2023年经济学人 美国敦促加沙地带延长停火

美国敦促加沙地带延长停火

The world this week--Politics

本周国际要闻--政治

Antony Blinken, America’s secretary of state, went to Israel to press for more extensions to the ceasefire in Gaza. 美国国务卿安东尼·布林肯前往以色列，敦促加沙地带进一步延长停火。

Under the truce¹ Hamas has released Israeli hostages in exchange for Palestinian prisoners in Israel. 根据停火协议，哈马斯释放以色列人质，以换取以色列境内的巴勒斯坦囚犯。

During the week William Burns, the director of the CIA, and David Barnea, the head of Mossad, Israel’s intelligence agency, went to Doha to hold talks with the Qatari prime minister and Egyptian officials about the hostages. 本周，美国中央情报局局长威廉·伯恩斯与以色列情报机构摩萨德的负责人大卫·巴尼亚前往多哈(卡塔尔首都)，与卡塔尔首相和埃及官员就人质问题举行会谈。

The Americans want Israel to prolong the ceasefire. 美国希望以色列延长停火。

Israel’s government is insisting that the war against Hamas must resume soon.

以色列政府坚决要求必须尽快恢复对抗哈马斯的战争。

The annual climate summit convened² by the UN got under way in Dubai.

由联合国召开的年度气候峰会在迪拜举行。

COP28 is being attended by 70,000 climate advocates, diplomats³ and journalists, though Joe Biden is skipping this one (he attended the previous two COPs as America’s president). 有7万名气候倡导者、外交官和记者正在参加第28届联合国气候变化大会，尽管乔·拜登会缺席这次会议(他以美国总统身份参加了前两次联合国气候变化大会)。

The three main battles at the 12-day gathering⁴ are cracking down on methane⁵ emissions⁶, reaching a deal on climate finance and finding a path to end the use of fossil fuels.

在这次为期12天的会议上，三大主要议题是遏制甲烷排放、达成气候融资协议，以及找到停用化石燃料的途径。

An attack on a prison in Freetown, the capital of Sierra Leone, killed 20 people, including 13 soldiers, and freed 1,890 inmates⁷. 塞拉利昂首都弗里敦的一所监狱遭到袭击，造成包括13名士兵在内的20人死亡，并放走了1890名囚犯。

The country’s information officer described the assault as a failed coup⁸ directed by bodyguards⁹ loyal to the former president.

塞拉利昂信息官称这次袭击是由忠于前总统的警卫队指挥的未遂政变。

Finland shut its entire border with Russia for two weeks to stop what it claims is an organised attempt by Russia to ferry illegal migrants across the frontier. 芬兰将其与俄罗斯的整个边境关闭了两周，以阻止其所称的俄罗斯有组织地将非法移民运送过边境的企图。

The Finnish prime minister, Petteri Orpo, described it as “Russia’s influence operation”.

芬兰总理彼得里·奥尔波将其描述为“俄罗斯的影响行动”。

Negotiations¹⁰ began in the Netherlands to form a new government after the election victory of the far-right Party for Freedom (PVV), led by Geert Wilders. 在荷兰，基尔特·威尔德斯领导的极右翼自由党(PVV)赢得选举后，开启了组建新政府的谈判。

Mr Wilders is trying to determine which parties will enlist¹¹ in a coalition¹², a tricky¹³ task given that the mainstream¹⁴ conservative party has ruled out joining him in government, though it has suggested it would support a centre-right cabinet.

威尔德斯正试图确定哪些政党将加入联合政府，这是一项棘手的任务，因为主流保守党已经排除了加入他的政府的可能性，尽管该政党暗示将支持一个中右翼内阁。

Ireland’s prime minister, Leo Varadkar, said he would tighten¹⁵ the country’s laws against incitement¹⁶ to hatred¹⁷ “and hatred in general”. 爱尔兰总理利奥·瓦拉德卡表示，他将加强国家法律，打击对仇恨“以及一般仇恨”的煽动。

He was responding to a rare spate¹⁸ of rioting in Dublin that was sparked by the non-fatal stabbing of three children and a school assistant by a man of Algerian origin.

他是在回应都柏林罕见的一系列骚乱活动，这些骚乱活动是由一名阿尔及利亚裔男子刺伤三名儿童和一名助教引发的。

The Polish president, Andrzej Duda, swore in a new government formed by the Law and Justice (PiS) party.

波兰总统安杰伊·杜达宣誓就职由法律与正义党(PiS)组建的新政府。

The government is expected to last just two weeks.

预计本届政府只会持续两周。

PiS won a minority of seats in Poland’s recent election. 法律与正义党在波兰最近的选举中赢得了少数席位。

A coalition led by Donald Tusk¹⁹, a former prime minister, gained the most seats and will vote the government down when it presents its plans to parliament. 由前总理唐纳德·图斯克领导的联合政府赢得了最多的席位，并在这届政府向议会提交计划时投票否决。

Mr Duda hails from the PiS.

杜达来自法律与正义党。

1 truce   

n.休战，(争执，烦恼等的)缓和；v.以停战结束

参考例句：

• The hot weather gave the old man a truce from rheumatism.热天使这位老人暂时免受风湿病之苦。
• She had thought of flying out to breathe the fresh air in an interval of truce.她想跑出去呼吸一下休战期间的新鲜空气。

2 convened   

召开( convene的过去式 )； 召集； （为正式会议而）聚集； 集合

参考例句：

• The chairman convened the committee to put the issue to a vote. 主席召集委员们开会对这个问题进行表决。
• The governor convened his troops to put down the revolt. 总督召集他的部队去镇压叛乱。

3 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

5 methane   

n.甲烷，沼气

参考例句：

• The blast was caused by pockets of methane gas that ignited.爆炸是由数袋甲烷气体着火引起的。
• Methane may have extraterrestrial significance.甲烷具有星际意义。

6 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

7 inmates   

n.囚犯( inmate的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• One of the inmates has escaped. 被收容的人中有一个逃跑了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The inmates were moved to an undisclosed location. 监狱里的囚犯被转移到一个秘密处所。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

9 bodyguards   

n.保镖，卫士，警卫员( bodyguard的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Brooks came to Jim's office accompanied—like always—by his two bodyguards. 和往常一样，在两名保镖的陪同下，布鲁克斯去吉姆的办公室。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Three of his bodyguards were injured in the attack. 在这次袭击事件中，他有3名保镖受了伤。 来自辞典例句

10 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

11 enlist   

vt.谋取(支持等)，赢得；征募；vi.入伍

参考例句：

• They come here to enlist men for the army.他们来这儿是为了召兵。
• The conference will make further efforts to enlist the support of the international community for their just struggle. 会议必将进一步动员国际社会，支持他们的正义斗争。

12 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

13 tricky   

adj.狡猾的，奸诈的；(工作等)棘手的，微妙的

参考例句：

• I'm in a rather tricky position.Can you help me out?我的处境很棘手，你能帮我吗？
• He avoided this tricky question and talked in generalities.他回避了这个非常微妙的问题，只做了个笼统的表述。

14 mainstream   

n.（思想或行为的）主流；adj.主流的

参考例句：

• Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。
• Polls are still largely reflects the mainstream sentiment.民调还在很大程度上反映了社会主流情绪。

15 tighten   

v.(使)变紧；(使)绷紧

参考例句：

• Turn the screw to the right to tighten it.向右转动螺钉把它拧紧。
• Some countries tighten monetary policy to avoid inflation.一些国家实行紧缩银根的货币政策，以避免通货膨胀。

16 incitement   

激励； 刺激； 煽动； 激励物

参考例句：

• incitement to racial hatred 种族仇恨的挑起
• Interest is an incitement to study. 兴趣刺激学习。

17 hatred   

n.憎恶，憎恨，仇恨

参考例句：

• He looked at me with hatred in his eyes.他以憎恨的眼光望着我。
• The old man was seized with burning hatred for the fascists.老人对法西斯主义者充满了仇恨。

18 spate   

n.泛滥，洪水，突然的一阵

参考例句：

• Police are investigating a spate of burglaries in the area.警察正在调查这一地区发生的大量盗窃案。
• Refugees crossed the border in full spate.难民大量地越过了边境。

19 tusk   

n.獠牙，长牙，象牙

参考例句：

• The wild boar had its tusk sunk deeply into a tree and howled desperately.野猪的獠牙陷在了树里，绝望地嗥叫着。
• A huge tusk decorated the wall of his study.他书房的墙上装饰着一支巨大的象牙。