经济学人313:欧洲航天重组 恩德斯的正当手段

　　Business
商业报道
Restructuring European aerospace¹
欧洲航天重组
Enders justifying² means
恩德斯的正当手段
The effort to run EADS like an ordinary company
努力像经营一个普通公司一样经营欧洲航空防务及航天公司
ARNAUD MONTEBOURG must look back on September 16th with a certain wry³ amusement.
阿诺·蒙特堡先生回顾9月16日时一定会哭笑不得。
2_副本.jpgThat was the day the French industry minister visited Elancourt, west ofParis, where the defence arm of European Aeronautic⁴ Defence & Space conducts research on cyber-security.
这一天，法国工业部长参观巴黎西部的埃朗库尔酒店，那里是欧洲航空防务和航天公司进行网络安全的研究的防御区。
The government had just publicly identified the sector⁵ as one that could propel Franceto a new industrial future, and Mr Montebourg waxed lyrical on site.
政府刚刚公布确定这个部门作为一个可以推动法国新的产业未来的部门，蒙特堡先生。
Then on December 9th EADS announced that it was cutting 5,800 jobs acrossEuropeas part of a reorganisation of its defence and space activities.
12月9日EADS就宣布，它正在削减欧洲的5,800职位作为国防和空间活动的重组计划的一部分。
In the past such an announcement would have set off a barrage⁶ of accusations⁷, and not only from the firm's workforce⁸.
在过去，这样的声明会掀起大批的指责，不仅仅是公司的员工。
Relations among the company's main government shareholders—FranceandGermany—have long been strained.
该公司的主要股东的政权，法国和德国，长期以来一直关系紧张。
Those between Tom Enders, the chief executive of EADS, and Angela Merkel,Germany's chancellor⁹, are no better.
欧洲宇航防务集团的首席执行官托马斯·恩德斯和德国总理安格拉·默克尔之间的关系，也一直未见好转。
It was Mrs Merkel who stopped a proposed merger¹⁰ last year between EADS and BAE Systems, a British defence firm.
是默克尔终止了EADS和英国防务公司BAE系统公司在去年提出的合并计划。
Mr Enders saw the deal as a way to win EADS a seat at the top table in the defence business.
恩德斯先生将这一交易看做是EADS赢得国防业务顶尖席位的一条途径。
Mrs Merkel thought it would reduce German influence over EADS and shift jobs out ofGermany.
默克尔却认为这将减少德国对ESDS的影响力，EADS的许多工作将会被转移出德国。
The merger was abandoned amid bitter recriminations, leaving Mr Enders determined¹¹ to transform EADS into a normal commercial company focused on the profitability of its businesses rather than the nationality of its workers.
这次放弃合使得双方都相互指责，恩德斯先生不得不下决心将EADS改造成为一个正常的商业公司，专注于各项业务的盈利能力，而非其工人的国籍。
That the mudslinging this time has been relatively¹² restrained is a sign of how far EADS has travelled down that road.
这次较为克制的诽谤已经成为欧洲宇航防务集团在这条道路上走过多远的标志。
The German economics ministry¹³ asked that the cuts do not bear down disproportionately on its country, where most of the defence operations are based.
德国经济部指出这次削减难以承担德国经济不成比例的下跌，因为那里是大部分防卫作战的基础。
Mr Montebourg thought it unacceptable that a profitable company with a bulging¹⁴ order book and state support had to cut jobs.
蒙特堡先生认为一个拥有鼓鼓订单和政府支持的盈利公司不得不裁员的理由是难以接受的。
Neither government looks likely to intervene.Francenow owns just 12% of the company,Germanyless than 11% and neither now has a veto over management decisions.
不过无论如何政府很可能要干预此事。法国目前只拥有公司的12％，德国也只有不到11％，两国都没有一票否决权的管理决策。
Both can see that, however successful EADS is these days in commercial aviation, it is too small, too cost-heavy and too Eurocentric to compete globally for defence and space business, especially at a time when developed countries are cutting their budgets.
从两方面都可以看出，虽然欧洲宇航防务集团最近在航空商业中是成功的，但对于以欧洲为中心在全球范围内为国防和空间业务构成竞争来说规模太小，花费太大了，尤其是当发达国家正在削减他们的预算的时候。
The job losses are part of a bigger reorganisation to reflect this reality.
工作损失是一个反映现实的更大的重组。
Next year EADS's four operating units will come down to three, as its existing defence and space outfits—Cassidian, Astrium and Airbus Military—are merged¹⁵ into Airbus DS.
明年欧洲宇航防务集团的四大经营单位将回落到三个，作为其现有的国防和航天装备，卡西迪安，奥斯特里姆公司和空中客车军用将合并成空中客车公司的DS 。
EADS itself will take its name from its best-known brand, becoming Airbus Group.
EADS公司将放弃其最知名的品牌名字，成为空中客车集团。
No longer will the role of chief executive alternate between French and German bosses: Mr Enders will keep the job as long as the board wants him to remain.
他们将不会再扮演法国行政总裁候补和德国老板之间的角色：
What of the research into cyber-security that Mr Montebourg ventured out to see one September morning?
只要董事会希望他留下来，恩德斯先生将继续这项工作。
That, the company says, is here to stay.
也就是说，该公司表示，是到停下来的时候了。
1.look back 回顾；倒退
And I look back with pride and amazement¹⁶.
而当我回顾过去时，心中充满自豪和惊叹。
Understanding the tata connection requires a look back at history.
要了解塔塔之间的种种联系需要回顾一下它的历史。
2.propel to 推至
Conversely, employees who represent the brand flawlessly and consistently can propel a business to stardom.
反过来,雇员代表和维持品牌可以推动企业不断轻声呼唤。
Experts say several factors have helped propel moocs to the center of the education stage, including improved technology and the exploding costs of traditional universities.
专家表示有几个原因把moocs网教推向了教育舞台的中央，包括科技的日新月异，还有传统大学天价的花费。
3.set off 开始；引起
Nichols set off for his remote farmhouse¹⁷ in Connecticut.
尼科尔斯动身去他在康涅狄格州的偏僻农舍了。
The President's envoy¹⁸ set off on another diplomatic trip.
总统的使节开始了又一次外交之旅。
4.focus on 致力于；使聚焦于
That's all you want to focus on.
你只需将你的注意力集中于此。
The project also will focus on key secreted¹⁹ pathogenic proteins.
该项目也将集中于主要分泌性致病蛋白质。

1 aerospace   

adj.航空的，宇宙航行的

参考例句：

• The world's entire aerospace industry is feeling the chill winds of recession.全世界的航空航天工业都感受到了经济衰退的寒意。
• Edward Murphy was an aerospace engineer for the US Army.爱德华·墨菲是一名美军的航宇工程师。

2 justifying   

证明…有理( justify的现在分词 )； 为…辩护； 对…作出解释； 为…辩解（或辩护）

参考例句：

• He admitted it without justifying it. 他不加辩解地承认这个想法。
• The fellow-travellers'service usually consisted of justifying all the tergiversations of Soviet intenal and foreign policy. 同路人的服务通常包括对苏联国内外政策中一切互相矛盾之处进行辩护。

3 wry   

adj.讽刺的；扭曲的

参考例句：

• He made a wry face and attempted to wash the taste away with coffee.他做了个鬼脸，打算用咖啡把那怪味地冲下去。
• Bethune released Tung's horse and made a wry mouth.白求恩放开了董的马，噘了噘嘴。

4 aeronautic   

adj.航空（学）的

参考例句：

• Something akin to panic swept the National Aeronautic and Space Agency. 一种近乎恐慌的心情席卷了国家宇航局。 来自辞典例句
• They are widely used in electronic instruments aeronautic instruments etc. 此类轴承在各类电子仪器中得以广泛运用。 来自互联网

5 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

6 barrage   

n.火力网，弹幕

参考例句：

• The attack jumped off under cover of a barrage.进攻在炮火的掩护下开始了。
• The fierce artillery barrage destroyed the most part of the city in a few minutes.猛烈的炮火几分钟内便毁灭了这座城市的大部分地区。

7 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

8 workforce   

n.劳动大军，劳动力

参考例句：

• A large part of the workforce is employed in agriculture.劳动人口中一大部分受雇于农业。
• A quarter of the local workforce is unemployed.本地劳动力中有四分之一失业。

9 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

10 merger   

n.企业合并，并吞

参考例句：

• Acceptance of the offer is the first step to a merger.对这项提议的赞同是合并的第一步。
• Shareholders will be voting on the merger of the companies.股东们将投票表决公司合并问题。

11 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

12 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

13 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

14 bulging   

膨胀； 凸出（部）； 打气； 折皱

参考例句：

• Her pockets were bulging with presents. 她的口袋里装满了礼物。
• Conscious of the bulging red folder, Nim told her,"Ask if it's important." 尼姆想到那个鼓鼓囊囊的红色文件夹便告诉她：“问问是不是重要的事。”

15 merged   

（使）混合( merge的过去式和过去分词 )； 相融； 融入； 渐渐消失在某物中

参考例句：

• Turf wars are inevitable when two departments are merged. 两个部门合并时总免不了争争权限。
• The small shops were merged into a large market. 那些小商店合并成为一个大商场。

16 amazement   

n.惊奇，惊讶

参考例句：

• All those around him looked at him with amazement.周围的人都对他投射出惊异的眼光。
• He looked at me in blank amazement.他带着迷茫惊诧的神情望着我。

17 farmhouse   

n.农场住宅（尤指主要住房）

参考例句：

• We fell for the farmhouse as soon as we saw it.我们对那所农舍一见倾心。
• We put up for the night at a farmhouse.我们在一间农舍投宿了一夜。

18 envoy   

n.使节，使者，代表，公使

参考例句：

• Their envoy showed no sign of responding to our proposals.他们的代表对我方的提议毫无回应的迹象。
• The government has not yet appointed an envoy to the area.政府尚未向这一地区派过外交官。

19 secreted   

v.（尤指动物或植物器官）分泌( secrete的过去式和过去分词 )；隐匿，隐藏

参考例句：

• Insulin is secreted by the pancreas. 胰岛素是胰腺分泌的。
• He secreted his winnings in a drawer. 他把赢来的钱藏在抽届里。 来自《简明英汉词典》