英语听力：自然百科 古格：消失的西藏王朝—20

 Tsering recons these caves could have stored food and supplies to the last year. So in theory, Guge could have held out for a while. Apparently¹, these secret passages also allowed the besieged² people in Guge access to water. Some passages led to an exit near the t* river. With food and water available, Tsaparang held out for close to a month, before the L* stepped out of the offensive. By now, the invaders³ have taken over the unprotected lower sections of the citydom and have gained a crucial bargaining chip in the process, thousands of Guge prisoners. Halfway⁴ up the citydom stands very perticular stone partition, unlike anything else found in Tsaparang.

-The wall is very interesting. It's built of stone whereby most of the other buildings were built primarily of g* earth or m*brick. It doesn't have any obvious habitational function. It doesn't have any obvious defensive⁵ function. So why's the wall there?

If storming the citydom through the tunnels was impossible, then the only other option would be to build a siege tower, and by the most ruthless means, on the backs of the captured Guge prisoners.

The royal preaching was virtually unavailable. The L* army reached the shelf beneath the sheer summit. They were stuck here for some time, around one month, so they began to build a siege tower, with pressed Guge labor⁶. They had to bring stones from black mountain on the far side of the S* River.

1 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

2 besieged   

包围，围困，围攻( besiege的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Paris was besieged for four months and forced to surrender. 巴黎被围困了四个月后被迫投降。
• The community besieged the newspaper with letters about its recent editorial. 公众纷纷来信对报社新近发表的社论提出诘问，弄得报社应接不暇。

3 invaders   

入侵者，侵略者，侵入物( invader的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They prepared to repel the invaders. 他们准备赶走侵略军。
• The family has traced its ancestry to the Norman invaders. 这个家族将自己的世系追溯到诺曼征服者。

4 halfway   

adj.中途的，不彻底的，部分的；adv.半路地，在中途，在半途

参考例句：

• We had got only halfway when it began to get dark.走到半路，天就黑了。
• In study the worst danger is give up halfway.在学习上，最忌讳的是有始无终。

5 defensive   

adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的

参考例句：

• Their questions about the money put her on the defensive.他们问到钱的问题，使她警觉起来。
• The Government hastily organized defensive measures against the raids.政府急忙布置了防卫措施抵御空袭。

6 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。