生在萨洛尼卡，这里之后成为了奥斯曼帝国的一部分。进入政坛之前，他度过了一段辉煌的军人生涯。他是一位极富远见的改革性领导人，成为土耳其第一任总统之后，他迅速将土耳其变得更加现代化。如今，他的传奇在土耳其的生活中也显而易见。
When Ataturk was 12, he joined a military school. He later graduated from a military academy in Istanbul in 1905. He quickly established his military reputation by fighting against the Italians in Libya in 1911, and in the Balkan Wars between 1912-1913. He became a hero by defending the Dardanelles against the Alliesin 1915. Ataturk was promoted to general at the age of 35 because of his military skills.
他12岁参加了军事学校。1905年，他从伊斯坦布尔的军事学院毕业。1911年，他在利比亚参加了意土战争，在1912到1913年的时间里，他参加了巴尔干战争，这些让他迅速建立起了自己的军事威望。1915年，在打击协约国保卫达达尼尔海峡战役中，他成为了英雄。由于他在军事上的突出才能，35岁的他荣升将军。
Ataturk played a key role in the Turkish War of Independence (1919-1922). He started a nationalist revolution and successfully fought off European armies that had carved up and occupied Turkey after WWI. In 1921,he established a temporary government in Ankara. Two years later, in 1923, Turkey became a secular republic with Ataturk as its president. He remained in office until 1938.
阿塔土克在土耳其独立战争（1919-1922）时发挥了及其重要的作用。他进行了国民改革，并成功打击了欧洲军队，欧洲军队在一战之后占领了土耳其，并进行了瓜分。1921年，他在安卡拉建立了临时政府。两年之后的1923年，土耳其共和国正式成立，阿塔土克当选为首任总统。他的任期到1938年才结束。
As president, Mustafa Kemal's reforms secularized schools and encouraged education for girls. He also asked women to work to build Turkey's economy. He replaced Islamic courts with secular civil law and replaced Arabic script with a Latin-based Turkish alphabet. He also promoted a more western style of dressing. Ataturk died on November 10, 1938, aged 57 years old. He remains a revered figure in Turkey.
作为总统，阿塔土克进行了对学校世俗化的改革，并鼓励女孩接受教育。他还要求女性参与土耳其经济的建设。他用世俗的民法代替了伊斯兰法庭，让拉丁字母取代阿拉伯字母。他还让服装更加西式。1938年11月10日，阿塔土克去世，享年57岁。如今在土耳其，他还是一位受人尊敬的人物。
1.replace with 以…代替
例句：You must replace with the name of your network server.
您必须用网络服务器的名称来代替
2.military academy 军事学院
例句：He took a competitive exam for West Point, the U.S. military academy, and won the one space reserved in each class for a Filipino.
他参加了美国军事学院西点军校竞争激烈的考试，在每班留出的一名菲律宾人的名额中，他考取了这个名额。
3.temporary government 临时政府
例句：A lot of third-quarter growth was the result of temporary government stimulus.
第三季度经济的增长主要是由于政府的临时的刺激计划。
4.be promoted to 被提升到
例句：Here we explore five of them, any one of which could make a case to be promoted to a place alongsidethe Big Six.
这里我们探讨其中五种情绪，任何一种经证实都能提升到与六大基本情绪同等的地位上去。 |
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