VOA慢速英语2021 传奇艺术家约瑟芬·贝克入葬法国先贤祠

American-born singer and activist¹ Josephine Baker² became the first American and first Black woman to receive France's highest honor on Tuesday.

周二，出生于美国的歌手兼活动家约瑟芬·贝克成为第一位获得法国最高荣誉的美国人，也是第一位获此荣誉的黑人女性。

Baker became a French citizen in 1937 after marrying a French man.

贝克在1937年与一名法国男子结婚后成为法国公民。

Baker was honored at a ceremony outside the Pantheon in France.

贝克是在法国先贤祠外举行的一个仪式上被授予荣誉的。

The Pantheon is a building that has the remains³ of famous French people, including Marie Curie, Victor Hugo and Voltaire.

法国先贤祠里面有法国名人的遗体，包括玛丽·居里、维克多·雨果和伏尔泰。

Baker was born in St. Louis, Missouri in 1906.

贝克于1906年出生于美国密苏里州圣路易斯市。

She moved to Paris in 1925 to get away from racism⁴ and segregation⁵ in the United States.

1925年，为了摆脱美国的种族歧视和种族隔离，她搬到了巴黎。

She was famous around the world as a singer in the 1930s.

20世纪30年代，她成为一名享誉世界的歌手。

But she also became known for joining the resistance to Nazi⁶ Germany in France during World War II.

但她也因在第二次世界大战期间加入法国抵抗纳粹德国的队伍而闻名。

Later, she supported the American civil rights movement in the 1960s.

后来，她在20世纪60年代支持美国民权运动。

She spoke⁷ at the 1963 March on Washington where Martin Luther King gave his "I Have a Dream" speech.

她在1963年的华盛顿大游行中发表了演讲，在那次游行中马丁·路德·金发表了“我有一个梦想”演讲。

Earlier in 2021, French President Emmanuel Macron decided⁸ to honor Baker because she was an "exceptional figure" who "embodies⁹ the French spirit."

2021年初，法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙决定授予贝克荣誉，因为她是一个“体现法国精神的杰出人物”。

Baker's remains will stay in Monaco where she lived at the end of her life.

贝克的遗体将留在摩纳哥，她在那里度过了她的晚年生活。

However, a burial container containing soil from the U.S., France and Monaco will be placed at the Pantheon.

然而，在先贤祠里放置的将是一个装有美国、法国和摩纳哥土壤的埋葬容器。

Baker was honored Monday in a ceremony at the place where she is buried in Monaco.

周一，在摩纳哥的墓地，为贝克举行了荣誉授予仪式。

Rosemary Phillips is a performer and the co-owner of the park Baker created in southwestern France.

罗斯玛丽·菲利普斯是一名表演者，也是贝克在法国西南部创建的公园的共同所有人。

She said Baker was a "superstar," and the "Rihanna of the 1920s."

她说贝克是“超级巨星”，是“20世纪20年代的蕾哈娜”。

Rihanna is one of today's most famous female singers.

蕾哈娜是当今最著名的女歌手之一。

Pap Ndiaye is a French scholar who studies minority rights movements in the U.S.

帕普·恩迪亚耶是一位研究美国少数族裔权利运动的法国学者。

He said: "the simple fact to have a Black woman entering the pantheon is historic."

他说：“让一名黑人女性进入先贤祠是历史性的。”

Baker was famous for dancing in short skirts and was popular in Paris theaters.

贝克以穿着短裙跳舞而闻名。她在巴黎的剧院里很受欢迎。

But Ndiaye said people disagreed over her performances.

但恩迪亚耶说，人们对她的表演意见不一。

He said, at the time she was singing in Paris, France had colonies in Africa.

他说，当她在巴黎演唱的时候，法国在非洲有殖民地。

Baker was one of many famous Black Americans who lived in France during the years after the World Wars.

贝克是在世界大战后在法国生活的许多著名的美国黑人之一。

Ndiaye said they had "a better life overall" than if they had stayed in the U.S.

恩迪亚耶说，与留在美国相比，他们“总体上过得更好”。

French racism, he said, was "more subtle."

他说，法国的种族主义“更加微妙”。

1 activist   

n.活动分子，积极分子

参考例句：

• He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
• He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。

2 baker   

n.面包师

参考例句：

• The baker bakes his bread in the bakery.面包师在面包房内烤面包。
• The baker frosted the cake with a mixture of sugar and whites of eggs.面包师在蛋糕上撒了一层白糖和蛋清的混合料。

3 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

4 racism   

n.民族主义；种族歧视(意识)

参考例句：

• He said that racism is endemic in this country.他说种族主义在该国很普遍。
• Racism causes political instability and violence.种族主义道致政治动荡和暴力事件。

5 segregation   

n.隔离，种族隔离

参考例句：

• Many school boards found segregation a hot potato in the early 1960s.在60年代初，许多学校部门都觉得按水平分班是一个棘手的问题。
• They were tired to death of segregation and of being kicked around.他们十分厌恶种族隔离和总是被人踢来踢去。

6 Nazi   

n.纳粹分子，adj.纳粹党的，纳粹的

参考例句：

• They declare the Nazi regime overthrown and sue for peace.他们宣布纳粹政权已被推翻，并出面求和。
• Nazi closes those war criminals inside their concentration camp.纳粹把那些战犯关在他们的集中营里。

7 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

8 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

9 embodies   

v.表现( embody的第三人称单数 )；象征；包括；包含

参考例句：

• The new treaty embodies the aspirations of most nonaligned countries. 新条约体现了大多数不结盟国家的愿望。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• This document embodies the concern of the government for the deformity. 这个文件体现了政府对残疾人的关怀。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》