2023年经济学人 美国投资大师芒格逝世享年99岁

美国投资大师芒格逝世享年99岁

The world this week--Business

本周国际要闻--商业

Tributes were paid to Charlie Munger, who died aged¹ 99.

查理·芒格逝世，享年99岁，人们纷纷表示哀悼。

Mr Munger was Warren Buffett’s long-standing partner at Berkshire Hathaway. 芒格是沃伦·巴菲特在伯克希尔哈撒韦公司的长期合作伙伴。

Their friendship stretched back to Mr Buffett’s first investments in the 1950s. 他们的友谊可以追溯到上世纪50年代巴菲特的第一笔投资。

Mr Munger joined the holding company’s board in 1978.

芒格于1978年加入这家控股公司的董事会。

Mr Buffett credited Mr Munger with breaking “my cigar-butt habits” and driving company strategy, once telling shareholders² that he was merely the contractor³ while Mr Munger was the architect of the business’s growth.

巴菲特能改掉买烟蒂股的习惯、公司战略可以推动，巴菲特都归功于芒格。巴菲特曾告诉公司股东，他只是承包商，而芒格是企业发展的建筑师。

Shein, a fast-fashion retailer⁴, has filed for an initial public offering in America, according to reports. 据报道，快时尚零售商希音已在美国申请首次公开募股。

Shein’s cheap clothing range is hugely popular; its sales are comparable to those of H&M and Zara. 希音的低价服装系列非常受欢迎; 其销售额堪比H&M和Zara。

America is its biggest market and Shein’s website is almost as in demand as Amazon’s among teenagers. 美国是其最大的市场，希音网站在青少年中几乎和亚马逊一样受欢迎。

The company was founded in China but now has its headquarters in Singapore. 这家公司成立于中国，现在总部设在新加坡。

That might smooth the process for what could be the biggest stockmarket flotation of a Chinese-origin firm since Didi Global’s ill-fated IPO in 2021.

这可能会为自2021年滴滴全球首次公开募股失败以来规模最大的中国本土公司上市铺平道路。

ByteDance, the Chinese company that owns TikTok, is reportedly pulling out of the mobile-gaming business. 据报道，TikTok的所有者字节跳动(中国公司)正在退出移动游戏业务。

Its Nuverse division accounts for only a fraction of its revenues and is being wound down.

字节跳动的游戏部门朝夕光年(Nuverse)只占其收入的一小部分，而且正在逐步减少。

Hong Kong’s exports grew in October by 1.4%, year on year, the first increase since April 2022. 香港10月份出口同比增长1.4%，这是自2022年4月以来的首次增长。

Shipments to mainland China were up by 5.6%, which was taken as an optimistic sign that regional trade is on the road to recovery.

香港对中国大陆出口增长了5.6%，这被认为是一个乐观的信号，表明区域贸易正在复苏。

The euro zone’s annual inflation rate dropped to 2.4% in November from 2.9% in November. 欧元区11月份的年通胀率从2.9%降至2.4%。

That puts more pressure on the European Central Bank to hold interest rates steady, if not cut them. 这给欧洲央行即使不降利率，也要维持利率不变带来了更大的压力。

Before November’s figure was released Christine Lagarde, the president of the ECB, said that “This is not the time to start declaring victory” against inflation, as there was considerable uncertainty⁵ about future movements in prices.

在11月份的数据公布之前，欧洲央行行长克里斯蒂娜·拉加德表示“现在不是开始宣布对抗通胀胜利的时候”，因为未来的物价走势存在相当大的不确定性。

Tesla prepared the first deliveries of its long-delayed Cybertruck. 特斯拉准备交付首批拖延已久的Cybertruck(电动皮卡)。

Initial orders for the vehicle were placed before the start of the pandemic but production has been plagued with problems. 这款车的首批订单是在疫情开始前下达的，但生产一直受到各种问题的困扰。

Elon Musk⁶ has described the SUV as a “badass, futuristic armoured personnel carrier” and “intentionally an insane technology bandwagon”. 埃隆·马斯克将这款运动型多用途汽车(SUV)描述为“厉害的、未来的装甲运兵车，旨在于成为疯狂的科技潮流”。

Tesla doesn’t expect to make a profit from it for at least 18 months.

特斯拉预计至少在18个月内无法盈利。

Nissan and AESC, its battery-making partner, are investing another 2bn pounds (2.5bn dollars) making electric cars and batteries in Sunderland, a deprived city in England’s north-east. 日产及其电池制造合作伙伴远景动力(AESC)将在英格兰东北部的贫困城市桑德兰投资20亿英镑(合25亿美元)生产电动汽车和电池。

The investment includes a new gigafactory. 

这项投资包括建立一座新的动力电池超级工厂(gigafactory)。

The news was welcomed by the British government, which has made more money available to support battery manufacturing. 英国政府对这一消息表示欢迎，并已拨出更多可用资金支持电池制造业。

1 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

2 shareholders   

n.股东( shareholder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders. 90%的股东出席了会议。
• the company's fiduciary duty to its shareholders 公司对股东负有的受托责任

3 contractor   

n.订约人，承包人，收缩肌

参考例句：

• The Tokyo contractor was asked to kick $ 6000 back as commission.那个东京的承包商被要求退还6000美元作为佣金。
• The style of house the contractor builds depends partly on the lay of the land.承包商所建房屋的式样，有几分要看地势而定。

4 retailer   

n.零售商(人)

参考例句：

• What are the retailer requirements?零售商会有哪些要求呢？
• The retailer has assembled a team in Shanghai to examine the question.这家零售商在上海组建了一支团队研究这个问题。

5 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。

6 musk   

n.麝香, 能发出麝香的各种各样的植物，香猫

参考例句：

• Musk is used for perfume and stimulant.麝香可以用作香料和兴奋剂。
• She scented her clothes with musk.她用麝香使衣服充满了香味。