英语名人堂：乔治亚·欧姬芙

乔治亚·欧姬芙，是一位美国艺术家，被列为20世纪的艺术大师之一。欧姬芙的绘画作品已经成为1920年代美国艺术的经典代表，她以半抽象半写实的手法闻名，其主题相当具有特色，多为花朵微观、岩石肌理变化，海螺、动物骨头、荒凉的美国内陆景观为主。她的作品中常充满著同色调的细微变化，组成具有韵律感的构图，某些时候欧姬芙画中的物品外轮廓，让观者感到此物品的轻脆感。

Georgia O'Keeffe was one of America's greatest artists. She was born in 1887 in the state of Wisconsin, one of seven children. She studied at the Art Institute of Chicago in 1905-06 and then moved to New York, where her career took off. She moved to New Mexico in 1946 and painted many famous landscapes of the scenery there. Her unique works can be viewed in galleries across the world. O'Keeffe first came to the attention of the New York art community for her large-format paintings of flower blossoms that looked like close-ups. She met well-known photographer Alfred Stieglitz, who gave O'Keeffe her first gallery show in 1916. The two married in 1924. Some of her popular works from this early period include Black Iris¹ (1926) and Oriental Poppies (1928).

 

After her husband died in 1946, O'Keeffe moved to New Mexico. There, she was inspired by the landscape to create numerous well-known paintings. Also in 1946, New York's Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) held an exhibition of her life's work – its first ever for a woman artist. O'Keeffe also won many accolades² and was given honorary degrees from various universities. In 1972, O'Keeffe's eyesight started to fail. She stopped painting in oil but continued working in pencil and charcoal³ until 1984. In 1977, President Ford⁴ presented O'Keeffe with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest honor given to U.S. citizens. O'Keeffe died on March 6, 1986, in Santa Fe, Mexico, aged⁵ 98. She is widely recognized as the mother of American modernism.

 

1 iris   

n.虹膜，彩虹

参考例句：

• The opening of the iris is called the pupil.虹膜的开口处叫做瞳孔。
• This incredible human eye,complete with retina and iris,can be found in the Maldives.又是在马尔代夫，有这样一只难以置信的眼睛，连视网膜和虹膜都刻画齐全了。

2 accolades   

n.（连结几行谱表的）连谱号( accolade的名词复数 )；嘉奖；（窗、门上方的）桃尖拱形线脚；册封爵士的仪式（用剑面在肩上轻拍一下）

参考例句：

• Unlike other accolades for literature which tend to value style or experimentation. 有别于其他偏重风格活实验性的文学奖项。 来自互联网
• Build your trophy room while amassing awards and accolades. 建立您的奖杯积累奖项和荣誉。 来自互联网

3 charcoal   

n.炭，木炭，生物炭

参考例句：

• We need to get some more charcoal for the barbecue.我们烧烤需要更多的碳。
• Charcoal is used to filter water.木炭是用来过滤水的。

4 Ford   

n.浅滩，水浅可涉处；v.涉水，涉过

参考例句：

• They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上，所以我们只能涉水过河。
• If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪，必须极度小心。

5 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。