国家地理 为了改变世界 我们必须进行抗议(2)

A young Montgomery, Alabama, pastor¹ named Martin Luther King, Jr., took notice. So did a nascent² national civil rights movement.

阿拉巴马州蒙哥马利市一位名叫马丁·路德·金的年轻牧师注意到了这一点。新生的全国民权运动随之兴起。

The criminal justice system wasn't responsible for Till's death, but it was entirely³ complicit by ignoring the boy's blood dripping from his two white killers⁴' hands. The injustice⁵ lit a protest fuse. A month after the lynching, King stated that Till's death "might be considered one of the most brutal⁶ and inhumane crimes of the twentieth century."

刑事司法系统没有对提尔的死负责，完全忽略了手上沾满这位男孩鲜血的两个白人刽子手。司法的不公正引燃了抗议的导火索。在私刑后一个月，金发表声明称，提尔之死可能会被认为是二十世纪最残酷和最不人道的罪行之一。

Exactly a hundred days after the murder, a woman named Rosa Parks boarded a segregated⁷ public bus in Montgomery and refused to surrender her seat to a white passenger. A bus boycott⁸, already in its infancy⁹, was fueled by the savagery¹⁰ visited on Till. A year later, the buses were desegregated.

在提尔被杀整整一百天之后，一位名叫名叫罗莎·帕克斯的妇女，在蒙哥马利一辆有种族隔离标识的公交车上，拒绝让座给一位白人乘客。已处于萌芽阶段的抵制公交车活动在提尔野蛮被杀之后迅速加剧。一年之后，公交车取消了种族隔离制度。

The successful boycott was a precursor¹¹ to sweeping¹² social change. The simple act of Parks refusing to give up her seat on a bus -- and the resulting boycott -- helped spawn¹³ civil rights legislation that would soon outlaw¹⁴ race discrimination in housing and employment. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965, prohibiting racial discrimination in voting, would follow. The constant factor driving the change toward equality was focused protest.

这次抵制的成功是全面社会改革的先驱。帕克斯拒绝让座的简单举动引发了抵制公交车活动，催生了民权立法，而这些法案不久就在住房和就业方面全面，将种族歧视定为非法行为。在此之后，1964年的《民权法》和1965年的《投票法》禁止投票中的种族歧视。推动社会朝着平等迈进的就是集中抗议。

1 pastor   

n.牧师，牧人

参考例句：

• He was the son of a poor pastor.他是一个穷牧师的儿子。
• We have no pastor at present:the church is run by five deacons.我们目前没有牧师：教会的事是由五位执事管理的。

2 nascent   

adj.初生的，发生中的

参考例句：

• That slim book showed the Chinese intelligentsia and the nascent working class.那本小册子讲述了中国的知识界和新兴的工人阶级。
• Despite a nascent democracy movement,there's little traction for direct suffrage.尽管有过一次新生的民主运动，但几乎不会带来直接选举。

3 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

4 killers   

凶手( killer的名词复数 )； 消灭…者； 致命物； 极难的事

参考例句：

• He remained steadfast in his determination to bring the killers to justice. 他要将杀人凶手绳之以法的决心一直没有动摇。
• They were professional killers who did in John. 杀死约翰的这些人是职业杀手。

5 injustice   

n.非正义，不公正，不公平，侵犯（别人的）权利

参考例句：

• They complained of injustice in the way they had been treated.他们抱怨受到不公平的对待。
• All his life he has been struggling against injustice.他一生都在与不公正现象作斗争。

6 brutal   

adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的

参考例句：

• She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
• They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼，骨子里却是野蛮残忍。

7 segregated   

分开的； 被隔离的

参考例句：

• a culture in which women are segregated from men 妇女受到隔离歧视的文化
• The doctor segregated the child sick with scarlet fever. 大夫把患猩红热的孩子隔离起来。

8 boycott   

n./v.(联合)抵制，拒绝参与

参考例句：

• We put the production under a boycott.我们联合抵制该商品。
• The boycott lasts a year until the Victoria board permitsreturn.这个抗争持续了一年直到维多利亚教育局妥协为止。

9 infancy   

n.婴儿期；幼年期；初期

参考例句：

• He came to England in his infancy.他幼年时期来到英国。
• Their research is only in its infancy.他们的研究处于初级阶段。

10 savagery   

n.野性

参考例句：

• The police were shocked by the savagery of the attacks.警察对这些惨无人道的袭击感到震惊。
• They threw away their advantage by their savagery to the black population.他们因为野蛮对待黑人居民而丧失了自己的有利地位。

11 precursor   

n.先驱者；前辈；前任；预兆；先兆

参考例句：

• Error is often the precursor of what is correct.错误常常是正确的先导。
• He said that the deal should not be seen as a precursor to a merger.他说该笔交易不应该被看作是合并的前兆。

12 sweeping   

adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的

参考例句：

• The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
• Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗？

13 spawn   

n.卵，产物，后代，结果；vt.产卵，种菌丝于，产生，造成；vi.产卵，大量生产

参考例句：

• The fish were madly pushing their way upstream to spawn.鱼群为产卵而疯狂地向上游挤进。
• These fish will lay spawn in about one month from now.这些鱼大约一个月内会产卵。

14 outlaw   

n.歹徒，亡命之徒；vt.宣布…为不合法

参考例句：

• The outlaw hid out in the hills for several months.逃犯在山里隐藏了几个月。
• The outlaw has been caught.歹徒已被抓住了。