Afghanistan Attempts to Curb Influence of Warlords in Electi

 

Michael Kitchen

Afghanistan has approved a new election law, marking another step toward choosing its first elected government in two decades. The new regulations attempt to curb¹ the influence of warlords in the coming vote.
Under Afghanistan's new election statutes², most government or military officials will not be allowed to run for elected office.
Afghan Justice Minister Abdul Rahim Karimi announced details of the new law Thursday evening.
He said the list of those barred from serving as candidates include any officials from the defense³ and interior ministries⁴.
The move is aimed at locking out militia⁵ commanders, who were appointed by the transitional government to provide security for the country after the U.S.-led war in 2001 that ousted⁷ Afghanistan's former Taleban regime.
Many of the militia commanders have been accused of acting⁸ as warlords, running the territory under their control as independent mini-states.
The Afghan government, with the help of the United Nations, is currently seeking to disarm⁹ the militias¹⁰ and replace them with a national army and police force.
U.N. officials say some militia commanders, despite promising¹¹ to disarm, are seeking to delay the process.
Some observers say the militia commanders hope to use their private armies to intimidate¹² the voters and rig the election.
Abdul-Hakim Noorzai is a former high-ranking Afghan intelligence official and possible parliamentary candidate.
"I am 100 percent sure if there [are] no weapons in Afghanistan, these warlords don't have any chance," he stated. "But unfortunately, for the moment, they have money and guns."
In an apparent move to encourage the disarmament process, militia leaders who resign their commands within 75 days of the election will be allowed to run for office.
Under the international agreement that established Afghanistan's post-Taleban transitional government in 2001, national elections were slated¹⁴ to be held by June of this year.
But security problems across the country, including an armed insurgency¹⁵ by Taleban remnants and their allies, have prompted a postponement¹⁶ until September.
The election commission, whose members were appointed by the United Nations and transitional President Hamid Karzai, have yet to name a date for the election.
Under the new election law, the commission must announce the voting day at least three months in advance.

注释：
Afghanistan [Af5^AnistAn] n. 阿富汗（西南亚国家）
curb [kE:b] v. 抑制
warlord [5wC:lC:d] n. 军阀，土匪
Afghan Justice Minister 阿富汗司法部长
bar from v. 不准
lock out v. 把……关在外面
militia [mi5liFE] n. 民兵
oust⁶ [aust] vt. 取代，驱逐
Taleban regime　塔利班政权
disarm [dis5B:m] vt. 解除武装
delay [di5lei] v. 延迟
intimidate [in5timideit] v. 胁迫
rig [ri^] v. 用不正当的手段控制，操纵
Afghan intelligence official 阿富汗情报局
parliamentary [7pB:lE5mentEri] adj. 议会的
resign [ri5zain] v. 放弃，辞去
transitional [trAn5ziVEnEl] adj. 过渡期的
slate¹³ [sleit] v. 提名
insurgency [In5sdVEnsI] n. 叛乱
remnant [5remnEnt] n. 遗留，残余
ally [E5lai] n. 支持者
postponement [pEust5pEunmEnt] n. 延期
in advance 预先

1 curb   

n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制

参考例句：

• I could not curb my anger.我按捺不住我的愤怒。
• You must curb your daughter when you are in church.你在教堂时必须管住你的女儿。

2 statutes   

成文法( statute的名词复数 )； 法令； 法规； 章程

参考例句：

• The numerous existing statutes are complicated and poorly coordinated. 目前繁多的法令既十分复杂又缺乏快调。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Each agency is also restricted by the particular statutes governing its activities. 各个机构的行为也受具体法令限制。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

3 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

4 ministries   

（政府的）部( ministry的名词复数 )； 神职； 牧师职位； 神职任期

参考例句：

• Local authorities must refer everything to the central ministries. 地方管理机构应请示中央主管部门。
• The number of Ministries has been pared down by a third. 部委的数量已经减少了1/3。

5 militia   

n.民兵，民兵组织

参考例句：

• First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
• There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。

6 oust   

vt.剥夺，取代，驱逐

参考例句：

• The committee wanted to oust him from the union.委员会想把他从工会中驱逐出去。
• The leaders have been ousted from power by nationalists.这些领导人被民族主义者赶下了台。

7 ousted   

驱逐( oust的过去式和过去分词 )； 革职； 罢黜； 剥夺

参考例句：

• He was ousted as chairman. 他的主席职务被革除了。
• He may be ousted by a military takeover. 他可能在一场军事接管中被赶下台。

8 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

9 disarm   

v.解除武装，回复平常的编制，缓和

参考例句：

• The world has waited 12 years for Iraq to disarm. 全世界等待伊拉克解除武装已有12年之久。
• He has rejected every peaceful opportunity offered to him to disarm.他已经拒绝了所有能和平缴械的机会。

10 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

11 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

12 intimidate   

vt.恐吓，威胁

参考例句：

• You think you can intimidate people into doing what you want?你以为你可以威胁别人做任何事？
• The first strike capacity is intended mainly to intimidate adversary.第一次攻击的武力主要是用来吓阻敌方的。

13 slate   

n.板岩，石板，石片，石板色，候选人名单；adj.暗蓝灰色的，含板岩的；vt.用石板覆盖，痛打，提名，预订

参考例句：

• The nominating committee laid its slate before the board.提名委员会把候选人名单提交全体委员会讨论。
• What kind of job uses stained wood and slate? 什么工作会接触木头污浊和石板呢？

14 slated   

用石板瓦盖( slate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Yuki is working up an in-home phonics program slated for Thursdays, and I'm drilling her on English conversation at dinnertime. Yuki每周四还有一次家庭语音课。我在晚餐时训练她的英语口语。
• Bromfield was slated to become U.S. Secretary of Agriculture. 布罗姆菲尔德被提名为美国农业部长。

15 insurgency   

n.起义；暴动；叛变

参考例句：

• And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中国，动乱甚至暴乱都普遍存在。 来自互联网
• Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是这一观点逆流的一部分。 来自互联网

16 postponement   

n.推迟

参考例句：

• He compounded with his creditors for a postponement of payment. 他与债权人达成协议延期付款。
• Rain caused the postponement of several race-meetings. 几次赛马大会因雨延期。