VOA慢速英语2021 美国空军开除27名拒绝接种疫苗的现役军人

The United States Air Force has removed, or discharged, 27 servicemembers for violating COVID-19 vaccination¹ orders.

美国空军已经开除了27名违反新冠疫苗接种令的服役人员。

The Air Force does not provide information on what kind of discharge a service member receives. But legislation currently before Congress limits the military to giving members who refuse the vaccine² either an honorable discharge or a general discharge under honorable conditions.

空军没有提供这些服役人员是以何种方式被开除的信息。但是目前等待提交国会的法案禁止军队向拒绝接种疫苗的军人提供荣誉退伍或是荣誉条件下的一般退伍。

In August, the U.S. Department of Defense³ ordered all military forces to get vaccinated⁴ against COVID-19. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin described the vaccine as critical to keeping troops healthy and ready to deploy⁵ when needed.

今年8月，美国国防部下令所有部队接种新冠疫苗。国防部长劳埃德·奥斯汀称疫苗是保持部队健康并在需要时做好部署准备的关键。

Each military service sets its own dates for members to complete the requirement. The Air Force gave its forces until November 2 to get the vaccine. Thousands have either refused or sought an exemption⁶ to the rule. Exemptions⁷ are offered for some medical or religious reasons.

每个兵种都为其成员各自设定了完成接种要求的最后期限。空军让其部队在11月2日之前接种疫苗。有数千人要么拒绝接种，要么寻求豁免。部队向某些医疗或宗教原因提供豁免。

Air Force spokeswoman Ann Stefanek said none of the 27 members who were discharged had sought vaccine exemptions. She said all of the airmen were in their first term of military service.

空军发言人安·斯特凡内克表示，被开除的27名军人无人寻求疫苗豁免。她说所有这些服役人员都处于他们的首个兵役期。

Stefanek said each were discharged for failing to obey an order. Some might have had other violations⁸ on their records, she added, but all had the vaccine refusal as one of the elements of their discharge.

斯特凡内克表示，每个人都是因为不服从命令而被开除。她还表示，有些人的记录上可能还有其它违规行为，但是所有人被开除的主要因素之一都是拒绝接种疫苗。

The latest Air Force data shows that more than 1,000 airmen have refused to get the COVID-19 vaccine. More than 4,700 are seeking a religious exemption. The military reports 97 percent of active duty Air Force members have gotten at least a first vaccine injection. That is a greater share than found among the U.S. general population, health officials report.

空军的最新数据显示，有1000多名空军官兵拒绝接种新冠疫苗。还有超过4700人寻求宗教豁免。军方报告称97%的空军现役官兵都至少接种了一针疫苗。卫生官员报告称，这要远远高于美国普通民众的接种比例。

Members of the Navy and Marine⁹ Corps¹⁰ had until November 28 to get the shots, while Reserve members have until December 28. Army active-duty soldiers have until December 15. Members of the Army National Guard and the Reserves have the most time to get vaccinated, with their requirement set for June 30.

海军和海军陆战队成员必须在11月28日前接种疫苗，而预备役成员必须在12月28日前接种。陆军现役士兵必须在12月15日前接种。陆军国民警卫队和预备役成员有更多时间接种疫苗，他们接种的最后期限是明年6月30日。

As of December 10, the Defense Department said that 96.4 percent of active duty members had gotten at least one vaccine shot. That number drops to about 74 percent, however, when the National Guard and Reserves are included. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says that about 72 percent of the U.S. population has received at least one COVID-19 shot.

国防部表示，截至12月10日，96.4%的现役军人都至少接种了一针疫苗。然而，当包括国民警卫队和预备役时，这一数字就下降到了74%左右。美国疾控预防中心表示，大约72%的美国民众至少接种了一针新冠疫苗。

1 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

2 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

3 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

4 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

5 deploy   

v.（军）散开成战斗队形，布置，展开

参考例句：

• The infantry began to deploy at dawn.步兵黎明时开始进入战斗位置。
• The president said he had no intention of deploying ground troops.总统称并不打算部署地面部队。

6 exemption   

n.豁免，免税额，免除

参考例句：

• You may be able to apply for exemption from local taxes.你可能符合资格申请免除地方税。
• These goods are subject to exemption from tax.这些货物可以免税。

7 exemptions   

n.（义务等的）免除( exemption的名词复数 )；免（税）；（收入中的）免税额

参考例句：

• The exemptions for interpretive rules, policy statements, and procedural rules have just been discussed. 有关解释性规则、政策说明和程序规则的免责我们刚刚讨论过。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• A: The regulation outlines specific exemptions for some WPM. 答：该规定概述了某些木质包装材料的特定的例外情形。 来自互联网

8 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。

9 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

10 corps   

n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组

参考例句：

• The medical corps were cited for bravery in combat.医疗队由于在战场上的英勇表现而受嘉奖。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。