时代周刊:做一个平等的城市(1)

In Search of an Equal City

做一个平等的城市

By Emily Barone

文/艾米莉·巴龙

How cities across the U.S. are closing opportunity gaps.

美国各地城市纷纷致力于缩小机会差距。

For nearly 20 years, Dolores Acevedo-Garcia has been collecting data on the access—and lack thereof—

近20年来，Dolores Acevedo-Garcia一直在收集

that children in neighborhoods across the U.S. have to necessities like healthy food and a good education.

美国各地社区儿童是否能获取到健康食品和良好教育等成长必需品方面的数据。

She and her team at the Institute for Child, Youth and Family Policy at Brandeis University in Waltham, Mass., manage diversitydatakids.org,

她是布兰迪斯大学青少年与家庭政策研究所的一员，这个位于马萨诸塞州沃尔瑟姆的团队有一个项目——Diversitydatakids.org，

a data project designed to guide the high-level policy decisions that affect childhood and equality.

当初，他们成立这个数据项目便是为给高层提供有关儿童及平等问题的政策指导。

This information has helped local policymakers and institutions understand where to target programs to improve outcomes for their cities' children.

有了项目的数据，当地政策制定者和当地机构在制定助力当地孩童成长的项目方面已经做到有的放矢。

For example, last year researchers at Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago incorporated the data in an analysis of car accident injury records.

去年，芝加哥Lurie儿童医院的研究人员将团队的数据用到了车祸伤害记录分析领域。

They found that injured children who weren't properly secured in a car seat

他们发现，没有被妥善固定在汽车座椅上的受伤儿童

were more likely to live in neighborhoods that rank low on the Brandeis scale for childhood opportunity.

很有可能来源于布兰代斯儿童机会量表上排名较低的社区。

This spurred the hospital to ramp¹ up services that offer free car seats and car safety education to families in those areas.

在这一结论的启发下，医院方面开始加大服务力度，为那些社区的家庭提供免费汽车座椅和汽车安全教育。

In Boston, in the summer of 2017, when a community member saw evidence that young people didn't have enough to eat,

2017年夏天，波士顿某社区成员看到有年轻人吃不饱饭，

that person alerted the Vital Village Network,

随即便通知了Vital Village Network，

a group of health care, social services and education workers who create outreach programs in low-rated neighborhoods.

这是一群医疗保健、社会服务和教育行业从业者发起的一个项目，专门对接布兰代斯儿童机会量表上排名靠后的社区，向他们施以援手。

Using the Brandeis research in conjunction with food access data,

结合Brandeis的研究与食物获取机会的数据，

the group launched an app in late 2018 called Abundance Boston

该组织在2018年年尾推出了一款名为“Abundance Boston”的软件，

that directs residents in those areas to sources of affordable², healthy food

指引排名靠后的社区的居民获取他们负担得起的健康食品，

ranging from food pantries and farmers' markets to free spaghetti nights.

负责提供食品的有食品储藏室，有农贸市场，还有免费意大利面之夜。

Hundreds of residents have used the app, ranking and discussing their experiences,

目前，已经有数百位居民用过这一软件，还对他们的体验予以了评分和讨论，

which alleviates³ the stigma⁴ of talking about the challenges of feeding their children.

他们声称，这一软件减轻了他们谈论难以养活孩子的羞耻感。

And in Albany, N.Y., recreation commissioner⁵ Jonathan P. Jones used the data to locate areas that lack green spaces,

纽约州首府奥尔巴尼市的文娱专员乔纳森·P·琼斯则将这些数据应用到了定位缺乏绿地的地区方面，

and set out to rebuild or revitalize playgrounds and parks around the city,

他的下一步工作便是重建或重振城市周边的游乐场和公园，

with a particular focus on neighborhoods that lacked these facilities.

尤其是带动缺乏这些设施的社区的游乐场和公园建设。

1 ramp   

n.暴怒，斜坡，坡道；vi.作恐吓姿势，暴怒，加速；vt.加速

参考例句：

• That driver drove the car up the ramp.那司机将车开上了斜坡。
• The factory don't have that capacity to ramp up.这家工厂没有能力加速生产。

2 affordable   

adj.支付得起的，不太昂贵的

参考例句：

• The rent for the four-roomed house is affordable.四居室房屋的房租付得起。
• There are few affordable apartments in big cities.在大城市中没有几所公寓是便宜的。

3 alleviates   

减轻，缓解，缓和( alleviate的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Heat often alleviates pain. 热常常能减缓疼痛。
• A cold compress often alleviates pain. 冷敷常会减轻疼痛。

4 stigma   

n.耻辱，污名；(花的)柱头

参考例句：

• Being an unmarried mother used to carry a social stigma.做未婚母亲在社会上曾是不光彩的事。
• The stigma of losing weighed heavily on the team.失败的耻辱让整个队伍压力沉重。

5 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。