瑞典报告称北京雾霾有60余种耐药菌

 　　Scientists have identified bacterial¹ genes² that lead to antibiotic³ resistance, including several that can be resistant⁴ to most powerful antibiotics⁵, in air samples from Beijing, which is frequently cloaked in heavy smog,

　　科学家已经在北京的空气样本中鉴定出导致抗生素抗药性的细菌基因，包括可以对抗最强抗生素的细菌基因，这种细菌基因时常隐藏在浓重的雾霾之中。

　　Researchers from the University of Gothenburg in Sweden analysed 864 DNA⁶ samples taken from humans, animals and environments worldwide and found Beijing smog carried the largest number and types of genes identical or highly similar to antibiotic resistance genes (ARG).

　　来自瑞典哥德堡大学的研究人员分析了来自全世界的人类、动物和环境的864个DNA样本，发现北京的雾霾中携带的与抗生素抗药性基因（ARG）相同或高度相似的基因数量最大且种类最多。

　　Microbial communities from Beijing smog harboured as many as 64.4 different types of ARG.

　　来自北京雾霾的微生物群拥有多达64.4种不同类型的抗生素抗药性基因。

　　瑞典报告称北京雾霾有60余种耐药菌

　　The researchers also identified in the Beijing smog metagenomes that contained several genes resistant to carbapenems, a class of last-resort antibiotics for treating challenging bacterial infections.

　　研究人员还鉴定出北京雾霾的元基因组中含有几种具有碳青霉烯类抗药性的基因，碳青霉烯类是用于治疗具有挑战性细菌感染最后求助的抗生素。

　　"This may be a more important means of transmission than previously⁷ thought," Joakim Larsson, who led the research, said in a statement.

　　主导这项研究的乔吉姆·拉尔森在一份声明中表示：“空气可能会是抗生素耐药性传播的重要途径，而这之前没有被意识到。”

　　Larsson is a professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy of the University of Gothenburg and director of the institution's Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research.

　　拉尔森是哥德堡大学萨尔格伦斯卡学院的一位教授，同时也是抗生素耐药性研究中心的主任。

　　The research did not state whether the bacteria were alive in the air, which would significantly increase the level of threat.

　　该研究并没有说明这种将大大增加威胁水平的细菌是否还存活在空气中。

　　"It is reasonable to believe that there is a mixture of live and dead bacteria, based on experience from other studies of air," Larsson said.

　　拉尔森说道：“根据其他关于空气的研究，我们有理由相信，空气里混有死的和活的细菌。”

1 bacterial   

a.细菌的

参考例句：

• Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间，细菌繁殖加快了。
• Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。

2 genes   

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪

3 antibiotic   

adj.抗菌的；n.抗生素

参考例句：

• The doctor said that I should take some antibiotic.医生说我应该服些用抗生素。
• Antibiotic can be used against infection.抗菌素可以用来防止感染。

4 resistant   

adj.(to)抵抗的，有抵抗力的

参考例句：

• Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
• They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。

5 antibiotics   

n.（用作复数）抗生素；（用作单数）抗生物质的研究；抗生素，抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
• The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。

6 DNA   

(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸

参考例句：

• DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
• Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。

7 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。