英语流行语：什么是“情绪劳动”？

 　　我们都知道普遍意义上的劳动分为脑力劳动(mental labor¹)和体力劳动(manual labor)两种。如今，一种新的劳动形式emotional labor(情绪劳动)走入我们的视野。你听说过吗?

　　Emotional labor is a form of emotional regulation wherein workers are expected to display certain emotions as part of their job, and to promote organizational goals. The intended effects of these emotional displays are on other, targeted people, who can be clients, customers, subordinates or co-workers.

　　情绪劳动(emotional labor)指要求员工在工作时展现某种特定情绪以达到其所在职位工作目标的劳动形式。这些特定情绪针对的目标人群有：客户、顾客、下属，或者同事。

　　Example professions that require emotional labor are that of nurses and doctors, waiting staff, actors (e.g. in a movie kiss), as well as airline stewardesses².

　　有情绪劳动需求的职业有：护士、医生、服务员、演员(比如要在电影中表演接吻场景)，以及空乘人员等。

　　Jobs involving emotional labor are defined as those that:

　　有情绪劳动需求的职业一般有如下特点：

　　require face-to-face or voice-to-voice contact with the public

　　需要与公众有面对面接触或者通过声音接触

　　require the worker to produce an emotional state in another person

　　需要员工为他人营造某种情绪状态

　　allow the employer, through training and supervision³, to exercise a degree of control over the emotional activities of employees.

　　允许雇主通过培训和监督对员工的情绪活动有一定掌控能力。

1 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

2 stewardesses   

（飞机上的）女服务员，空中小姐( stewardess的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• If you need help, stewardesses will be pleased to help you. 如果你需要帮忙的话，空中小姐会很高兴为你效劳。
• Stewardesses on planes should be employed for their ability, not for their looks. 应该根据能力而不是容貌来录用飞机上的女服务员。

3 supervision   

n.监督，管理

参考例句：

• The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
• The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。