VOA新闻杂志2022 摩洛哥扩大海水淡化项目规模

People in Agadir, Morocco, see their new desalination¹ plant as a way to deal with years of too little rain.

摩洛哥阿加迪尔的人们认为，他们的新海水淡化厂是应对多年降水太少的一种方式。

Dry winters have led to reduced water supplies for homes and agriculture.

干燥的冬季导致家庭和农业用水供应量减少。

But plans to expand the country's desalination program may depend on efforts to power it with forms of renewable energy.

但扩大该国海水淡化项目规模的计划可能取决于用各种可再生能源为其提供动力的努力。

Smaller desalination plants have been operating in Morocco for years.

规模较小的海水淡化厂已在摩洛哥运营多年。

But, the one that started working in Agadir this summer is by far the biggest.

但是，今年夏天在阿加迪尔开始运转的那家工厂是迄今为止规模最大的一家。

It is also the first plant of its kind meant to deal with reduced rainfall.

这也是第一个用来应对降雨量减少的工厂。

Rachid Boukhenfer is a local official.

拉希德·布肯费尔是一名当地官员。

He said, "...without desalination Agadir could not have found enough water to drink and we would have had longer, worse cuts in supply."

他说：“……如果不进行海水淡化，阿加迪尔就找不到足够的水来饮用，我们的供水可能会面临更长时间、更严重的短缺。”

That early statement about the plant's effectiveness comes as the government plans 12 additional² desalination plants.

在政府计划再建12座海水淡化厂的同时，也发表了有关该工厂有效性的早期声明。

It is part of an expected investment³ in $12 billion in water projects from 2020 to 2027.

这是2020年至2027年期间预计投资120亿美元的水利项目的一部分。

The new plants will join nine smaller ones already operating.

这些新工厂将加入已经投入运营的9家较小的工厂的行列。

The new ones are supposed to open by 2035, the state water and electricity utility⁴ ONEE said in an email.

国家水电公用事业公司ONEE在一封电子邮件中说，新的海水淡化工厂预计将在2035年之前投入使用。

Morocco now depends on surface and underground water for nearly all its freshwater use.

摩洛哥目前使用的几乎所有的淡水都依赖地表水和地下水。

Most of it comes from a group of 149 dams.

其中大部分来自149座大坝。

Five years of very little rain, or drought⁵, have left many of the water supplies reduced.

五年来几乎没有降雨，即干旱，导致许多水资源供应站水量减少。

Agriculture Minister Mohammed Sadiki recently told parliament⁶ most water would be taken from irrigation to supply drinking water.

农业部长穆罕默德·萨迪基最近告诉议会，大部分饮用水将从灌溉水中提取。

Rainfall is often the biggest issue affecting Moroccan economic growth rates.

降雨往往是影响摩洛哥经济增长率的最大问题。

This year, the cereals⁷ harvest was two-thirds smaller than in 2021 and milk output⁸ down by 30 percent from the year before.

今年的谷物收获量比2021年减少了三分之二，牛奶产量比前一年下降了30%。

"I'm not even sure I will sow wheat this year because the rainfall has been so late," said Zakaria Khatabi, a farmer in Zhiliga, north of Rabat.

拉巴特北部芝利加的农民扎卡里亚·哈塔比说：“我甚至不确定今年是否会播种小麦，因为降雨太晚了。”

The 12 new desalination plants planned or under way should reduce dependence⁹ on surface and groundwater from 97 percent to 80 percent by 2035, ONEE said.

ONEE表示，到2035年，计划或正在建设的12个新的海水淡化厂应该会将该国对地表水和地下水的依赖程度从97%减少到80%。

Building on the most important plant is to start next year.

最重要的工厂将于明年开工建设。

It will supply Morocco's biggest city Casablanca.

它将供应摩洛哥最大的城市卡萨布兰卡的用水。

The plant could start operations in 2026.

该工厂可能会在2026年开始运营。

However, Morocco depends on imported fuels, such as oil and gas, for most of its power production.

然而，摩洛哥的大部分电力生产依赖石油和天然气等进口燃料。

Costs for those fuels have added to the country's trade deficit¹⁰.

这些燃料的成本增加了该国的贸易赤字。

Energy represents 45 percent of the total cost of desalination, ONEE head Abderrahim El Hafidi said.

能源占海水淡化总成本的45%，ONEE负责人阿卜杜勒-拉希姆·哈菲迪说。

Morocco wants to increase renewables as a share of its total power output to 52 percent by 2030 from 20 percent now.

摩洛哥希望到2030年将可再生能源占其总发电量的比例从目前的20%提高到52%。

The goal is to reduce dependence on imports and lower electricity costs.

其目标是减少对进口燃料的依赖，降低电力成本。

All the new desalination plants, including Agadir, were meant to be powered by renewable energy.

所有新的海水淡化厂，包括阿加迪尔，本来都是由可再生能源提供动力的。

But, the Agadir plant is so far being powered directly from the national power supplies.

但是，到目前为止，阿加迪尔海水淡化厂直接由国家电力站供电。

Reuters reports that a person close to the project said the government is considering an offer for a renewable energy plant.

据路透社报道，一位了解该项目的人士表示，摩洛哥政府正在考虑收购一家可再生能源工厂。

The deal would power the Agadir desalination center in an effort to reduce the cost of water.

这笔交易将为阿加迪尔海水淡化中心提供电力，以降低水的成本。

I'm John Russell.

约翰·拉塞尔为您播报。

1 desalination   

n.脱盐(作用)

参考例句：

• Crops can be grown on this land after desalination. 这片土地经过脱盐就可以种植庄稼了。
• One source is by desalination-taking the salt out of salt water to make it drinkable. 淡水的来源之一是使水淡化--把含盐的水中的盐份去掉，使之能够饮用。

2 additional   

adj.添加的，额外的，另外的

参考例句：

• It is necessary to set down these additional rules.有必要制定这些补充规则。
• I think we can fit in an additional room.我想我们可以再加建一间房子。

3 investment   

n.投资，投资额；(时间、精力等的)投入

参考例句：

• It took two years before I recouped my investment.我用了两年时间才收回投资。
• The success of the project pivots on investment from abroad.这个工程的成功主要依靠外来投资。

4 utility   

n.公共设施，效用，公用程序，实用品，实用；adj.多效用的，多功能的

参考例句：

• A fur coat has more utility in winter than in autumn.毛皮外衣在冬天比在秋天更有用。
• Utility bills didn't amount to much.公用事业的费用有限。

5 drought   

n.旱灾，干旱，久旱

参考例句：

• The plants are growing in again,despite the drought.尽管干旱，植物又长出来了。
• The ground is as hard as stone after the drought.长期干旱后土地硬得就像石头一样。

6 Parliament   

n.议会，国会

参考例句：

• She won a seat in Parliament at the election.她在选举中赢得了议会中的席位。
• The drug was banned by an act of parliament.议会的法案明令禁止该药品。

7 cereals   

n.谷类食品，谷类；麦片粥

参考例句：

• By cereals we mean wheat,oats,rye,barley,and all that.谈到谷物，我们指的是小麦、燕麦、黑麦、大麦之类的东西。
• Wheat and rice are cereals.小麦和水稻是谷类植物。

8 output   

n.产量，输出，输出功率，输出端；vt.输出(信息等)

参考例句：

• Grain output reached a new high in the three years.谷物产量达到三年中最高水平。
• The chart showed us the global output of a factory.这张图表展示了一个工厂的总产量。

9 dependence   

n.依靠，依赖；信任，信赖；隶属

参考例句：

• Doctors keep trying to break her dependence of the drug.医生们尽力使她戒除毒瘾。
• He was freed from financial dependence on his parents.他在经济上摆脱了对父母的依赖。

10 deficit   

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

• The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
• We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。