VOA常速英语2019--美国国会议员告诉特朗普:没有国会的批准,不能发动伊朗战争

Growing tensions in the Gulf¹ sparking new arguments on Capitol Hill. Iranian provocations² are the result of President Trump³ withdrawing from the 2015 nuclear agreement say Democrats⁴. That this was eminently⁵ predictable.In fact that the intelligence could have and did warn of exactly these kind of increased risks of conflict with Iran if we pursued the course that we have been pursuing for the last two years.

海湾地区日益紧张的局势在美国国会引发了新的争论。民主党人说，伊朗的挑衅是特朗普总统退出二零一五年核协议的结果。这是完全可以预测的。事实上，情报部门本可以并且确实警告过与伊朗发生冲突的风险会增加。假如我们继续我们过去两年一直在走的道路。

But Iranian aggression⁶ is a sign the Trump administration’s tough sanctions policy is working, Republicans said. And what the administration is doing effectively correctly is increasing the maximum pressure on them,keeping the maximum pressure campaign going and it’s very important we do that. It’s very important that the Iranians recognize and understand that we will defend freedom of navigation that will defend the Straits of Hormuz,will defend our interests and the interests of our allies. The hope is for peace, a State Department diplomat⁷ told lawmakers.

但共和党人表示，伊朗的挑衅行为表明，特朗普政府的严厉制裁政策正在奏效。政府所做的有效而正确的事情是对他们增加最大压力，保持运行最大压力，我们这样做，这是非常重要的。重要的是，伊朗人必须认识到并理解，我们将捍卫航行自由，捍卫霍尔木兹海峡，捍卫我们和我们盟友的利益。美国国务院一位外交官对国会议员说，希望是为了和平。

We have put the possibility of a much brighter future on the table for the Iranian people and we mean it.The comprehensive deal we seek with the Iranian regime should address four key areas, its nuclear program,its ballistic missile development and proliferation, it’s lethal⁸ support and financial support to terrorist groups and proxies,and its arbitrary detention⁹ of US citizens.

我们为伊朗人民带来了更光明未来的可能性，我们是认真的。我们寻求与伊朗政权达成的全面协议应该涉及四个关键领域:伊朗的核计划、弹道导弹的发展和扩散，其对恐怖组织和代理人的致命支持和财政支持，以及对美国公民的任意拘留。

But with the deployment¹⁰ of a thousand US troops to the Middle East,the administration is signaling all options including military force are still available. This worries Democrats.

但随着美国向中东地区部署一千名士兵，特朗普政府表示，包括军事力量在内的所有选择都是可行的。这让民主党人担忧。

Rather than force Iran back to the negotiating table, the administration’s policy is increasing the chances of miscalculation which then would bring the United States and Iran closer to a military conflict. A conflict Democrats say only Congress has the power to authorize,if the administration sees a threat that requires military force against Iran.

特朗普政府的政策并没有迫使伊朗重返谈判桌，反而增加了误判的可能性，从而使美国和伊朗更接近军事冲突。民主党人表示，只有国会有权授权军事冲突，如果特朗普政府看到需要对伊朗动武的威胁。

Your first step is right here on Capitol Hill.There is no law, no aging authorization¹¹ from another conflict that’s the 2001 AUMF, that could apply to war against Iran. The administration would need authorization from Congress before going to war.

你们的第一步就在国会山。没有法律，也没有来自二零零一年AUMF的授权，可以适用于对伊朗的战争。在开战前政府将需要得到国会的批准。

Passed just days after the September 11 terrorist attacks, the AUMF is an 18 year old statute¹² authorizing¹³ military action against the Taliban and Al-qaeda. The 2001 AUMF is worded very broadly. It says essentially¹⁴ that the President or is the authorized¹⁵ to use military force against anyone he determined,so there is this differential element of it to have assisted or harbored the perpetrators of the 9/11 attacks.

AUMF是一项9 / 11恐怖袭击后的几天通过的，有着十八年历史的法令，授权对塔利班和基地组织采取军事行动。二零零一年AUMF的用词非常广泛。本质上说，总统或授权对他认定的任何人使用军事力量，所以在帮助或窝藏9/11袭击的肇事者方面存在着差异。

Democrats say the administration’s claim of linkage¹⁶ between Al-qaeda and Iran isn’t strong enough to subvert¹⁷ congressional authority,setting up the potential for yet another constitutional conflict between the branches of the US government.

民主党人表示，政府宣称基地组织与伊朗之间存在联系，这一说法不足以颠覆国会的权威，这可能导致美国政府各部门之间爆发又一场宪法冲突。

1 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

2 provocations   

n.挑衅( provocation的名词复数 )；激怒；刺激；愤怒的原因

参考例句：

• We cannot ignore such provocations. 对于这种挑衅，我们不能置之不理。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• They must immediately cease all their provocations. 他们必须停止一切挑衅。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

3 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

4 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 eminently   

adv.突出地；显著地；不寻常地

参考例句：

• She seems eminently suitable for the job. 她看来非常适合这个工作。
• It was an eminently respectable boarding school. 这是所非常好的寄宿学校。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 aggression   

n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害

参考例句：

• So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结，就不必惧怕外来侵略。
• Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。

7 diplomat   

n.外交官，外交家；能交际的人，圆滑的人

参考例句：

• The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.那位外交官插进一个笑话，紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
• He served as a diplomat in Russia before the war.战前他在俄罗斯当外交官。

8 lethal   

adj.致死的；毁灭性的

参考例句：

• A hammer can be a lethal weapon.铁锤可以是致命的武器。
• She took a lethal amount of poison and died.她服了致命剂量的毒药死了。

9 detention   

n.滞留，停留；拘留，扣留；(教育)留下

参考例句：

• He was kept in detention by the police.他被警察扣留了。
• He was in detention in connection with the bribery affair.他因与贿赂事件有牵连而被拘留了。

10 deployment   

n. 部署,展开

参考例句：

• He has inquired out the deployment of the enemy troops. 他已查出敌军的兵力部署情况。
• Quality function deployment (QFD) is a widely used customer-driven quality, design and manufacturing management tool. 质量功能展开(quality function deployment,QFD)是一个广泛应用的顾客需求驱动的设计、制造和质量管理工具。

11 authorization   

n.授权，委任状

参考例句：

• Anglers are required to obtain prior authorization from the park keeper.垂钓者必须事先得到公园管理者的许可。
• You cannot take a day off without authorization.未经批准你不得休假。

12 statute   

n.成文法，法令，法规；章程，规则，条例

参考例句：

• Protection for the consumer is laid down by statute.保障消费者利益已在法令里作了规定。
• The next section will consider this environmental statute in detail.下一部分将详细论述环境法令的问题。

13 authorizing   

授权，批准，委托( authorize的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Letters of Marque: Take letters from a warning friendly power authorizing privateering. 私掠许可证：从某一个国家获得合法抢劫的证书。
• Formal phavee completion does not include authorizing the subsequent phavee. 阶段的正式完成不包括核准随后的阶段。

14 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

15 authorized   

a.委任的，许可的

参考例句：

• An administrative order is valid if authorized by a statute.如果一个行政命令得到一个法规的认可那么这个命令就是有效的。

16 linkage   

n.连接；环节

参考例句：

• In their monographic treatment of linkage,they have emphasized this especially.他们在论连锁的专题文章中特别强调了这点。
• Occasionally,problems with block inheritance or linkage are encountered.有时会遇到区段遗传或连锁问题。

17 subvert   

v.推翻；暗中破坏；搅乱

参考例句：

• The rebel army is attempting to subvert the government.反叛军队企图颠覆政府统治。
• They tried to subvert our state and our Party. This is the crux of the matter.他们是要颠覆我们的国家，颠覆我们的党，这是问题的实质。