VOA新闻杂志2022 俄罗斯入侵乌克兰 美国及其盟国宣布更多制裁措施

Russia launched an attack by air, land and sea from several directions against neighboring Ukraine Thursday.

俄罗斯周四从多个方向对邻国乌克兰发动了海陆空袭击。

Explosions and gunfire were heard throughout the country including the capital city of Kyiv. The mayor of Kharkiv, Ukraine's second-largest city, said his city is effectively surrounded.

包括首都基辅市在内乌克兰各地都能听到爆炸声和枪声。乌克兰第二大城市哈尔科夫市的市长表示，这座城市已经被实际包围了。

Ukraine's military chief said Ukrainian troops were fighting the Russian army near the Hostomel airbase 7 kilometers northwest of Kyiv. In the south, he said fighting was going on near Henichesk, Skadovsk and Chaplynka.

乌克兰军方首长表示，乌克兰军队在基辅州西北7公里处的霍斯托梅尔空军基地附近与俄罗斯军队作战。他说，在南部，战斗在格尼奇斯克、斯卡多夫斯克以及恰普林卡附近打响。

Another Ukrainian official said Russian troops captured the former Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The plant was the location of the world's worst nuclear accident when a nuclear reactor¹ exploded in April 1986, sending radioactive waste across Europe.

另一位乌克兰官员表示，俄罗斯军队占领了前切尔诺贝利核电站。该核电站是世界上最严重核事故的发生地，这里的一座核反应堆于1986年4月爆炸，将放射性废弃物排放到了整个欧洲。

The Russian Defense² Ministry³ confirmed in a statement that its ground forces have moved into Ukraine from Crimea. The ministry added that it has destroyed a total of 83 Ukrainian military facilities.

俄罗斯国防部在一份声明中证实，其地面部队已经从克里米亚进入乌克兰。该部门还表示，它总共摧毁了乌克兰83处军事设施。

In a television address from the Kremlin, Russian President Vladimir Putin warned other countries not to intervene in what he called a "special military operation." And he said they would face "consequences they have never seen."

俄罗斯总统普京在克里姆林宫的电视讲话中警告其它国家不要干预他所谓的“特殊军事行动”。并且他表示，他们会面临“他们前所未见的后果。”

Ukraine President Volodymyr Zelenskyy called on all Ukrainians to defend the country. He said arms would be given to anyone prepared to fight. He asked world leaders for help, saying that "if you don't help us now, if you fail to offer a powerful assistance to Ukraine, tomorrow the war will knock on your door."

乌克兰总统泽连斯基呼吁所有乌克兰人保卫国家。他说，将向任何准备战斗的人员发放武器。他向世界各国领导人寻求帮助，称“如果你现在不帮助我们，如果你不能向乌克兰提供强有力支援，明天战火就会烧到你家门前。”

World reactions

全球反应

The United States and its Western allies quickly condemned⁴ the invasion. American President Joe Biden said Thursday from the White House, "Putin is the aggressor. Putin chose this war. And now he and his country will bear the consequences."

美国及其西方盟国迅速谴责了这次入侵。美国总统拜登周四在白宫表示，“普京是侵略者。普京发动了这场战争。现在他和俄罗斯将承担后果。”

Biden announced more sanctions that he said would hurt the Russian economy. They targeted four more Russian banks with $1 trillion in assets, high-tech⁵ and military industries, and business leaders.

拜登宣布了更多他所谓会损害俄罗斯经济的制裁措施。这些措施是针对另外4家拥有1万亿美元资产的俄罗斯银行，高科技和军事行业，以及商界领袖。

The allies, however, did not enforce some of the most severe sanctions such as a limit on Russia's energy exports or banning Russia from the SWIFT payment system. The system permits transfers of money from bank to bank around the world.

然而，盟国并未实施一些最严厉的制裁措施，例如限制俄罗斯能源出口或禁止俄罗斯进入SWIFT支付系统。该系统允许在世界各地的银行之间进行资金转移。

Several European nations that were once under the former Soviet⁶ Union's orbit also condemned Russia's actions. Poland called for the "fiercest possible sanctions" against Russia. Czech President Milos Zeman called Putin a "madman." And Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orban, who has close ties with Putin, also condemned Russia's actions.

几个曾在前苏联势力范围内的欧洲国家也谴责了俄罗斯的行为。波兰呼吁对俄罗斯实施“最严厉的制裁”。捷克总统米洛斯·泽曼称普京为“疯子”。而与普京关系密切的匈牙利总理欧尔班也对俄罗斯的行为表示谴责。

China, however, did not call the Russian offensive an invasion. A foreign ministry spokesman said the crisis in Ukraine has a "complex" history and China understands what it called Russia's "legitimate⁷ concerns" on security.

然而中国并未将俄罗斯此次进攻称为入侵。外交部发言人表示，乌克兰危机有着复杂的历史，中国理解俄罗斯对自身安全的正当关切。

From the United Nations, Secretary-General Antonio Guterres asked Putin to "Stop the military operation. Bring the troops back to Russia." He said the world body was freeing up $20 million for urgent humanitarian⁸ needs in Ukraine.

联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯要求普京“停止军事行动并将部队带回俄罗斯。”他说，联合国正腾出2000万美元用于乌克兰的紧急人道主义需求。

The U.N. said several thousand Ukrainians have already crossed into neighboring countries, mainly Moldova and Romania. And an estimated 100,000 have fled their homes.

联合国表示，数千名乌克兰人已经进入邻国，主要是摩尔多瓦和罗马尼亚。估计有10万人已经逃离家园。

1 reactor   

n.反应器；反应堆

参考例句：

• The atomic reactor generates enormous amounts of thermal energy.原子反应堆发出大量的热能。
• Inside the reactor the large molecules are cracked into smaller molecules.在反应堆里，大分子裂变为小分子。

2 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

3 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

4 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

5 high-tech   

adj.高科技的

参考例句：

• The economy is in the upswing which makes high-tech services in more demand too.经济在蓬勃发展，这就使对高科技服务的需求量也在加大。
• The quest of a cure for disease with high-tech has never ceased. 人们希望运用高科技治疗疾病的追求从未停止过。

6 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

7 legitimate   

adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法

参考例句：

• Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
• That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。

8 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。