非洲—象牙海岸总统通过了关键的和平改革

Ivory Coast President Passes Key Peace Reforms

象牙海岸总统通过了关键的和平改革

 

Ivory Coast President Laurent Gbagbo has used special executive powers to pass key peace reforms, more than two years after they were initially¹ agreed to in France following negotiations² with northern rebels and the opposition³. Mr. Gbagbo says disarmament and scheduled October elections must now take place. The president's move came under threat of international sanctions.

 

Speaking on state television, Mr. Gbagbo said war has lasted too long and peace must now take hold to allow reconstruction⁵ of battered⁶ and divided Ivory Coast.

 

He said based on recommendations from South African mediator⁷ Thabo Mbeki he would use special crisis constitutional powers to put into law major reforms. Rebels have been demanding these since the start of their insurgency⁸ in late 2002.

 

Mr. Gbagbo listed all the reforms ranging from a new nationality code, which could turn millions of foreigners into voting Ivorians, to forming a new independent electoral commission. He also implemented¹⁰ a new commission on human rights that will be mandated¹² to look into abuses from both sides since the war began.

 

Mr. Gbagbo finished his speech saying it was his wish that friends and family, living in the south, west, center, east and north of the country could be reunited after being divided nearly three years.

 

Mr. Gbagbo used the same special crisis powers previously¹³ to allow popular northern opposition leader, Alassane Ouattara, who has been barred from recent elections over doubts on his nationality, to compete in the October poll.

 

The Ivorian president made his speech Friday under the threat of sanctions from the United Nations and the African Union if the reforms were not passed by July 15.

 

A rebel spokesman, Cisse Sindou, said lawmakers should still be punished, because he says following the latest round of peace talks in Pretoria, they were asked to pass the laws but refused to do so.

 

Cisse Sindou: The last declaration of Pretoria said that anyone [should not do ] his job should be open to sanctions, this is concerning everybody including the deputies at the national assembly.

 

Mr. Sindou also expressed concern that Mr. Gbagbo was using his special crisis powers, known as article 48 in the Ivorian constitution, to make changes without consulting other parties to the peace deal. He says the South African mediator is giving too much power to Mr. Gbagbo, which could create problems later.

 

Cisse Sindou: According to the declaration of Pretoria, it was said that if article 48 has to be used both signatory parties must agree on the use. But once again, President Mbeki gave unilaterally the decision to President Gbagbo to use article 48 to pass the laws.

 

Rebels also said they wanted to see the exact wording of the new laws.

 

Pro-Gbagbo militias¹⁴, new army recruits and rebel fighters must now disarm⁴ in the coming months, as part of a disarmament, demobilization and reinsertion process ahead of the scheduled October poll. Ivory Coast, the world's leading cocoa producer, has been divided in two and the scene of growing ethnic¹⁵ tensions and criminal activity since its war began.

 

Nico Colombant, VOA News, Abidjan.

 

注释：

reconstruction [5ri:kEn5strQkFEn] n. 重建，改造

recommendation [7rekEmen5deiFEn] n. 劝告，建议

mediator [5mi:dieitE] n. 调停者，仲裁人

insurgency [in5sE:dVEnsi] n. 叛乱

nationality [7nAFE5nAliti] n. 国籍

implement⁹ [5impliment] vt. 实现，履行

mandate¹¹ [5mAndeit] vt. 批准

previously [5pri:vju:sli] adv. 先前，以前

Pretoria [pri5tC:riE] n. 比勒陀利亚，南非的行政首都

signatory [5si^nEtEri] n. 签署者，签约国

unilaterally [ju:ni5lAtErEli] adv. 单方面地

wording [5wE:diN] n. 措词，用语

recruit [ri5kru:t] n. 新兵

disarmament [dis5B:mEmEnt] n. 裁军

demobilization [di:5mEubilai5zeiFEn] n. 复员

1 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

2 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

3 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

4 disarm   

v.解除武装，回复平常的编制，缓和

参考例句：

• The world has waited 12 years for Iraq to disarm. 全世界等待伊拉克解除武装已有12年之久。
• He has rejected every peaceful opportunity offered to him to disarm.他已经拒绝了所有能和平缴械的机会。

5 reconstruction   

n.重建，再现，复原

参考例句：

• The country faces a huge task of national reconstruction following the war.战后，该国面临着重建家园的艰巨任务。
• In the period of reconstruction,technique decides everything.在重建时期，技术决定一切。

6 battered   

adj.磨损的；v.连续猛击；磨损

参考例句：

• He drove up in a battered old car.他开着一辆又老又破的旧车。
• The world was brutally battered but it survived.这个世界遭受了惨重的创伤,但它还是生存下来了。

7 mediator   

n.调解人，中介人

参考例句：

• He always takes the role of a mediator in any dispute.他总是在争论中充当调停人的角色。
• He will appear in the role of mediator.他将出演调停者。

8 insurgency   

n.起义；暴动；叛变

参考例句：

• And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中国，动乱甚至暴乱都普遍存在。 来自互联网
• Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是这一观点逆流的一部分。 来自互联网

9 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

10 implemented   

v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 )；执行；贯彻；使生效

参考例句：

• This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革，经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句

11 mandate   

n.托管地；命令，指示

参考例句：

• The President had a clear mandate to end the war.总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
• The General Election gave him no such mandate.大选并未授予他这种权力。

12 mandated   

adj. 委托统治的

参考例句：

• Mandated desegregation of public schools. 命令解除公立学校中的种族隔离
• Britain was mandated to govern the former colony of German East Africa. 英国受权代管德国在东非的前殖民地。

13 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

14 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

15 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。