外媒:会多门外语的又一好处 中风后更易恢复

 　　The benefits of learning another language aren’t limited to just getting by in another tongue. They may also extend to a host of hidden cognitive¹ benefits that could protect your brain in the case of a serious health episode such as a stroke or dementia, according to a new study.

　　学习其他语种的好处不仅仅局限于会说几句外语，其实还可能有一系列认知方面的好处尚不为人知。一项新的研究称，如遇中风和痴呆等严重的健康威胁，外语学习的认知利益可以保护大脑。

　　Researchers from the UK and India gathered data from 608 stroke patients in Hyderabad, India, and found that people who speak more than one language have a greater chance to recover from a stroke than monolingual people.

　　来自英国和印度的研究人员收集了印度海得拉巴608名中风病人的数据，发现比起仅懂一种语言的人，说不止一门语言者患中风后康复的几率更大。

　　外媒:会多门外语的又一好处 中风后更易恢复

　　Bilingual people and those who speak more than two languages are said to be twice as likely to have normal cognitive functions after a stroke as monolingual people, even after taking into account other factors such as smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes³ and age.

　　据悉，比起说一门语言的人，说两门及超过两门语言者在中风后能恢复正常认知水平的概率是前者的两倍，即便把抽烟、高血压、糖尿病和年纪等因素考虑在内亦是如此。

　　Previous research has also shown that bilingualism can delay the onset⁴ of Alzheimer’s disease.

　　之前的研究同样显示双语制可以延缓阿兹罕默症的发生。

　　According to the researchers, the ongoing⁵ mental challenges involved with speaking more than one language may boost a person’s cognitive reserve, leading to an improved ability to cope with damage to the brain stemming from incidents like a stroke.

　　研究者称，说多门语言受到持续不断的脑力挑战，可以促进人的认知储备，因而在处理由中风等原因引起的脑损伤时，其能力也更强。

　　Switching from one language to another offers practically constant brain training which may be a factor in helping⁶ stroke patients recover.

　　语言间的切换事实上不断训练大脑，也许就是这个因素帮助中风病人康复。

　　It’s worth noting that the particularly impressive recovery results shown by patients in the study may be tied at least in part to the lingual² characteristics of the area where the research was based. Hyderabad is a multicultural⁷ city that plays host to a wide range of different tongues, including Telugu, Urdu, Hindi, and English. As such, the ‘brain training’ people living in Hyderabad are exposed to and the theorised benefits resulting from it may not be replicated⁸ in equal measure elsewhere.

　　值得一提的是，研究中恢复效果好得惊人的病人多多少少和当地的语言特色有关。海得拉巴是个多元文化的城市，有多种语言，包括泰卢固语、乌尔都语、印地语和英语。如此，住在海得拉巴的“大脑训练”人群、及其理论上的优势也许在其它地方无法如法炮制。

1 cognitive   

adj.认知的，认识的，有感知的

参考例句：

• As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
• The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。

2 lingual   

adj.语言的；舌的

参考例句：

• Over here,they're not even lingual.在这，他们甚至什么话都说不来。
• Its brilliant elegant lingual art can be called"Great works".它那璀灿优美的语言艺术，真可谓“天地妙文”。

3 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

4 onset   

n.进攻，袭击，开始，突然开始

参考例句：

• The drug must be taken from the onset of the infection.这种药必须在感染的最初期就开始服用。
• Our troops withstood the onset of the enemy.我们的部队抵挡住了敌人的进攻。

5 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

6 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

7 multicultural   

adj.融合多种文化的，多种文化的

参考例句：

• Children growing up in a multicultural society.在多元文化社会中长大的孩子们。
• The school has been attempting to bring a multicultural perspective to its curriculum.这所学校已经在尝试将一种多元文化视角引入其课程。

8 replicated   

复制( replicate的过去式和过去分词 )； 重复； 再造； 再生

参考例句：

• Later outplant the seedlings in a replicated permanent test plantation. 以后苗木出圃栽植成重复的永久性试验林。
• The phage has replicated and the donor cells have lysed. 噬菌体已复制和给体细胞已发生裂解。