美国文化脱口秀 第415期:感恩节 美国的中秋节

 　　今天是感恩节(Thanksgiving)。首先，要衷心感谢大家对开言英语的支持、鼓励和肯定。We are very thankful for all your support, encouragement and love;感恩节，可以说是美国的第一大节。其地位更胜圣诞节。今天，就和Jenny, Diana过一个温馨的感恩节吧！

　　关键词：

　　When is Thanksgiving? 感恩节是哪一天？

　　Thanksgiving is the fourth Thursday of November: 感恩节是每年11月的第四个星期四

　　Not the last Thursday of November: 不是最后一个星期四

　　The fourth Thursday is usually the last Thursday of November, but not always: 第四个星期四通常是最后一个星期四，但不是每年如此

　　It officially kicks off the holiday season in America: 感恩节也正式开启了美国的节日季

　　All about the family: 美国的团圆节

　　Thanksgiving to Americans is like Mid¹ Autumn Festival to Chinese: 感恩节对美国人来说，好比中秋节对中国人的意义

　　Everyone tries to make their way home and have a family gathering²: 大家都会尽量赶回家，和家人团聚

　　Family reunion: 举家团圆

　　More important than Christmas:

　　比圣诞节更重要

　　Thanksgiving is not a religious holiday, therefore everyone can and does celebrate it: 感恩节不是一个宗教节日，所以人人都能、也都会庆祝

　　Non-Christians: 非基督徒

　　It's a secular³ holiday: 是一个世俗节日

　　The Jews don't celebrate Christmas, but they do celebrate Thanksgiving: 比如犹太人，不庆祝圣诞，但会庆祝感恩节

　　＊想不到＊

　　Many Jewish Americans go to Chinese restaurants on Christmas because Western restaurants are closed: 很多美国犹太人圣诞会去中餐馆，因为西餐厅都关门了

　　Chinese Americans And Thanksgiving: 华人特色的感恩节

　　Diana家的感恩节

　　Different people in my family would take turns hosting Thanksgiving: 我家的亲戚感恩节会轮流作东

　　My grandparents are not used to American food. So we cook Chinese food and order Chinese takeout: 我爷爷奶奶吃不惯西餐，所以我们感恩节还是吃中餐、叫中餐外卖

　　We don't usually have a turkey: 我家基本上不吃火鸡

　　Every family would bring some food. We would have a potluck: 每家带些菜，大家聚餐

　　What are you thankful for? 如何表达感恩?

　　A small ritual before dinner to pay thanks: 晚餐前的小仪式，表达感谢

　　Make a small speech about what you're thankful for: 每人说段话，说自己感恩什么

　　如何表达感谢？

　　Thankful for: 感谢

　　Grateful for: 感激

　　比如

　　I'm thankful for having a great family who loves and supports me: 我感恩家人，爱我、支持我

　　I'm grateful for all the great experiences this year: 我感恩这一年来所经历的一切

　　感恩节 美国的中秋节

　　The origins of Thanksgiving: 感恩节的起源

　　The origins of Thanksgiving: 感恩节的起源

　　Pilgrims: 清教徒，指最先从欧洲到美国新大陆的人

　　Native Indians: 土著印第安人

　　The pilgrims hosted a big feast to thank the Indians for teaching them how to grow food and having a harvest: 清教徒举办了一场盛宴，感激印第安人教他们种植、得到了丰收

　　The Thanksgiving feast: 感恩节大餐

　　Thanksgiving feast: 感恩节大餐

　　Lots and lots of food with lots of leftovers⁴: 很多、很多好吃的，根本吃不完，会有很多剩菜

　　感恩节一定要吃：

　　Roasted turkey, aka, the big bird: 火鸡，美国人也戏称为大鸟

　　You can get a 15-pound or 20-pound turkey from the supermarket: 超市里可以选要多重的，15磅、20磅等等

　　It takes a long time to defrost a frozen turkey: 化冻一只冷冻大火鸡要很久

　　The Thanksgiving feast takes a lof of prep work: 感恩节大餐准备起来工程浩大

　　Who makes the turkey? 烤火鸡是个神圣的任务

　　Roasting the turkey is a sacred task: 烤火鸡是个神圣的任务

　　Family recipes passed down from generations: 每家都有自己祖传的秘方

　　Seasoning⁵: 调味

　　The turkey will be very dry if you overcook it: 烤过头了，火鸡肉就会很柴

　　Many Chinese will go to a Chinese supermarket to buy a roasted turkey: 很多美国华人会去华人超市买适合华人口味的烤火鸡

　　Rotisserie: 烤肉铺

　　Ranch⁶ 99: 大华99， 美国著名华人连锁超市

　　Turkey with all the trimmings: 火鸡And配菜

　　Turkey with all the trimmings: 火鸡和配菜，这是一个固定说法

　　配菜还有以下更通用的说法:

　　Side dishes/sides: 配菜

　　感恩节火鸡经典配菜:

　　Mashed⁷ potatoes with gravy⁸: 土豆泥配肉汁

　　Stuffing: 火鸡肚子里塞的馅料

　　To stuff: 塞进去

　　No one cooks a turkey without the stuffing: 没人烤火鸡会不塞馅料

　　It's almost as important as the turkey: 馅料和火鸡一样重要

　　What's in the stuffing? 火鸡馅料里有什么？

　　Bread crumbs⁹: 干面包、面包糠

　　Veggies: 蔬菜

　　Fruits: 水果

　　Nuts: 坚果

　　Herbs: 香料

　　Cranberry¹⁰ sauce: 蔓越莓酱

　　You have to eat turkey with cranberry sauce: 吃火鸡一定要配蔓越莓酱

　　Unique dessert: 创新甜点

　　All kinds of pies, e.g. pumpkin¹¹ pie, sweet potato pie: 传统甜点是各类派，比如南瓜派、红薯派

　　不过还有个创新甜点：

　　Roasted pumpkin or sweet potato with marshmallow: 烤南瓜、烤红薯，上面铺一层棉花糖

　　Guilty pleasure: 罪恶的享受

　　The holiday season begins: 节日季开始啦！

　　The holiday season: 节日季

　　It starts with Thanksgiving, covers Black Friday, Christmas and the New Year: 从感恩节开始, 包括黑色星期五购物节、圣诞节、元旦

　　Holiday decorations: 节日装饰

　　You can smell the holiday in the air: 空气里弥漫着节日的味道

　　The holiday spirit: 节日气息、节日气氛

　　Warm And fuzzy feeling: 非常温馨

1 mid   

adj.中央的，中间的

参考例句：

• Our mid-term exam is pending.我们就要期中考试了。
• He switched over to teaching in mid-career.他在而立之年转入教学工作。

2 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

3 secular   

n.牧师，凡人；adj.世俗的，现世的，不朽的

参考例句：

• We live in an increasingly secular society.我们生活在一个日益非宗教的社会。
• Britain is a plural society in which the secular predominates.英国是个世俗主导的多元社会。

4 leftovers   

n.剩余物，残留物，剩菜

参考例句：

• He can do miracles with a few kitchen leftovers.他能用厨房里几样剩饭做出一顿美餐。
• She made supper from leftovers she had thrown together.她用吃剩的食物拼凑成一顿晚饭。

5 seasoning   

n.调味；调味料；增添趣味之物

参考例句：

• Salt is the most common seasoning.盐是最常用的调味品。
• This sauce uses mushroom as its seasoning.这酱油用蘑菇作调料。

6 ranch   

n.大牧场，大农场

参考例句：

• He went to work on a ranch.他去一个大农场干活。
• The ranch is in the middle of a large plateau.该牧场位于一个辽阔高原的中部。

7 mashed   

a.捣烂的

参考例句：

• two scoops of mashed potato 两勺土豆泥
• Just one scoop of mashed potato for me, please. 请给我盛一勺土豆泥。

8 gravy   

n.肉汁；轻易得来的钱，外快

参考例句：

• You have spilled gravy on the tablecloth.你把肉汁泼到台布上了。
• The meat was swimming in gravy.肉泡在浓汁之中。

9 crumbs   

int. (表示惊讶)哎呀 n. 碎屑 名词crumb的复数形式

参考例句：

• She stood up and brushed the crumbs from her sweater. 她站起身掸掉了毛衣上的面包屑。
• Oh crumbs! Is that the time? 啊，天哪！都这会儿啦？

10 cranberry   

n.梅果

参考例句：

• Turkey reminds me of cranberry sauce.火鸡让我想起梅果酱。
• Actually I prefer canned cranberry sauce.事实上我更喜欢罐装的梅果酱。

11 pumpkin   

n.南瓜

参考例句：

• They ate turkey and pumpkin pie.他们吃了火鸡和南瓜馅饼。
• It looks like there is a person looking out of the pumpkin!看起来就像南瓜里有人在看着你！