父母抑郁影响孩子的表现

 　　WASHINGTON, Feb. 3 (Xinhua) -- Children whose parents are diagnosed with depression are more likely to perform poorly in school, a new study said Wednesday.

　　Researchers at Drexel University looked at data on more than 1.1 million children born from 1984 to 1994 in Sweden and linked their school performance at the end of the northern European nation's compulsory¹ education at about age 16 with parents' depression diagnoses from inpatient and outpatient records.

　　They found children whose mothers had been diagnosed with depression are likely to achieve grades that are 4.5 percentage points lower than peers whose mothers had not been diagnosed with depression.

　　Parental² depression may hurt children school performance: <a href=http://www.hxen.com target=_blank class=infotextkey>study</a>

　　For children whose fathers were diagnosed with depression, the difference is a negative four percentage points, according to the study published in the U.S. journal JAMA Psychiatry³.

　　Put into other terms, when compared with a student who achieved a 90 percent, a student whose mother or father had been diagnosed with depression would be more likely to achieve a score in the 85 to 86 percent range.

　　The study also showed that maternal⁴ depression appeared to have a larger negative effect on girls than boys. Girls scored 5.1 percentage points lower than their peers on final grades at 16 years old, while boys only scored 3.4 percentage points lower, it said.

　　"Our study -- as well as many others -- supports that both maternal and paternal⁵ depression may independently and negatively influence child development," senior author Brian Lee, associate professor at Drexel University's Dornsife School of Public Health, said in a statement.

　　"There are many notable sex differences in depression, but, rather than comparing maternal versus⁶ paternal depression, we should recognize that parental depression can have adverse⁷ consequences not just for the parents but also for their children," Lee said.

　　In an accompanying editorial, Myrna Weissman of Columbia University said the findings highlighted the importance of treating parents who suffered from depression.

　　"The study ... concludes that 'diagnoses of parental depression may have a far-reaching effect on child development.' We extend that conclusion to state that effective treatment of the diagnosed parents may also have far-reaching effects," Weissman wrote.

　　"Access to treatments that are vigorous, substantiated⁸ and evidence-based is a public health opportunity for improving the lives of both depressed⁹ parents and their children."

1 compulsory   

n.强制的，必修的；规定的，义务的

参考例句：

• Is English a compulsory subject?英语是必修课吗？
• Compulsory schooling ends at sixteen.义务教育至16岁为止。

2 parental   

adj.父母的；父的；母的

参考例句：

• He encourages parental involvement in the running of school.他鼓励学生家长参与学校的管理。
• Children always revolt against parental disciplines.孩子们总是反抗父母的管束。

3 psychiatry   

n.精神病学，精神病疗法

参考例句：

• The study appeared in the Amercian science Journal of Psychiatry.这个研究发表在美国精神病学的杂志上。
• A physician is someone who specializes in psychiatry.精神病专家是专门从事精神病治疗的人。

4 maternal   

adj.母亲的，母亲般的，母系的，母方的

参考例句：

• He is my maternal uncle.他是我舅舅。
• The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts.那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。

5 paternal   

adj.父亲的，像父亲的，父系的，父方的

参考例句：

• I was brought up by my paternal aunt.我是姑姑扶养大的。
• My father wrote me a letter full of his paternal love for me.我父亲给我写了一封充满父爱的信。

6 versus   

prep.以…为对手，对；与…相比之下

参考例句：

• The big match tonight is England versus Spain.今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。
• The most exciting game was Harvard versus Yale.最富紧张刺激的球赛是哈佛队对耶鲁队。

7 adverse   

adj.不利的；有害的；敌对的，不友好的

参考例句：

• He is adverse to going abroad.他反对出国。
• The improper use of medicine could lead to severe adverse reactions.用药不当会产生严重的不良反应。

8 substantiated   

v.用事实支持（某主张、说法等），证明，证实( substantiate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The results of the tests substantiated his claims. 这些检验的结果证实了他的说法。
• The statement has never been substantiated. 这一陈述从未得到证实。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

9 depressed   

adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的

参考例句：

• When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
• His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。